• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

A series of experiments using transparent micromodels with an artificial pore network etched on glass plates was performed to investigate the effects of flow rate on the migration and distribution of resident wetting porewater (deionized water) and injecting non-wetting fluid (n-hexane). Multicolored images transformed from real RGB images were used to distinguish n-hexane from porewater and pore structure. Hexane flooding followed by immiscible displacement with porewater, migration through capillary fingering, preferential flow and bypassing were observed during injection experiments. The areal displacement efficiency increases as the injection of n-hexane continues until the equilibrium reaches. Experimental results showed that the areal displacement efficiency at equilibrium increases as the flow rate increases. Close observation reveals that preferential flowpaths through larger pore bodies and throats and clusters of entrapped porewater were frequently created at lower flow rate. At higher flow rate, randomly oriented forward and lateral flowpaths of n-hexane displaces more porewater at an efficiency close to stable displacement. It may resulted from that the pore pressure of n-hexane, at higher flow rate, increases fast enough to overcome capillary pressure acting on smaller pore throats as well larger ones. Experimental results in this study may provide fundamental information on migration and distribution of immiscible fluids in subsurface porous media.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.349-350
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• 2008

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.481-496
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• 2024

Internal erosion around pipes can lead to the failure of earth dams through various mechanisms. This study investigates the displacement patterns in earth dam models under three different failure modes due to internal erosion, using digital image correlation (DIC) methods. Three failure modes—erosion along a pipe (FM1), pipe leakage leading to soil erosion (FM2), and erosion in a pipe due to defects (FM3)—are analyzed using two- and three-dimensional image- processing techniques. The internal displacement of the cross-sectional area and the surface displacement of the downstream slope in the dam models are monitored using an image acquisition system. Physical model tests reveal that FM1 exhibits significant displacement on the upper surface of the downstream slope, FM2 shows focused displacement around the pipe defect, and FM3 demonstrates increased displacement on the upstream slope. The variations in internal and surface displacements with time depend on the segmented area and failure mode. Analyzing the relationships between internal and surface displacements using Pearson correlation coefficients reveals various displacement patterns for the segmented areas and failure modes. Therefore, the image-based characterization methods presented in this study may be useful for analyzing the displacement distribution and behavior of earth dams around pipes, and further, for understanding and predicting their failure mechanisms.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집(I)
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• pp.620-625
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• 2002

In this study, the simulated cyclic train loading test was carried out in order to investigate the dynamic behavior in/at the block type reinforced earth retaining wall. The results in this test were compared with unreinforced and reinforced case, respectively. It was shown that we confirmed the correlation between earth pressure and displacement, the confining effect of wall displacement by the effect of geogrid.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2017

교량은 사회간접시설물의 핵심이 되는 도로의 주요 시설물이므로 공용기간 동안 안정성과 사용성이 확보될 수 있도록 건설되며, 교량의 안전성 확보를 위하여 현재 상태에서 건전성을 평가하는 것은 유지관리 업무에서 중요한 과제이다. 일반적으로 교량의 내하력 평가를 위해 차량재하시험을 통하여 횡분배율을 측정함으로써 교량의 중첩거동 및 대칭거동을 확인할 수 있다. 그러나 공용중인 교량의 횡분배율을 측정하기 위하여 정적재하시험을 수행하고 있으며 교통통제의 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 동적재하시험 및 상시진동시험에서 측정된 교량의 변위응답 데이터를 경험적 모드분해기법을 이용하여 정적 성분의 변위를 추출하였다. 추출된 정적 성분의 변위를 이용하여 횡분배율을 추정하였으며, 정적재하시험에서 측정된 횡분배율과 비교하였다.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.97-106
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• 1991

본 연구의 목적은 휨거동을 하는 철근콘크리트 부재의 변위를 해석적으로 정확하게 구하기 위해 평균 휨균열간격 및 휨모멘트-등가곡률 관계(M-$\Phi_eg$)의 해석법을 제안한 것이다. 제안식은 비균열 구간에서의 철근과 콘크리트 간의 부착특성 및 재료의 소성영역을 고려하여 정확한 곡률분포를 계산함으로써 구할 수 있다. 제안된 해석법의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 34개의 철근콘크리트 보 부재를 제작, 휨재하 실험을 실시하였으며 해석치와 비교검토하였다. 그 결과 실험치와 해석치는 매우 잘 일치하여 본 해석법의 실용성 및 정확성이 입증되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2014

The present study deals with two dimensional electro-elastic analysis of a functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) cylinder under internal pressure. Energy method and first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) are employed for this purpose. All mechanical and electrical properties except Poisson ratio are considered as a power function along the radial direction. The cylinder is subjected to uniform internal pressure. By supposing two dimensional displacement and electric potential fields along the radial and axial direction, the governing differential equations can be derived in terms of unknown electrical and mechanical functions. Homogeneous solution can be obtained by imposing the appropriate mechanical and electrical boundary conditions. This proposed solution has capability to solve the cylinder structure with arbitrary boundary conditions. The previous solutions have been proposed for the problem with simple boundary conditions (simply supported cylinder) by using the routine functions such as trigonometric functions. The axial distribution of the axial displacement, radial displacement and electric potential of the cylinder can be presented as the important results of this paper for various non homogeneous indexes. This paper evaluates the effect of a local support on the distribution of mechanical and electrical components. This investigation indicates that a support has important influence on the distribution of mechanical and electrical components rather than a cylinder with ignoring the effect of the supports. Obtained results using present method at regions that are adequate far from two ends of the cylinder can be compared with previous results (plane elasticity and one dimensional first order shear deformation theories).

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2017

터널설계 및 시공 안정성을 확보하기 위해서는 필수적인 조건은 터널구간에 대한 세부적인 지반조사분석이다. 이러한 지반조사의 중요성은 터널구간에 단층파쇄대 분포와 규모 그리고 지하수 분포에 대한 분석을 위해 필요하다. 그러나 터널구간의 지형조건과 민원 등의 제한조건으로 터널설계시 지반조사를 수행하는데 어려운 경우에는 최소한의 조사를 수행한 결과를 활용하여 터널설계를 수행한다. 따라서 이러한 경우 터널 시공 중 단층파쇄대가 발생하는 경우에는 터널안정성 확보를 위해서 설계변경을 수행하여 보강공법을 결정하게 된다. 터널굴착면에 대한 보강시 가장 중요한 것은 신속한 보강을 수행하여 터널안정성을 확보하는 것인데 특히 굴착면에 지하수 용출이 발생하는 경우에는 더욱 신속한 보강이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 터널굴착면에 단층파쇄대가 존재하고 있고 굴착 후 단층파쇄대로 인하여 변위가 발생한 상태에서 지하수 용출량이 급증한 경우의 붕락사례를 중심으로 단계별 거동특성을 분석하였다. 본 연구대상 터널은 1단계 변위가 수렴되지 않고 지속적으로 발생하여 보강조치를 하였고 그 이후 지하수 용출량의 증가로 인해 변위가 수렴되지 않고 2단계 변위가 발생하여 추가보강 작업중 3단계 변위발생 과정 중 지표면 함몰붕락이 발생한 것으로 분석되었다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2015

This research is a comparison of the characteristics of the displacement isolines due to powder-die-wall friction that arise during the compaction of ceramic powders in conventional die. It has been done using the CosmosWorks software package of the SolidWorks simulation software. The results of comparative simulation with FEM showed that the comparison of the displacement isolines and distribution of deformation of the ceramic powders. In the case of conventional uniaxial dry compaction for long length cylindrical green compact, considerable bending of the layers in the form of a cone can be observed. It is symmetry along centerline of cylindrical green compact. The distributions of the deformation of the green compacts (diameter 14 mm, height 20 mm) as a result of conventional compaction under ultrasonic vibration with power 1 and 2 kW are reduced to 4% and 6.5% when compared with conventional compaction without ultrasonic vibration respectively. Thus, density distribution can be minimized by increasing the power of ultrasonic vibration.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2009

Thermal displacement of high speed spindle is very important problem to be solved. To solve heat generation and thermal displacement problems that influence on the product accuracy, it is very important to predict thermal characteristics of the spindle and it is positively necessary to select the conditions of cooling, flow rate and preload of bearings. In this paper, 30,000rpm($1.455{\times}10^6DmN$) spindle was designed and produced. The analysis of thermal deformation for heat generation of inner spindle was carried out using commercial program $ANSYS^{(R)}$ and the result was compared with measured data using $LabVIEW^{(R)}$ and SGXI-1600, 1125 and 1126 module. Temperature distribution and thermal displacement according to spindle speed are measured. Using this method, it is possible to predict and to improve thermal characteristic of high speed spindle by control spindle speed, bearing preload and cooling rate.