• 대한응급의학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.641-648
• /
• 2018

Objective: This study examined the incidence and amount of air inflow during central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. Methods: This study was an experimental study aimed at designing an apparatus to implement blood vessel and blood flow in the human body. A 1.5-m long core tube with a Teflon tube, suction rubber tube, and polyvinyl chloride tube were made. This core tube was assumed to be the blood vessel of the human body. Blood was replaced with a saline solution. The saline solution was placed higher than the core tube and flowed into the inside of the tube by gravity. The CVC was injected 15-cm deep into the core tube. The air was collected through a 3-way valve into the upper tube. The experiments were carried out by differentiating the pressure in the tube, CVC insertion step, and diameter of the end of the catheter. The experiment was repeated 10 times under the same conditions. Results: The amount of air decreased with increasing pressure applied to the tube. Air was not generated when the syringe needle was injected, and the amount of air increased with increasing size of the distal end catheter. Conclusion: To minimize the possibility of air embolism, it is necessary to close the distal end catheter at the earliest point as soon as possible.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제61권4호
• /
• pp.604-610
• /
• 2023

주변 조건에서 N₂를 환원하여 NH₃를 생성하는 전기 촉매 질소 환원 반응(nitrogen reduction reaction, NRR)은 산업공정에서 에너지 소비를 감소시킬 수 있는 유망한 기술로 주목을 받고 있다. N₂를 흡착하고 활성화할 수 있는 촉매 금속 표면 중 많이 사용되는 Ni(100) 표면의 여러 사이트(site)의 흡착 성능을 밀도 함수 이론 계산(density-functional theory)를 기반으로 비교하였다. 또한 안정적인 NRR반응의 경로를 유도하는 N₂의 두 가지 흡착 구조를 조사하였고 end-on 구조는 top site에 흡착, distal pathway로 반응이 진행되고 side-on 구조는 bridge site에 흡착되며 enzymatic pathway로 반응이 진행되었다. 마지막으로 구조 별 가장 안정한 메커니즘의 깁스 자유에너지를 구하여 반응의 경향성을 알아봄으로써 NRR 반응의 금속 촉매 표면 흡착에 대한 연구에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.220-226
• /
• 2007

목적: 원위 쇄골 골절은 근위부나 중간부 쇄골 골절과는 다른 생역학적 구조를 가져서 지연유합과 불유합이 많이 발생한다. 원위 쇄골 불유합 치료에 대한 연구보고는 거의 없는 상태이다. 저자들은 원위 쇄골 골절 불유합에 대한 관혈적 정복 및 골이식의 수술적 치료 후 좋은 결과를 얻었기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 8월부터 2006년 5월까지 원위 쇄골 불유합으로 수술 치료받은 8예를 대상으로 하였으며, 평균 연령은 38.9($21{\sim}62$세)세였고, 지배 수지 6예였다. 수상 초기 수술적 치료 후 발생한 불유합이 4예, 보존적 치료 후 발생한 불유합이 4예였고, 불유합 기간은 수상 후 평균 1년 5개월이었다. 전 예에서 자가장골 이식술 및 내고정술을 시행하였고, 내고정물은 금속판이 7예, 긴장대 강선 고정술이 1예였다. 결과: 평균 추시 기간은 14개월이었고, 방사선학적 골유합은 전 예에서 평균 8주에 관찰할 수 있었다. 최종 추시상 견관절의 운동범위는 모두 정상 소견이었고, Kona 등의 평가표에 의한 기능적 평가에서 7예에서 우수한 결과를, 1예에서 양호한 결과를 얻었다. 결론: 원위 쇄골 골절 불유합에 대한 수술적 치료는 조기 재활이 가능하고 견고한 골유합을 얻을 수 있어 추천할 만한 치료 방법으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.375-379
• /
• 2009

원위부 대동맥궁에 발생한 대동맥류에 대한 수술을 위해서는 정중흉골 절개술 또는 측방개흉을 통한 수술방법이 있으나 문합 부위의 시야 확보가 용이하지 않은 경우가 자주 있다. 수술 대신 중재시술로 스텐트 그라프트를 삽입하는 방법 또한 가능하지만 동맥류보다 근위부에 충분한 고정 거리를 확보하기 위해서 대동맥궁 분지 일부를 결찰하고 우회로를 조성해야 할 필요가 있다는 제한이 있다. 저자들은 이들 방법의 장점을 취하고자 정중흉골절개술 후 완전 순환 정지 상태에서 대동맥궁을 치환하는 수술 중 외과적 문합 대신 스텐트 그라프트를 이용하여 인조혈관 원위부를 고정하는 방법을 취하여 양호한 결과를 얻은 경험을 보고한다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 2022

This study is about the story of 'Saemi', existing in the Sacheon Alluvial fan area. Saemi is a local word for Dumbeong, which is the traditional water irrigation facilities in this area that could be formed according to the geographical characteristics of a Alluvial fan site. In the meantime, although Saemi has been an important source of water, related research has been mainly done from an ecological point of view. Accordingly, the researcher paid attention to the functional aspects of Saemi itself, grasped its location, distribution status, and usage including the construction method, and considered its intrinsic value through classification and characteristic analysis of Saemi. As a result of five field surveys from September 2021 to October 2022, 129 Saemies remained in the Sacheon alluvial fan area. According to the structure and shape, Saemi could be divided into basic type, complex type, and buried type. The basic type was subdivided into bucket-type and stairs-type along with the complex type, and the buried type was subdivided into all buried-type and some buried-type. Saemies were mainly distributed at the distal end of the Sacheon alluvial fan site, individual Saemies were built on farmland, and common Saemies were usually built along roadsides adjacent to villages. The reason why the Saemies are concentrated at the distal end is the geographical characteristics of the alluvial fan where the water underflows. Saemi was an important multifunctional water supply source equivalent to the main water source for people at the distal end of the pond who did not receive a stable supply of water from the reservoir. Saemi was at the center of the underground water irrigation network agricultural system in the Sacheon alluvial fan area according to the principles of 'bbaeim(drop out)' and 'gaepim(pooling)' It has provided a foundation for establishing itself as an appropriate technology in this area. Such Saemi contributed to the rural landscape and agricultural biodiversity through its own system and served as a public interest function. It is necessary to know, conserve, manage, and continuously utilize the value of this Saemi as an agricultural heritage.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.69-73
• /
• 1982

The phages of Bacillus subtilis SNU 816 were observed by electron microscope with their host. The results are as follows; The phage had hexagonal head, contractile tail sheath and base plate with six tail fibers. During the lysis of bacteria due to attack of phage, dissolution of flagella were initiated from distal end of flagella.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제23권10호
• /
• pp.121-125
• /
• 2006

In this paper, results are presented by nonlinear finite element simulations in order to analy the interactions between the stent and artery or plaque. Maximum of von Mises stress was calculated in the contacting areas between the stent and the artery. The simulated results show that the distal end of stent, which tilts after expansion, may injure the artery wall. In conclusion, this study may help designing new stents.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.438-442
• /
• 1986

The case of a 40-year-old male with symptom related to a anomalous right subclavian artery [dysphagia lusorium] combined with thymoma is described. He was treated by removal of the thymoma and resection of the retroesophageal right subclavian artery with anastomosis of its distal end to the ascending aortic arch by Gore-Tex. This procedure relieved the dysphagia and provided the right arm with normal arterial circulation.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.143-145
• /
• 2008

The first known males of the spider Alloclubionoides ovatus (Paik, 1976) from Korea are described with detailed illustrations, spination of each leg and trichobothrium patterns. Males have a large conductor expanded curvedly 'p'-shaped with thin membrane of distal end surrounded the linear embolus and slender embolus penetrating tegulum.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제41권6호
• /
• pp.429-431
• /
• 2007

Although the ventriculo-peritoneal shunt is the treatment of choice when hydrocephalus should be corrected, the ventriculo-atrial shunt still holds strong alternative when the peritonium is precluded due to the several reasons. During the ventriculo-atrial shunt operation, it is not always easy to dissect and find the corresponding venous structures. In this technical note, the author describes a simple method of percutaneous insertion for placement of the atrial end.