• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.77-77
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• 2016

Thin films synthesized by plasma processes have been widely applied in a variety of industrial sectors. The structure control of thin film is one of prime factor in most of these applications. It is well known that the structure of this film is closely associated with plasma parameters and species of plasma which are electrons, ions, radical and neutrals in plasma processes. However the precise control of structure by plasma process is still limited due to inherent complexity, reproducibility and control problems in practical implementation of plasma processing. Therefore the study on the fundamental physical properties that govern the plasmas becomes more crucial for molecular scale control of film structure and corresponding properties for new generation nano scale film materials development and application. The thin films are formed through nucleation and growth stages during thin film depostion. Such stages involve adsorption, surface diffusion, chemical binding and other atomic processes at surfaces. This requires identification, determination and quantification of the surface activity of the species in the plasma. Specifically, the ions and neutrals have kinetic energies ranging from ~ thermal up to tens of eV, which are generated by electron impact of the polyatomic precursor, gas phase reaction, and interactions with the substrate and reactor walls. The present work highlights these aspects for the controlled and low-temperature plasma enhanced chemical vapour disposition (PECVD) of Si-based films like crystalline Si (c-Si), Si-quantum dot, and sputtered crystalline C by the design and control of radicals, plasmas and the deposition energy. Additionally, there is growing demand on the low-temperature deposition process with low hydrogen content by PECVD. The deposition temperature can be reduced significantly by utilizing alternative plasma concepts to lower the reaction activation energy. Evolution in this area continues and has recently produced solutions by increasing the plasma excitation frequency from radio frequency to ultra high frequency (UHF) and in the range of microwave. In this sense, the necessity of dedicated experimental studies, diagnostics and computer modelling of process plasmas to quantify the effect of the unique chemistry and structure of the growing film by radical and plasma control is realized. Different low-temperature PECVD processes using RF, UHF, and RF/UHF hybrid plasmas along with magnetron sputtering plasmas are investigated using numerous diagnostics and film analysis tools. The broad outlook of this work also outlines some of the 'Grand Scientific Challenges' to which significant contributions from plasma nanoscience-related research can be foreseen.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.67-81
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate between low back pain scale and disability index owing to gait pattern. For the period of February 1 to February 29, 2004, we had conducted a questionnaire and direct interview with 100 persons lived in Daejeon. The result were as follows: 1. The stride length of experimental group, the male was $49.9{\pm}12.9cm$, the female $45.7{\pm}12.9cm$ and the width of feet. the male was $13.5{\pm}5.7cm$, the female $12.2{\pm}4.8cm$. 2. The Fick angle of all subjects was showed in external disposition, the left angle showed in asymmetry, the male was $11.0{\pm}5.7^{\circ}$, the female $8.5{\pm}1.3^{\circ}$. 3. The foot arch was similar to sex as a weight bearing and non-weight bearing, the male was $1.3{\pm}0.8cm$, the female $1.3{\pm}0.9cm$. 4. The impedimental index according to back pain grade, men was a lower than women, the male was $5.7{\pm}6.9$ and the female $7.2{\pm}5.3$. 5. The relation to difference between foot arch and disability index according to back pain grade as a weight bearing and non-weight bearing, the higher foot arch, the higher back pain grade was statistically significance(p<.05). 6. The relation between width of feet and disability index according to back pain grade, the wider width of feet, the higher back pain grade was statistically significance(p<.01). 7. The relation between stride length and disability index according to back pain grade, the wider stride length, the higher back pain grade was statistically significance (p<.05).

• 영재교육연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.265-292
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• 2008

본 연구는 학부모의 양육태도에 따른 영재교육에 대한 인식도를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 도시지역 3군데 J시, G시, I시와 농촌지역 4군데 J군, M군, 0군, I군에 소재한 공립유치원에 재학 중인 유치원생의 학부모 289명을 대상으로 학부모 양육태도가 애정적, 거부적, 자율적, 통제적인지를 분류하고 애정적-거부적, 자율적-통제적의 두 대립 성향에 따라 영재교육에 대한 인식도를 조사하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 영재아를 위한 부모교육을 활성화하고 거부적 양육태도를 가진 부모들이 자녀에게 충분한 애정을 느낄 수 있도록 해 주고, 자녀에게 자유로운 표현과 스스로 탐구하는 기회를 제공하고 자녀에 대해 허용감을 주고 완전히 수용해 주는 양육태도를 가지도록 하는 것이 중요하다. 둘째, 아동 개개인이 가지고 있는 각 분야의 영재성을 파악할 수 있는 전문적 소양과 자질을 갖춘 각 분야의 전문가 양성이 필요하다. 셋째, 연구소 성격의 전문 영재교육기관의 설립이 필요하다. 넷째, 국가적 차원에서 영재교육을 위해 무상교육 실시, 국립 영재교육기관 설립 확대, 영재교육 연구를 위한 연구소 설치 및 영재교육 전문가 육성, 각 영재교육관에 연구비 지원 등이 조속히 이루어져야 겠다는 결론을 얻었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2002

총 식이섬유 함량과 에너지 수준을 동일하게 조정한 보리첨가식이 및 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량을 높인 농축획분 첨가식이가 간에서의 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 시험하였다. 체중을 고려한 간무게 결과는 콜레스테롤 투여로 증가되는 것으로 나타났으며 보리 및 ${\beta}-glucan$ 투여에 의한 차이는 없었다. Control군과 fiber-free군의 간에서는 normal(cholesterol-free)군의 간과는 달리 콜레스테롤 첨가로 인하여 심한 지질 침착이 관찰되었다. 반면 보리첨가군의 경우 동량의 콜레스테롤을 섭취하였으나 지질 침착이 거의 없거나 미약하여 normal 간과 유사한 형태였다. 간의 단위무게당 콜레스테롤과 중성지방 농도는 보리 ${\beta}-glucan$ 농축획분을 첨가한 N glucan(5%)와 W glucan(5%)군에서 각각 대조군의 50%와 60%이하 수준으로 현저하게 감소하였다. 식이섬유 함량이 10%가 되도록 찰보리 농축획분의 양을 증가시킨 W glucan(10%)군의 간 콜레스테롤 저하효과는 더욱 현저하였다. 따라서 0.5%의 콜레스테롤을 첨가하고 5%와 10%의 식이섬유를 보리로부터 공급했을 때 변으로 배설된 콜레스테롤과 중성지방을 보상하기 위한 간에서의 생합성 증가는 일어나지 않고 오히려 간의 콜레스테롤과 중성지방 함량이 현저히 낮아지고 간에 지질 침착이 일어나지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 인문언어
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.141-157
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• 2001

In his discussion of some desirable tuning points in comparative literary studies, Henry H. H. Remark has emphasized the importance of literary approach to other forms of art. Understanding the significance of such a method of comparative literature, the present study focusses on three contemporary Korean poets who have transferred Mark Chagall′s paintings into their poetry: Youngtae Kim, Chunsoo Kim, and Sunghun Lee. They are usually evaluated as surrealist/modernist in our literary circles. In transforming Chagall′s paintings into his poems, Youngtae Kim has incorporated a variety of surrealist mosaic techniques such as montage and collage. The resultant peculiarity of his poetry makes it hard to lay bare the correspondence or similarities between his poetic world and the world of Chagall′s artistry. It is nonetheless possible to see how Kim, as a poet and painter, had interpreted Chagall′s world with a bird′s-eye view of it. Chunsoo Kim′s "Snow Falling on the Village of Chagall" relates specially to one of Chagall′s paintings, "I and My Village." The present study has taken notice of this correlation in sorting out some basic elements of poetic transfiguration. One of the techniques employed in the poem under discussion is that of juxtaposing the Russian village of Chagall and the Korean village the poet visualizes, with the effect of putting two national traditions in contrast. A reading of the poem reveals that it is not so much the result of a detailed analysis of the painting as a revival of its lingering impression as a whole. In Sunghun Lee′s poetry, surrealist techniques are again a hallmark. But his method of transferring the images of the paintings into his poems falls somewhere between those of Youngtae Kim′s and Chunsoo Kim′s: it is akin to the ′bird′s-eye method′ of the former and shares the impressionistic touch with the latter, but at the same time Lee is analytical by disposition and opts for concrete descriptions. ′Love,′ ′farm,′ and ′time′ are the keywords that are brought under discussion in the present study. There is a growing demand in the current international comparative literary studies for broadening the area of comparative literature. This study hopes to be a small contribution to endorsing the importance of comparative approach to fine arts.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1999

Since Radix Stemonae was recorded hypothennal and a little toxic in the 'Myngyubelrok (名醫別錄)', it has been recorded as having the same nature in many herbal books. However, the security of Radix Stemonae when used to treat respiratory disease over a long term has not been studied until now. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the effects of Radix Stemonae on the main organs if Radix Stemonae is administrated over a long term. In order to investigate the histological changes of the liver and kidneys of rats after oral administration of Radix Stemonae extract, the experimental rats were subdivided into control, 1, 3, 5, 7, 21, 28 and 35 days after administration groups, and 10 rats per group were used in this study. The control group was sufficiently supplied with water and solid forage. The other groups were administrated the reagent at 5mg/kg once a day by oral injection. Several times each day, the experimental groups were carefully observed for any changes of general condition, toxic symptoms, activity, appearance and the number of dead rats. The experimental groups were weighed and narcotized. For the histological observation, the tissues of liver and kidneys of the experimental groups were collected, stained by hematoxylin-eosin stain, and evaluated by observing the changes of gross appearance and by observing microscopic findings. 1. This drug, during the experimental term, did not induce any toxicological effect in mortality, abnormal symptoms or changes of body weight except for the 1 day after administration groups whose body weights were decreased, compared to the control group. 2. No gross changes of the liver and kidneys were observed in this study. 3. No histological changes of the liver were detected in 1 day after administration groups. However, dilation of the central vein was observed in 3, 5 and 7 days after administration groups and chronic passive congestion of the liver was demonstrated in the 21 days after administration groups. In the 28 and 35 days after administration groups, a centrolobular disposition of fatty tissue (adipose cell) was observed. 4. No histological changes of the kidneys were observed in this study. It is evaluated that if Radix Stemonae is administrated for a long term, it induces toxicity in the liver. So, to examine the toxicity of Radix Stemonae on the liver and kidney, it is necessary that the studies of biochemistry and electron microscopic findings about Radix Stemonae be systematically performed.

• Strategy21
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• 통권44호
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• pp.213-253
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• 2018

The Russo-Japanese War(1904-1905) in the early 20th century greatly influenced the international politics in Northeast Asia and the destiny of both countries. There are many studies on the cause of the outbreak and its effect on the Korean peninsula. The victory and defeat of the battle of Tsushima also the subject of research by renowned scholars and navy officers. Many previous studies have analyzed the process of engagement. However, There was a lack of research that analyzed at the tactical level of naval commanders. Therefore, this study tries to review the battle of Tsushima in terms of tactical level, that is formation, maneuvering, damage control. Naval operations at sea with many variables are not always done as planned. The intuitive judgement and readiness have had a decisive impact on victory and defeat. The analysis of the naval warfare on the basis of formation, maneuvering, and damage control makes the cause of the win more clearly. The conclusion of the this study can be summarized in five ways. First, victory would be achieved through the suppression of the beginning. The destiny of the Tsushima battle was determined by an 1 hour after first firing. The Japanese fleet caught fire by paralyzing the command and control capabilities of the Russian fleet. Second, the Japanese fleet's power was superior to the Russian fleet. In general, Japan and Russia had similar powers, and Admiral Togo's "T crossing tactics" decisively contributed the victory. However, when compared to the weapon system level, formation and maneuvering, Japan was much more dominant. Third, people realized that one side to be annihilated in the battle between similar powers after the Tsushima battle. The common perception before the Battle of Tsushima was that the battle ship would not sunken, and that the result of wiping out was difficult. However, there is s time for one sided victory and defeat depending on the early suppression nad the destruction of the command and control ability. Fourth, it is the importance of damage control ability. The main cause of the Russian fleet's loss of command and control ability was thick smoke from fire, and maneuverability was greatly deteriorated due to coal overload. In this way, importance is still valid after more than 100 tears. Fifth, the area of uncertainty. In the navy battles, one or two shots of clear firing in the beginning and small misconception and minor mistakes decide win or loss. Ultimately, this area of fortune can be linked to mindset of the commander. I hope this research will be help to naval researchers and naval commanders at the sea.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.399-420
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• 2018

본 연구는 파리협정의 효과적인 이행을 위한 국내 환경정책이 어업분야에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 수협 수산경제연구원의 어업경영조사 자료를 바탕으로 근해어업의 어획물 생산과 이산화탄소가 동시에 산출된다는 가정 하에 근해어업의 비용구조를 분석하였다. 근해어업의 이산화탄소($CO_2$) 배출량은 수협의 면세유 공급량 자료(2003~2016)를 활용하여 도출하였다. Translog 형태의 비용함수를 추정하였으며, 분석에는 SUR(Seemingly Unrelated Regression)모형을 사용하였다. 비용함수 추정결과 표본기간동안의 어획량과 $CO_2$ 배출량 사이에 약처분성이 존재하는 것으로 나타났으며, 한계저감비용(MAC)은 연평균 1,457원으로 추산되었다. 또한 같은 기간 동안 마력당 1%의 $CO_2$를 저감하고자 할 때 MAC는 2.2% 상승하고, 어획량 1ton당 1%의 $CO_2$를 저감하고자 할 때 MAC는 1.4% 상승하는 것으로 각각 분석되었다.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권39호
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• pp.393-412
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• 2015

사람의 이미지를 보고 느끼는 감성인식은 환경, 개인적 성향에 따라 다양하게 변화한다. 그리하여 이미지 감성인식을 숫자로 제어하려는 감성컴퓨터 연구에 집중되고 있다. 그렇지만 기존의 감성컴퓨팅 모형은 숫자화된 객관적이고, 명확한 측정이 미흡한 상황이다. 따라서 이미지 감성인식을 감성컴퓨팅을 통해 정량화하고, 객관적인 평가 방식의 연구가 필요한 상황이다. 이에 본 논문은 이미지 감성인식을 계산 방식에 따라 숫자화한 정량화로 감성크기를 표현했다. 그리하여 이미지 감성인식의 주요한 속성인 색채를 구성인자로 적용한다. 또한 디지털 색채 감성컴퓨팅을 적용하여 계산하는데 연구의 중점을 두었다. 이미지 색채 감성컴퓨팅 연구방식은 감성속성인 색상, 명도, 채도에 중요도에 따른 가중치를 감성점수에 반영한다. 그리고 감성점수를 이미지 감성계산식에 적용하여 쾌정도(X축), 긴장도(Y축)를 숫자 방식으로 계산한다. 거기에 쾌정도(X축), 긴장도(Y축)의 교차하는 위치점을 이미지 감성좌표의 감성점으로 위치한다. 이미지 색채 감성좌표는 러셀의 핵심 효과(Core Affect)를 적용하여 16가지 주요대표감성을 기반으로 한다. 이미지 감성점은 기준의 위치에서 대표감성크기와 감성상관관계를 숫자화하고, 이미지 감성을 정량화한다. 그리하여 이미지 감성인식은 숫자 크기로 비교한다. 감성점수의 대소에 따라 감성이 변화함을 증명한다. 비교 방식은 이미지 감성인식을 16개 대표감성과 연관된 감성의 상위 5위로 구분하고, 집중된 대표감성크기를 비교 분석한다. 향후 감성컴퓨팅 방식이 사람의 감성인식과 더 유사할 수 있도록 감성계산식의 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2018

최근 대다수 온라인 기업들이 고객의 개인정보에 기반한 맞춤형 서비스를 제공하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 하지만 고객들은 정보 유출에 대한 우려로 개인정보 제공을 꺼리고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이에 따라 기업들은 개인정보보호 인증마크 획득, 개인정보유출 배상책임보험 가입을 통해 고객들에게 개인정보보호를 보장함으로써 신뢰를 높이고자 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이러한 기업의 개인정보보호 활동이 소비자 행위에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 한다. 가상의 시나리오를 바탕으로 한 실험 연구 결과, 기업의 개인정보보호 인증마크 획득 혹은 개인정보유출 배상책임보험 가입이 프라이버시 신뢰를 높여주는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 개인정보보호 인증마크의 경우, 프라이버시 신뢰를 매개로 개인정보 제공의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 마지막으로 신뢰 성향이 높은(낮은) 집단의 경우에는 개인정보보호 인증마크(개인정보유출 배상책임보험)를 통해 보다 높은 신뢰가 형성되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 개인정보보호 인증마크와 개인정보유출 배상책임보험의 필요성을 입증함으로써 기업 경영진의 정보보호 투자 관련 의사결정에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.