• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.647-652
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• 2020

Clonorchis sinensis is the most common fish-borne intestinal parasite in Korea. The aim of the present investigation was to survey the status of C. sinensis infection and analyze associated risk factors in residents of Haman-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do. A total of 5,114 residents from 10 administrative towns/villages voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, which comprised fecal examination, a questionnaire survey for risk factors, ultrasonography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for cancer biomarker detection in the blood. We detected C. sinensis eggs in 5.3% of the subjects. By region, Gunbuk-myeon had the highest number of residents with C. sinensis eggs. The infection rate and intensity were higher in male than in female residents. Based on the risk factor questionnaire, infection was highly associated with drinking, a history of C. sinensis infection, and the practice of eating of raw freshwater fish. Extension of the bile duct, infection intensity, and cancer biomarker detection significantly correlated with the presence of eggs in the study population. In conclusion, the development of feasible, long-term control policies and strategies for the elimination of C. sinensis in Korea is still required.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13.1-13.14
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• 2021

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most complex infectious swine diseases and the greatest concern to the pig industry owing to its high mortality and no effective vaccines available to prevent the disease. Since the first outbreak of ASF in pig farms, ASF has been identified in 14 pig farms in four cities/counties in South Korea. The outbreak was resolved in a short period because of the immediate control measures and cooperative efforts. This paper reviews the ASF outbreak and the experience of successfully stopping ASF in pig farms in South Korea through active responses to prevent the spread of ASF. In addition, suitable changes to build a sustainable pig production system and collaborative efforts to overcome the dangerous animal disease, such as ASF, are discussed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1471-1475
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• 2014

Background: The epidemiological patterns of cancer incidence have been investigated widely in western countries. Nevertheless, information is quite limited in Jiangxi province, southern China. Materials and Methods: All data were reported by 6 population-based cancer registries in Jiangxi Province. The results were presented as incidence rates of cases by site (ICD-10), sex, crude rate (CR), age-standardized rates (ASRs) and truncated incidence rate (TR) per 100,000 person-years, using the direct method of standardization to the world population. Results: 8,765 new cancer cases were registered in our study during the period 2009-2011. Diagnosis of cancer was based on histopathology in 61.0%, clinical or radiology findings in 4.87% and death certificate only (DCO) in 3.0% of the cases. The median age at diagnosis was 62.0 years (mean, 61; standard deviation, 15). The ASRs were 170.8 per 100,000 for men and 111.2 for women. The ASRs for all invasive cancers from the urban areas (145.7 per 100,000) was higher than that of rural areas (137.1). Incidence rates for lung cancer were higher in rural (35.8) than in urban areas (27.0). Similarly, relatively high rates were observed for stomach cancer in rural (20.1) relative to urban areas (15.5). Conclusions: Our results reveal that the most common cancers were breast and lung in women and lung and liver in men. Interestingly, this study suggested a higher incidence rates for lung and stomach cancer in rural males than in urban population, which may suggest other potential causes, such as over-consumption of smoked meats and high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, respectively. Public education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles should be actively carried out.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.2071-2075
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• 2007

Fourteen Bacillus thuringiensis isolates having both insecticidal activity and in vitro antifungal activity were selected and tested for in vivo antifungal activity against tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, tomato gray mold, and barley powdery mildew in growth chambers. All the isolates represented more than 70% disease control efficacy against at least one of four plant diseases. Specifically, 12 isolates exhibited strong control activity against barley powdery mildew. Under glasshouse conditions, four (50-02, 52-08, 52-16, and 52-18) of the isolates also displayed potent control efficacy against cucumber powdery mildew. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. thuringiensis isolates that have disease control efficacy against powdery mildew of barley and cucumber as well as insecticidal activity.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.131-138
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• 1999

A synergistic effect of biocontrol agent and chemicals on control of the large patch on turfgrass caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2 was evaluated. Chemicals; mepronil, toclofos-methyl and iprodione inhibited 90∼100% mycelial growth of R. solani AG1 and AG2-2 in vitro. While on the other, the chemicals inhibited only 0∼5%, 18∼46% and 30∼67% of mycelial growth of the antagonists, respectively. In field application, toclofos-methyl was the best to suppress the disease in single application, however, the combination of mepronil and T. viride 41D showed highest disease control effect among combinations of antagonists and chemicals. Effect of the combination of mepronil and T. viride 41D was similar to that of toclofos-methyl and T. viride 41D stage of disease development, but became higher in six week late. Results indicated that the combined application of selected antagonistic agent and chemical increased control efficasy of turgrass large patch.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.248-257
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• 2019

We chose the Mt. Dalum area (located in Gijang-gun, Busan, Korea) for our survey, particularly The pine wilt disease zone and the non-permanent control area. This study investigates the effect of pine wilt disease on the distribution of beetle species in the process of ecosystem change due to insect control; pine forests treated for pine wilt disease were divided into insect control and non-control sites, respectively. The results of this study are as follows. Twen tyseven species belongs to 12 families were identified from 969 ground beetles collected from this sites. Species richness was the highest in Coleoptera (6 species, 469 individuals). In the control site, 21 species belongs to 10 families were identified from 228 individuals, while 24 species of 11 families from 533 individuals in the non-control area. The highest number of species were noted in June and July from the non- control and control sites, respectively. The highest number of insects in control and non-control sites was observed in July, while the lowest in September. Sipalinus gigas gigas, Spondylis buprestoides, Plesiophthalmus davidis, Calosoma maximowiczi, Damaster jankowskii jankowskii, and Damaster smaragdinus were captured in both study sites. Episomustur ntus and Glischrochilus ipsoides were only captured in the control site, while Macrodorcas rectus rectus and Pheropsophus javanus were only captured in the non-control site. Six beetles and five species (such as Calosoma maximowiczi) were found in the control site and six species (including Damaster smaragdinus) in the non-control site. The species distributions by altitude were 163, 518, and 258 individuals, at 100, 200 and 300 m sites, respectively. The diversity, evenness, and dominance indices in the control area were 0.764, 0.812, and 0.367, respectively. The diversity, evenness, and dominance indices in the non-control area were 0.927, 0.837, and 0.352, respectively. The similarity index between the control and non-control area was 80%.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5639-5644
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• 2014

Objective: This study aimed to determine effects of doctor-patient communication on the quality of life among breast cancer survivors in 16 communities in southern China. Methods: Multistage random sampling was to use to recruit 260 females from the Guangzhou Cancer Registry Database who were diagnosed with breast cancer. A questionnaire provided data on the doctor-patient communication (including the doctor's attitude, the patient's participation with the medical decision and information about the disease) and QOL (quality of life), as measured using FACT-B. Univariate analysis, non-conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between the doctor-patient communication and QOL. Results: Females who received good attitudes from doctors demonstrated higher FACT-B (OR=4.65, 95% CI: 1.68-12.86), social well-being (OR=5.88, 95% CI: 2.16-16.05), emotional well-being (OR=4.77, 95% CI: 1.92-11.88), and functional well-being ((OR=5.26, 95% CI: 1.90-14.52) compared to the females who encountered worse attitudes from their doctor, adjusting for age, education, marriage, employment, family income, years since diagnosis, TNM stage, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and side effects, particularly when the TNM stage was 0-II and the patients exhibited no side effects. Regardless of the length of time after diagnosis, doctors' good attitudes resulted in higher QOL scores. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the doctor-patient communication has a significant association with the QOL of breast cancer survivors, mainly dependent on the doctors' attitude. Effective intervention is required to develop optimal doctor-patient communication.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.153-158
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• 2008

Objectives : This study describes a plan that was designed to prevent a measles outbreak that showed a changed outbreak pattern. This study is based on the epidemiological investigation of a measles outbreak in a preschool in Incheon, Korea, 2006. Methods : The subjects were 152 students at a preschool where a measles outbreak occurred. A questionnaire survey was conducted and serological testing for measles-specific IgM was preformed. Results : Of the fifteen confirmed, identified cases, eleven patients had been vaccinated with one dose, one patient had received two doses and three patients were unvaccinated. The three unvaccinated cases consisted of one 5-year-old child, one 3-year-old child and one 16-month-old infant. For the cases with one dose of the vaccination, there were 11 cases, which consisted of six 5-year-old children, two 4-year-old children, two 3-year-old children and one 2-year-old child. The case with two doses of the vaccination was one 4-year-old child. The attack rate of measles was 100% in the 0-dose group, 11.2% in the 1-dose group and 2.0% in the 2-dose group. The vaccine's efficacy was 88.8% in the 1-dose group and 98.0% in the 2-dose group. The vaccine effectiveness for the 2-dose group was higher than that of the 1-dose group. Conclusions : High coverage with a 2-dose vaccination should be maintained, and the vaccination should be given at the suitable time to prevent a measles outbreak with a changed outbreak pattern.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.189-194
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• 2003

The effects of prochloraz on membrane permeability and germination of uredospores of Puccinia recondita were investigated to determine its potential mode of action on wheat leaf rust control activity. Disease control activity of ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) and their activities on uredospore membrane permeability and germination were examined with wheat leaf rust pathogen, both in vitro and in vivo. While wheat leaf rust was not controlled by prochloraz, electrolytic leakage and spore germination of P. recondita uredospore was the highest with the use of prochloraz among the eight fungicides tested. Prochloraz stimulated uredospore of P. recondita to germinate at a higher ratio. Although certain EBIs, such as hexaconazole, showed excellent control activity, their effects on uredospore membrane permeability and germination was much inferior to prochloraz. Therefore, results of this study suggest that effects of EBIs on membrane permeability and germination of uredospore are not always correlated with their disease control activity.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.39-42
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• 2019

While the notified crude incidence rates(per 100,000 persons, CIR) of new tuberculosis between 2016 and 2017 decreased in nationwide and 16 provinces, except Jeju Province, Korea. The aim of this study was to compare CIRs of Jeju Province and nationwide by calendar years and age groups in order to interpret the increasing trend of CIR in Jeju Province. The data source was the Integrated Diseases and Health Control System of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The selection criteria were the notified new cases as tuberculosis, who had the address as Jeju Province at diagnosis, between 2011 and 2018. The 95% confidence interval of CIR was estimated based on Poisson distribution. There was not statistically significant difference of CIRs between Nationwide and Jeju Province of 2011 and 2018, except 2016. Especially the CIR of group aged over 65 years in Jeju Province, 2016 was significantly lower compared to Nationwide CIR. But, the CIR of group aged 30~50 between 2017 and 2018 showed significantly higher compared to Nationwide CIR. Based on the results, the fact of increasing CIR from 2016 to 2017 in Jeju Province might be interpreted as an introduction of new tuberculosis screening project rather than real increased CIRs.