• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2017

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of weight ball throw training as a preparatory exercise before golf practice for 8 weeks on back muscle strength, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance of amateur golfers. METHODS: A total of 18 subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=9) and the control group (n=9), respectively. For the experimental group, Weight ball throw training was provided to the height of waist and shoulder similar to golf swing with the following schedule: 3 kg weight ball throw training from the first week to the 4th week; 5 kg weight ball throw training from the 5th week to the 8th week. Before and after 8 weeks of training, back muscle strength, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance of subjects in the two groups were measured. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant differences in rotational back extension torque, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance during golf swing (p<.05). However, the control group only showed significant difference in driving distance during golf swing (p<.05). Back extension torque, weight shifting of lower body, and head speed of club showed significant differences between the two groups during golf swing (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Weight ball throw training can positively change rotational back muscle strength, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance of amateur golfers. Therefore, it might be used as an effective warming up exercise for amateur golfers.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.228-239
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• 1995

우리나라 800 ps급 쌍끌이 저인망어선에서 사용할 수 있도록 덴마크에서 이미 보편적으로 사용하고 있는 사용하고 있는 쌍끌이 중층 트롤 어구를 Tauti의 어구비교법칙과 예인수조의 크기 등을 고려하여 1/30의 크기로 축소 제작하여, 이 모형어구에 대한 기본 성능을 알아보기 위해 예인속도 0.46~1.15m/sec(실물환산 2~5k't), weight 142g(실물환산 640kg)에 Front weight 15.5~62.0g(실물환산 70~280kg) 및 양선간격 5~8m(실물환산 150~240m)의 변화에 따른 모형어구의 망고, 망폭, 예인장력, 예망수축 등을 측정 분석하여 실물로 환산한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 망고는 예인속도 2k't, Front weight 280kg, 양선간격 150m 일 때 32m로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 예인속도 5k't, Front weight 70kg, 양선간격 240m 일 때 6m로 낮게 나타났다. 2. 망폭은 예인속도 5k't, Front weight 70kg, 양선간격 240m 일 때 45m로 가장 넓게 나타났으며, 예인속도 2k't, Front weight 280kg, 양선간격 150m 일 때 33m로 가장 좁게 나타났다. 3. 예인장력은 예인속도 5k't, Front weight 280kg, 양선간격 240m일 때 10,000kg로 가장 크게 나타났으며, 예인속도 2k't, Front weight 70kg, 양선간격 150m 일 때 1,600kg로 가장 작게 나타났다. 4. 어구의 예망수층은 예인속도 2k't, Front weight 280kg, 양선간격 150m 일 때 38m로 가장 깊게 나타났으며, 예인속도 5k't, Front weight 70kg, 양선간격 240m 일 때 6m로 가장 얕게 나타났다. 5. 어구의 망구면적은 예인속도 2k't, Front weight 280kg, 양선간격 180m 일 때 1,100m 상(2)로 가장 크게 나타났으며, 예인속도 5k't, Front weight 70kg, 양선간격 240m 일 때 250m 상(2)로 가장 작게 나타났다

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.130-134
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• 1996

Background: This study was designed to determine the distance from skin to lumbar epidural space in obstetric parturients and whether weight, height, or PI (ponderal index, $kg/m^2$) might influence the epidural depth. Methods: 71 obstetric patients undergoing elective cesarean section during epidural anesthesia in L2-3 level were partitioned into groups according to their prepregnant BMI(body mass index), and in each group weight, height, PI, epidural depth were measured. Results: All patients were classified as underweight(n=18), normal(n=49), overweight(n=4) and no one was partitioned into obese group. the distance from skin to lumbar epidural space was found to be 3.7 cm(underweight), 4.1 cm(normal), 4.7 cm(over weight) and total mean distance was found to be 4.0 cm. The epidural depth had correlation with weight and height in underweight, and weight and PI in normal, but had no correlation with any measurements in overweight group. Conclusion: These results suggest body weight may be a useful parameter for predicting the distance from skin to lumbar epidural space in underweight and normal weight obstetric parturients.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

본 논문은 광대역 센싱을 수행하기 위한 방법으로 다중 협대역을 사용하여 한번에 센싱하는 방법을 제안한다. 센싱의 신뢰성을 높이기 위한 방안으로써 면허사용자와 CR사용자의 거리에 따른 가중치가 적용된 결합방식인(DWC : Distance based weight combining) 기법을 사용한 에너지 검출 기반 협력 스펙트럼 센싱을 제안하고 이에 따른 시스템 모델의 모의 실험 결과를 분석한다. 면허 사용자와 CR사용자 사이의 무선 채널은 가우시안 채널로 모델링하였다. 에너지 검출법을 위한 임계값은 각 채널의 SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio)에 따라 다르게 적용 되고, 각 채널의 잡음 신호의 평균값으로 가정한다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2020

Background: Exercise in the quadruped position is performed to improve body and shoulder stability. This study examined the muscle activity of the trunk muscles according to the distance of the weight shift when lifting one leg in the quadruped position. Methods: Ten healthy 20 to 40 years old males were tested as subjects. All subjects moved their body weight to 0, 5, and 10cm on the opposite side of the leg lifter while maintaining the quadruped position. The surface electrodes recorded the electromyography data during the one leg lifting. Results: As the weight shift distance was increased, there was a significant difference in muscle activity of both serratus anterior, multifidus and internal oblique muscles (p<.05). Left and right serratus anterior and right internal oblique were most activated when weight shift distance was 0cm (p<.05). Conclusion: Shoulder and lumbar stabilization exercises should be applied in the absence of a weight shift distance during quadruped exercise.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.781-788
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• 2011

Sphere-packing problem은 주어진 공간에 가능한 한 많은 구(sphere)를 채울 수 있는 배열을 찾는 문제이고 covering problem은 이에 쌍대적인 최적화의 문제로 코딩이론에 적용된다. 본 논문에서는 이진 코드이론에서의 가중치(weight)와 해밍거리(Hamming distance)에 대한 개념을 부울 대수(Boolean algebra)의 개념으로 일반화한다. 부울 대수에서의 가중치와 이를 이용하여 거리함수를 정의하고, 이들의 기본적인 성질들을 밝힌다. 또한, 부울 대수에서의 sphere-packing bound와 Gilbert-Varshamov bound의 정리를 증명한다.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2012

This paper proposes a new method to improve performance of AdaBoost by using a distance weight function to increase the accuracy of its machine learning processes. The proposed distance weight algorithm improves classification in areas where the original binary classifier is weak. This paper derives the new algorithm's optimal solution, and it demonstrates how classifier accuracy can be improved using the proposed Distance Sensitive AdaBoost in a simulation experiment of pedestrian detection.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze muscle function and EMG of the trunk and the lower extremity in short and long distance athletes and in order to determine difference in peak torque per unit weight, muscle power per unit weight, endurance ratio, and %MVIC classified by muscle. For that purpose, isokinetic muscle function tests for waist, knee, and ankle joints and EMG measurements for the trunk and the lower extremity muscle with running motion were conducted for 7 short and long distance high school athletes respectively. The study over muscle function of waist, knee, and ankle joints indicates that peak torque per unit weight of short distance athletes is higher than that of long distance athletes in extension and flexion of waist joint, plantar flexion of right ankle joint, and dorsi flexion of left ankle joint. In case of the muscle power per unit weight of short distance athletes is also higher than long distance athletes in waist, knee, and ankle joints. No difference in endurance ratio of waist, knee, and ankle joints between the two groups was founded. The results of the test over EMG of the trunk and the lower extremity show that %MVIC of erector spinae, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and tibialis anterior is higher than that of long distance athletes in support phase. The above results proved to be the same in flight phase except for %MVIC of medial gastrocnemius. In other words, %MVIC of medial gastrocnemius for short distance athletes turned out to be higher than that of long distance athletes in flight phase.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.105-108
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• 1998

Backgrounds: Cervical epidural nerve block is useful in the management of a variety of acute, chronic and cancer related pain syndromes involving the head, face, neck and upper extrimity. To safely perfom the cervical epidural block, an appreciation of the expected distance from skin to epidural space is important. We studied the distance from skin to cervical epidural space of adults to determine if any relationship exists between patient height, weight and neck circumference and the distance from skin to epidural space. Methods: Patients 170, suffering from neck and upper extremity pain with cervical HIVD(herniated intervertebral dics) were selected. Cervical epidural block was performed at $C_{6\sim7}$ or $C_{7-}T_1$ intervertebral space. Then measured the distance from skin to epidural space and analysed the relationship between age, height, weight and neck circumference and the distance from skin to epidural space. Results: The cervical epidural depth of male $C_{6\sim7}$, male $C_{7-}T_1$, female $C_{6\sim7}$ and female $C_{7-}T_1$ groups were $5.17{\pm}0.63$, $5.47{\pm}0.59$, $4.84{\pm}0.56$ and $5.01{\pm}0.60$ cm respectively. Cervical epidural depth significantly correlated with body weight, ponderal index and neck circumference. Conclusions: The distance from skin to cervical epidural space has significant relationships with weight, ponderal index and neck circumference. Although experience is important, patient's weight and neck circumference are indicating factor, of the cervical epidural depth.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2012

화자 분할 기술은 오디오 데이터로부터 자동적으로 화자 경계 구간을 검출하는 것이다. 화자 분할 방식은 화자에 대한 선행 지식 사용 여부에 따라 거리기반 방식과 모델기반 방식으로 나누어진다. 본 논문에서는 eigenvoice 기반의 화자가중치 거리를 이용한 화자 분할 방식을 도입하고, 이 방식을 대표적인 거리 기반 방식들과 비교한다. 또한, 화자가중치의 거리 측정 함수로 유클리드 거리와 cosine 유사도를 사용하여 화자 분할 성능을 비교하고, eigenvoice 방식에 의해 화자 적응된 모델들 사이의 직접적인 거리를 이용한 화자 분할 방식과의 비교를 통해 화자가중치 거리를 이용한 방식이 계산량면에서 효율적인 점을 검증한다.