• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2008

Recently, the major viral diseases, Newcastle disease (ND), infectious bronchitis (IB), low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), avian pneumovirus infection (APV), Marek's disease (MD) and infectious bursal disease (IBD), have led to huge economic losses in chicken industry of Korea. To evaluate prevalence of the major viral disease infections in broiler breeder and broiler farms, epidemiological survey has been conducted in Jeonbuk province from 2005 to 2007 by serological ELISA test for APV, PCR for MD, and RT-PCR for ND, IB, LPAI and IBD, respectively. A total of 424 cases was submitted to our laboratory for diagnosis of the major viral disease from broiler breeder and broiler farms in the above period. The diagnosed results were analysed for the detection rate of infections on basis of years, seasons and ages, respectively. This study was showed that the detection rates of ND and APV were considerably high for every years regardless of seasons and ages in both broiler breeder and commercial broiler. In comparison with detection rates of ND and APV, IB and LPAI were lower but detected around 10% for every years. Especially, detection rate of IB was significantly high in commercial broiler than in broiler breeder. Therefore, to minimize economic losses for broiler breeder and broiler farms, it will need for effective countermeasures to decrease detection rate of the viral respiratory diseases. Although the detection rates of MD and IBD were gradually decreased from 2005 to 2007 in both broiler breeder and commercial broiler, it will continually make an effort about disease control for increasing productivity in chicken industry.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2013

Objectives This study was designed to: (1) investigate the clinical feature of tongue diagnosis, (2) make an observation of significant changes in tongue diagnosis according to the patient's physical condition and laboratory result and (3) identify clinical efficacy of tongue diagnosis. Methods 300 patients' tongue diagnosis results were analyzed and the patients were divided to each group according to the physical condition and laboratory result. Then, chi-square test was performed to assess statistical significance between tongue diagnosis results of each group. Results As a result of analyzing the spread of tongue diagnosis according to the patient's physical condition and laboratory result, 18 groups had statistical significance related to specific tongue color and tongue coating. Conclusions Even if there would be possible misinterpretations in one-to-one match between the tongue diagnosis and certain diseases, we identified that tongue diagnosis results were changed somewhat related to patient's physical condition with some tendency and tongue diagnosis could be used for meaningful clinical diagnostic tool.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2014

Objectives : Clinical data in traditional medicine, such as Korean medicine, traditional Chinese medicine have a long history of accumulating evidence and these rich data are recorded in classic literature. We have conducted a study of developing an algorithm that support clinical diagnosis with composing both users knowledge and data obtained from literature. In order to define necessary information and required steps in diagnosis procedure, we have established a clinical diagnostic procedure including a step of collecting patients symptoms, a step of determining candidates, a step of diagnostic decisions, a step of deciding of treatment and a step of adjusting medicinal treatment. Methods : Our study have been based on the following premises. 1. Using data obtained from literature contributes to accurate diagnosis 2. Displaying the data before users request contributes to accurate conclusion. Displaying before users request enable users to recognize their overlooking a fact on purpose or not. 3. Checking symptoms that are commonly accompanied with a group of diseases that accompany symptoms appealed by a patient contributes to accurate conclusion. These symptoms are worthy of checking. 4. Comparing more than two candidates contributes to accurate conclusion. Users can compare their accompanied symptoms with patients symptoms and this helps users to make a decision. Results : Based on the above premises, we have developed an literature based algorithm to provide various functions, such as recommending symptoms to check, comparing groups of symptoms, differential diagnosis, recommending medicinal materials to prescribe, and more. Conclusions : By the results of simulation with virtual diagnostic scenario, we concluded this algorithm is useful helping clinician in diagnosis procedure.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2016

Purpose: Mucolipidosis type II (ML II), also known as I-cell disease is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of lysosomal enzyme transport caused by a deficiency of the uridine diphosphate (UDP)-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GlcNAc-phosphotransferase). Clinical manifestations are skeletal abnormalities, mental retardation, cardiac disease, and respiratory complications. A severely and rapidity progressive clinical course leads to death before 10 years of age. Methods/Results: In this study we diagnosed three cases of prenatal ML II in two different at-risk families. We compared two procedures -biochemical analysis and molecular analysis - for the prenatal diagnosis of ML II. Both methods require an invasive procedure to obtain specimens for the diagnosis. Biochemical analysis requires obtaining cell cultures from amniotic fluid for more than two weeks, and would result in a late diagnosis at 19 to 22 weeks of gestation. Molecular genetic testing by direct sequence analysis is usually possible when mutations are confirmed in the proband. Molecular analysis has an advantage in that it can be performed during the first-trimester. Conclusion: Molecular diagnosis is a preferable method when a prompt decision is necessary.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2013

Purpose: The clinical presentations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prior to diagnosis are so diverse or vague that many of them waste time before final diagnosis. This study was undertaken to know the medical history of the pediatric patients until the final diagnosis could be reached. Methods: The medical records of all pediatric patients who were diagnosed with IBD (Crohn's disease [CD] in 14 children, ulcerative colitis [UC] in 17) during the last 13 years were reviewed. We investigated the length of the diagnostic time lag, chief clinical presentation, and any useful laboratory predictor among the routinely performed examinations. Indeterminate colitis was not included. Results: The mean ages of children at the final diagnosis was similar in both diseases. As for the pre-clinical past history of bowel symptoms in CD patients, 5 were previously healthy, 9 had had 1-3 gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, weight loss, bloody stool, anemia and rectal prolapse. With UC, 9 were previously healthy, 8 had had 1-3 GI symptoms, bloody stool, anorexia. The average diagnostic time lag with CD was 3.36 months, and with UC 2.2 months. Body mass index (BMI) and the initial basic laboratory data (white blood cell, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, serum albumin, and serum total protein) were lower in CD, statistically significant only in BMI. Conclusion: IBD shows diverse clinical symptoms before its classical features, making the patients waste time until diagnosis. It is important to concern possibility of IBD even in the mildly sick children who do not show the characteristic symptoms of IBD.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2009

Prevalence rates reported for malaria in pregnancy in Nigeria vary considerably. The accuracy of results of malaria diagnosis is dependent on training, experience, and motivation of the microscopist as well as the laboratory facility available. Results of training programmes on malaria microscopy have shown low levels of sensitivity and specificity of those involved in malaria diagnosis routinely and for research. This study was done to ascertain the true prevalence of malaria in pregnancy in Lagos, South-West Nigeria. A total of 1,084 pregnant women were recruited into this study. Blood smears stained with Giemsa were used for malaria diagnosis by light microscopy. Malaria infection during pregnancy presents mostly as asymptomatic infection. The prevalence of malaria in this population was 7.7% (95% confidence interval; 6.2-9.4%). Factors identified to increase the risk of malaria infection include young maternal age (<20 years), and gravidity (primigravida). In conclusion, this study exposes the over-diagnosis of malaria in pregnancy and the need for training and retraining of laboratory staffs as well as establishing the malaria diagnosis quality assurance programme to ensure the accuracy of malaria microscopy results at all levels.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2020

Majority of the imported malaria cases in Korea is attributed to Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections, whereas P. malariae and P. ovale infections are very rare. Falciparum and ovale malaria are mostly imported from Africa, while most of the vivax malaria cases are imported from Southeast Asia. Here, we report 6 Korean imported ovale malaria cases (4 males and 2 females) who had visited in Africa during 2013-2016. These subjects were diagnosed with P. ovale based on microscopic findings, Plasmodium species-specific nested-PCR, and phylogenetic clade using 18S rRNA gene sequences. We identified 2 P. ovale subtypes, 1 P. ovale curtisi (classic type) and 5 P. ovale wallikeri (variant type). All patients were treated with chloroquine and primaquine, and no relapse or recrudescence was reported for 1 year after treatment. With increase of travelers to the countries where existing Plasmodium species, the risk of Plasmodium infection is also increasing. Molecular monitoring for imported malaria parasites should be rigorously and continuously performed to enable diagnosis and certification of Plasmodium spp.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권12B호
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• pp.1123-1130
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• 2008

출산율, 결흔율 감소 및 이혼을 증가 등의 사회적 현상으로 인해 태어나면서부터 건강에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 특히 의사 표현 능력이 부족한 소아의 질환 진단은 직접 내원해서 진단을 받아야 하는 불편함을 가지고 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 재택 기반으로 소아 울음소리를 통해 음성 분석학적 요소를 추출하여 정상 소아와 질환을 앓고 있는 소아와의 비교, 분석을 통해 소아 질환을 진단할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 특히, 본 논문은 소아에게 가장 쉽게 걸릴 수 있는 소아호흡기 질환 중 소아감기, 소아폐렴 및 소아천식을 대상으로 실험을 수행하였으며 울음소리의 특징 요소를 추출하여 진단기기로 개발하고자 한다. 이를 위해 소아호흡기 질환이 인체의 음성 기관을 자극하는 질환임을 가정하고 음성학적 분석 요소 중 조음기관과 관련된 주파수대역폭분석을 통한 방법을 실험하였으며 이를 정상 소아와 소아호흡기 질환을 앓고 있는 환자를 비교, 분석하였다. 이와같은 방법을 통해 정상 소아에 비해 호흡기 질환을 앓고 있는 소아가 주파수 대역폭이 짧게 형성되는 결과를 추출하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.2315-2322
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• 2008

온실을 통해 시설원예작물을 재배하는 대다수의 농업인들은 병해충의 예측, 진단 및 방제에 큰 관심을 가지고 있으며, 특히 농가에서는 병해충 관리 문제가 가장 큰 문제로 대두되고 있다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 시설원예작물에 발생하는 병해충에 관한 정보를 데이터베이스로 구축하고 이를 토대로 농가단위에서 병해충을 손쉽고 정확하게 예측 및 관리할 수 있는 모바일 사용자를 위한 PDA 기반의 병해충 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템에서는 모바일 기기를 기반으로 하기 때문에 온실에 직접 방문하지 않고 이동 중에도 온실 내의 작물의 다양한 정보를 쉽게 얻을 수 있어 적은 인력으로 효율적인 관리가 가능하다. 시스템의 수행성을 검증하게 위해 실제 온실을 축소한 형태의 가상 온실 모형을 제작한 후, 각 환경 센서의 시스템 구성 요소를 구현하여 PDA를 통해 온실의 상태를 손쉽게 확인 할 수가 있었고, 효율적인 병해충 예측 및 관리가 가능한 수행 결과를 보였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2019

Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is one of the varieties of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Diagnosis of idiopathic NSIP can be done via multidisciplinary approach in which the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings were discussed together and exclude other causes. Clinical manifestations include subacute or chronic dyspnea and cough that last an average of 6 months, most of which occur in non-smoking, middle-aged women. The common findings in thoracic high-resolution computed tomography in NSIP are bilateral reticular opacities, traction bronchiectasis, reduced volume of the lobes, and ground-glass opacity in the lower lungs. These lesions can involve diffuse bilateral lungs or subpleural area. Unlike usual interstitial pneumonia, honeycombing is sparse or absent. Pathology shows diffuse interstitial inflammation and fibrosis which are temporally homogeneous, namely NSIP pattern. Idiopathic NSIP is usually treated with steroid only or combination with immunosuppressive agents such as azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil. Prognosis of idiopathic NSIP is better than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Many studies have reported a 5-year survival rate of more than 70%.