• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.11-26
• /
• 2003

While a number of Korean companies have undergone ceaseless restructuring to survive today's rapidly changing global economy, the brick and mortar industry has been exerting their efforts to enhance the productivity through the development of new products, quality improvement, cost reduction measures. At present, various risk-evaluation measures have been taken in the fields at the discretion of an enterpriser, though, the effective methods enabling quantitative analysis are insufficient. Accordingly, this study is intended to contribute to the synthetic safety manage -ment in the factory fields and to suggest the quantitative -risk-analysis system by introducing such safety-estimation steps as assortment of processes, pre-assessment of risk factors, decision of risks, counter measures against studied risks, establishment of remedies.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.137-163
• /
• 2018

Efficiency in the arbitration proceedings and finality of arbitral awards have been key attractive features of arbitration. While finality of awards is due to the fact that there is no appeals mechanism in arbitration, other recourses that are available against arbitral awards threaten the integrity of finality of arbitral awards. This article examines some of these recourses, such as, setting aside of arbitral awards pursuant to the UNCITRAL Model Law, scrutiny of draft awards by arbitration institutions, and annulment proceedings of ICSID Convention awards and discusses the implications of these measures in relation to assuring finality of arbitral awards in international commercial and investment arbitration cases. In order to more effectively respect the disputing parties' autonomy in choosing arbitration, and also to give as much deference to arbitral tribunals' decisions and their discretion in reaching their decisions, it is proposed that an official appellate mechanism would be preferred over the undermining of finality of arbitral awards that have been taking place through the currently available exclusive recourses against arbitral awards.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.01a
• /
• pp.203-208
• /
• 2007

현재 초등학교에서는 각 학년에 재량활동 시간을 활웅하여 매주 1시간씩 34시간이상을 정보통신기술교육 시간으로 배정하고 있다. 그러나 시대의 변화에 발맞추어 요구되고 있는 창의성과 문제해결력을 키워줄 수 있는 컴퓨터 교재가 개발되어 있지 않아 서 시대에 맞는 정보통신기술교육을 하고 있지 못하다. 그리하여 교육인적자원부가 발표한 정보통신기술교육 운영지침을 분석하여 창의성과 문제해결력을 증진시킬 수 있고 현장에서 쓰일 수 있는 5,6학년용 교재를 개발해 보았다.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.01a
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 2007

교육부 "초 중등학교 정보통신기술 교육 운영지침(2000. 8. 1)"에 따라 2001학년도부터 초 중등학교에서는 필수적으로 정보통신기술 소양 및 활용 교육을 연간 34시간 이상(1학년은 30시간)씩 확보하여 운영하고 있다. 하지만 운영지침만 나와 있을 뿐 구체적인 실천 방법이 나와 있지 않아서 일선학교에서는 정보통신기술 교육과정을 운영하는데 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 최근에 개정된 "초 중등학교 정보통신기술 교육 운영지침(2005.12)"을 바탕으로 창의성과 문제해결력을 신장시키길 수 있는 컴퓨터 재량활동 교재(2단계: 3, 4학년 중심)를 개발하게 되었다.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.01a
• /
• pp.255-260
• /
• 2007

2000년 교육인적자원부에서는 초 중등학교 정보통신기술교육 운영지침을 내놓았고, 개정의 필요성이 제기되어 2005년 12월 개정지침이 나왔다. 그러나 현재 개정에 따른 컴퓨터 교재가 개발되어 있지 않고, 더군다나 시대의 변화와 발맞추어 요구되고 있는 창의성을 신장시킬 수 있는 교재가 개발되어 있지 않다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 교육인적자원부가 개정한 초 중등학교 정보통신기술교육 운영지침을 분석하여 교육현장에서 쓰일 수 있는 1, 2학년용 교재를 개발하게 되었다.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.73-87
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this thesis is to make clear the symbolism expressed by the gorgeous costume elements in the portraits of Elizabeth 1. After English paintings in 16th century and the Portraits of Elizabeth I being investigated in view of its characteristics, the symbolism in the costume of the portraits was studied in analysis. The flowers, the pearls and the sieve denoting a pure virgin predominantly appeared, snake for discretion and wisdom, phoenix for eternal youth and renewal, pelican for motherhood, and eyes and ears for almightiness and sound judgement as an utmost power was found. The color was mainly of black or white and sometimes of these two mixtures. The white means a purity and black, eternity and the mixture of them signifies a virtue of purity. This thesis may help people understand the gorgeous costume of Elizabeth 1. not as an external extravagance, but as an internal emblem or signs delivering its specific significance.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 1998

The aims of this study show the purpose of writing[Ka-ryae] and its transmission and operation from the end of Koryo to Chosun dynasty. And Studying of a traditional marriage ceremony as shown in [Ka-ryae], We intend to find a mental meaning and value in it. The major findings this study are as follows. 1. Though [Ka-ryae] was written by Chu-Ja who lived in the period of South-Song of China, it had greatly influenced the thought, system and life of Korean society from the end of Koryo to Chosun dynasty. 2. Studying the content of [Ka-ryae], we learned the respect, discretion and reghtness as the mental meaning and value of a marriage ceremony.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.280-282
• /
• 2004

초등학교에서 재량활동인 컴퓨터 교재의 내용은 ICT 소양교육을 중점으로 기능 교육(한글, 파워포인트, 윈도우, 통신 등)에 대한 내용이 대부분을 차지하고 있다. 특히 초등학생들은 이미 생활에서 쉽게 접하는 정보화 시스템에 익숙하여 컴퓨터를 다루는 기능은 교재의 수준을 상당히 갖추고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 현재 초등학교에서 사용하고 있는 초등컴퓨터 재량활동 교재의 내용에 변화가 필요함을 나타내기 위하여, 부산광역시교육청의 초등컴퓨터 재량활동 교재인 '즐거운 컴퓨터'의 내용과 부산광역시 4, 5, 6학년 초등학생들의 ICT 활용기능을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과를 통하여 초등학생의 ICT 기술능력이 컴퓨터 교재의 내용을 앞서고 있음을 보이고 향후 교재내용의 변화가 있어야함을 보인다

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2021

Fuel costs represent one of the most substantial expenses for airlines, accounting for 20% - 36% of the airline's total operating cost. The present study discusses the so-called discretionary fuel that is additionally loaded at the discretion of airlines to cover unforeseen variations from the planned flight operations. The proper range of the discretionary fuel to be loaded for economic flight operations was estimated by applying Monte Carlo simulation technique. With this simulation model for loading discretionary fuel, airlines cannot only reduce the total amount of fuel to be consumed but also minimize the risk of unplanned flight disruptions caused by insufficient fuel on board. Airlines should be able to guarantee proper risk management processes for fuel boarding by carrying enough fuel to high-risk airports. This study would provide a practical guideline for loading proper amounts of discretionary fuel. Future researchers should be encouraged to improve this study by elaborating the weather variable.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.291-307
• /
• 2017

This study analyzes the effects of global diversification level on discretion accruals and firm value. In order to verify the hypothesis of this study, the sample of securities companies was selected from 2012 to 2015, and the final sample is 2,139 firm-year. The results of this paper are as follows : First, discretionary accruals increased as the diversification level increased. We conducted an additional analysis as to whether the increase in information asymmetry due to international diversification affects discretionary accruals. As a result, the increase of information asymmetry due to international diversification increased discretionary accruals. This analysis is consistent with EI Mehdi and Seboui(2001)'s study. Second, we analyze the impact of international diversification on corporate value. In previous studies, there was no consistent conclusion about the relationship between international diversification and firm value(Christophe and Pfeiffer, 2002; Denis and Vost, 2002; Bodnar and Wenintrop, 1997; Bodnar et al., 2003). Therefore, this study hypothesizes that the increase in discretionary accruals, which have been driven by international diversification, will have an impact on firm value. Aa a result of the analysis, we found that the increase in discretionary accruals due to diversification declines the firm value. This means that the increase in discretionary accruals due to diversification is utilized as and opportunistic means by taking individual gain of managers.