• Title/Summary/Keyword: Distributed Generations

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Some Ecological Characteristics of the Mulberry Scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona T., and Its Control with Insecticides (뽕나무깍지벌레(Pseudaulacaspis pentagona T.)의 생태적 특성 및 약제방제에 관한 연구)

  • 박인균;김영택;윤형주;이영인
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.74-85
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    • 1995
  • A study was conducted to provide some basic data for controlling the Mulberry scale insect(Pseudaulacaspis pentagona T.). Experiments were carried out with checking their field-life, and a few selected insecticides were tested when mulberry leaves were not in use. About 57% of female were survived from the overwintering attached to the bark. Over 80% of the scale were distributed within the range of 30cm from the base of each stem. One hundred percent and 96.7% of eggs were hatched under 25$^{\circ}C$ and 27$^{\circ}C$ respectively. Eighty percent of pupae emerged both under 25 and 27$^{\circ}C$. The Mulberry scale require about 33 days under 25$^{\circ}C$ and 30 days under 27$^{\circ}C$. This species had 2 generations each year in mulberry field in Suwon. Overwintered as a mated female only. Oviposited about 170 eggs under their scale starting from the late April (in 1994) through the mid May (in 1993). Phenthoate EC sprayed in the mid June against the larvae was very effect with over 96% of control value.

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An Investigation of Insect Pest and Maximum Occurrence Period of Key Pest Insect on Stored Rice Grains (미곡저장해충의 분류동정 및 주요저장해충의 발생최성기 조사 연구 -전남지방중심-)

  • 김규진;김선곤;최현순
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.117-124
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    • 1988
  • An Investigation of insect pests in rice stored was carried out in Jeonnam region of Korea. The total of 2 class, 7 orders 16 families and 25 species were recorded in Lepidoptera; 8, Coleoptera; 11, Orthoptera; 1, Thysanura 1, blattaria; 2, Hymenoptera; 1 and mites; 2 spe-cies. The important species among them were Sitotroga cerealella, Ephestia cautella, Paral-ipsa gularis, Poldia, in Lepidoptera, and Sitophilus orzae, Oryzaephilus surianmensis, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Tribolium castaneum, Tenebroides mauritanicus, Attagenus japonicus, in Coleoptera and Blatella germanica, in Blattaria and Acarus siro Petrobia latens, in mites. The duration of maximum occurrence were the late June to mid July for Sitotroga cerealella, the mod July to early August for Oryzaephilus surianmensis the mid July to August for Tribolium castaneum, the early July to late July for Sitophilus orzae, the mid June to early July for Attagenus japonicus the mid June to late Spetember for Blatella germanica and the late April to late May for Acarus siro and Petrobia latens, respectively in investigation, Blatella germanica(Blattaria) which was no problem in stored rice insect till now was mainly distributed a coastal plain and period of occurrence was long amount of occurrence was great. Rice weevil has 4 generations under natural conditions and the peak of 1st perood time was ranged from middle of jun. to last decade of Jun., 2nd period was from the lats decade of Jul. to first decade of Aug., 3rd period was from middle of Sep. to late Sep., 4th period was middle of Oct. to early Nov.

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The knowledge and human resources distribution system for university-industry cooperation (대학에서 창출하는 지적/인적자원에 대한 기업연계 플랫폼: 인문사회계열을 중심으로)

  • Park, Yoon-Joo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.133-149
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    • 2014
  • One of the main purposes of universities is to create new intellectual resources that will increase social values. These intellectual resources include academic research papers, lecture notes, patents, and creative ideas produced by both professors and students. However, intellectual resources in universities are often not distributed to the actual users or companies; and moreover, they are not even systematically being managed inside of the universities. Therefore, it is almost impossible for companies to access the knowledge created by university students and professors to utilize them. Thus, the current level of knowledge sharing between universities and industries are very low. This causes a great extravagant with high-quality intellectual and human resources, and it leads to quite an amount of social loss in the modern society. In the 21st century, the creative ideas are the key growth powers for many industries. Many of the globally leading companies such as Fedex, Dell, and Facebook have established their business models based on the innovative ideas created by university students in undergraduate courses. This indicates that the unconventional ideas from young generations can create new growth power for companies and immensely increase social values. Therefore, this paper suggests of a new platform for intellectual properties distribution with university-industry cooperation. The suggested platform distributes intellectual resources of universities to industries. This platform has following characteristics. First, it distributes not only the intellectual resources, but also the human resources associated with the knowledge. Second, it diversifies the types of compensation for utilizing the intellectual properties, which are beneficial for both the university students and companies. For example, it extends the conventional monetary rewards to non-monetary rewards such as influencing on the participating internship programs or job interviews. Third, it suggests of a new knowledge map based on the relationships between key words, so that the various types of intellectual properties can be searched efficiently. In order to design the system platform, we surveyed 120 potential users to obtain the system requirements. First, 50 university students and 30 professors in humanities and social sciences departments were surveyed. We sent queries on what types of intellectual resources they produce per year, how many intellectual resources they produce, if they are willing to distribute their intellectual properties to the industries, and what types of compensations they expect in returns. Secondly, 40 entrepreneurs were surveyed, who are potential consumers of the intellectual properties of universities. We sent queries on what types of intellectual resources they want, what types of compensations they are willing to provide in returns, and what are the main factors they considered to be important when searching for the intellectual properties. The implications of this survey are as follows. First, entrepreneurs are willing to utilize intellectual properties created by both professors and students. They are more interested in creative ideas in universities rather than the academic papers or educational class materials. Second, non-monetary rewards, such as participating internship program or job interview, can be the appropriate types of compensations to replace monetary rewards. The results of the survey showed that majority of the university students were willing to provide their intellectual properties without any monetary rewards to earn the industrial networks with companies. Also, the entrepreneurs were willing to provide non-monetary compensation and hoped to have networks with university students for recruiting. Thus, the non-monetary rewards are mutually beneficial for both sides. Thirdly, classifying intellectual resources of universities based on the academic areas are inappropriate for efficient searching. Also, the various types of intellectual resources cannot be categorized into one standard. This paper suggests of a new platform for the distribution of intellectual materials and human resources, with university-industry cooperation based on these survey results. The suggested platform contains the four major components such as knowledge schema, knowledge map, system interface, and GUI (Graphic User Interface), and it presents the overall system architecture.

The Customary Employment of So Dalguji(Ox-Cart) among the Old Generation in a Mountain Village and its implication (산간농촌 노년층의 소달구지 이용관행과 그 의미)

  • Son, Dae Won
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.42-55
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    • 2011
  • The basic approach of this study was to take the theory of cultural fluctuations to investigate the early modern and modern patterns of the use of ox carts and@ the social and economic appropriateness and cultural significance of ox carts. The study chose a village that was the only place that used ox carts in Bugye-myeon. The findings will help to understand how traditional cultural elements would continue or change according to the natural, geographical, economical, and cultural characteristics of a village. Located in Gaho-2-ri, Bugye-myeon, Gunwi-gun, Gyeongbuk Province, Dongrim Village started to use ox carts during the Japanese rule and replaced the traditional version with an improved one in 1972 when a reservoir was built. Until the 1970s, they used ox carts to carry agricultural products and luggage and to visit the markets in distant Bugye-myeon or Gunwi-eup. In the early 1980s when a cultivator was first introduced into the village, ox carts gradually disappeared in the village and eventually remained as a mere means of transportation. As the younger generations were active in introducing modern means of transportation, a cultivator became the main means of transportation in the village in the 1980s and a truck since the latter half of the 1990s. Despite those changes, however, the elderly in their seventies or older continued to use ox carts. With aged labor and inability to use modern means of transportation, they grew cows and oxen to cultivate the inclined fields and gain easy access to fields distributed in distant locations and continued to ox carts through reform. In Dongrim Village, the heritage of using reformed ox carts is the practice of appropriate technology by the old farmers and a cultural representation of an aged agricultural society. That is, the elderly recognized the appropriateness and practicality of traditional culture and renewed a traditional means of transportation called an ox cart. The phenomenon of the old men and women frequently using ox carts in an agricultural village in the mountain with geographical limitations has settled down as a cultural representation of the elderly in Dongrim Village. The continuing usage of ox carts in Dongrim Village is attributed to the fact that ox carts well suit the natural, geographical, and economic aspects of the village and the cultural inertia of the elderly with the aging of the farmers. Thus it is once again shown that human beings transmit and alter culture according to their overall situations and conditions.