• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.226-237
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• 2018

Background: This study examined the characteristics and prognosis of patients admitted to the Dunsan Korean medicine hospital for treatment of herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) or spinal stenosis with Miniscalpel needle therapy (MSN). Methods: Patients were admitted to the Dunsan Korean medicine hospital from January 01, 2016 to September 30, 2017 for the treatment of HIVD or spinal stenosis with MSN. Crossover analysis, Independent sample t test, one-way ANOVA, multiple linear regression analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed. Results: Crossover analysis showed statistically significant differences in treatment methods according to gender, current pain according to the disease duration, satisfaction of MSN according to disease duration, treatment methods, and intention of re-treatment with MSN according to treatment methods. Independent t test and one-way ANOVA showed that there was a difference in current Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) according to disease duration, and difference between discharge and current NRS, and number of MSN according to disease. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, disease duration, and number of MSN affect discharge NRS, disease duration, and number of MSN affect current NRS, and Western medical treatment after MSN, discharge NRS, and current NRS affect satisfaction of MSN. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that discharge NRS affects current pain, and gender, discharge NRS, and treatment methods affect intention of re-treatment with MSN. Conclusion: Characteristics, prognosis, satisfaction and variables affecting prognosis of MSN were statistically significant, indicating that more systematic studies are required to further examine the effects of MSN on HIVD or spinal stenosis.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.357-361
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• 2011

The terminal current in voltage driven systems is an essential role for characterizing the pattern of electric discharge such as corona, breakdown, etc. Until now, to evaluate this terminal current, Sato's equation has been widely used in areas of high voltage and plasma discharge. Basically Sato's equation was derived by using the energy balance equation and its final form described physical meaning explicitly. To give more general abilities in Sato's equation, we present a generalized approach by directly using the Poynting's theorem incorporating the finite element method. When the magnetic field effect or the time-dependent voltage source is considered, this generalized energy method can be easily applicable to those problems with any dielectric media such as gas, fluid, and solid. As an alternative approach, the integral Ohm's law resulting in small numerical errors has an ability to be applied to multi-port systems. To test the generalized energy method and integral Ohm's law, first, the results from two prosed methods were compared to those from Sato's approach and an analytic solution in parallel plane electrodes. After verification, the generalized method was applied to the tip-sphere electrodes for evaluating the terminal current with three carriers and the Fowler-Nordheim field emission condition. From these results, we concluded that the generalized energy method can be a consistent technique for evaluating the discharge current with various dielectric materials or large magnetic field.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.296-300
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• 2003

Extended cylindrical magnetron sputtering system with rotating 600-mm long and 90-mm diameter graphite cathode and pulsed power supply voltage generator were developed and fabricated. Time-dependent Langmuir probe characteristics as well as carbon films thickness were measured. It was shown that ratio of ions flux to carbon atoms flux for pulsed magnetron discharge mode was equal to $\Phi_{i}$ $\Phi$sub C/ = 0.2. It did not depend on the discharge current in the range of $I_{d}$ / = 10∼60 A since both the plasma density and the film deposition rate were found approximately proportional to the discharge current. In spite of this fact carbon film structure was found to be strongly dependent on the discharge current. Grain size increased from 100 nm at $I_{d}$ = 10∼20 A to 500 nm at $I_{d}$ = 40∼60 A. To deposit fine-grained hard nanocrystalline or amorphous carbon coating current regime with $I_{d}$ = 20 A was chosen. Pulsed negative bias voltage ($\tau$= 40 ${\mu}\textrm{s}$, $U_{b}$ = 0∼10 ㎸) synchronized with magnetron discharge pulses was applied to a substrate and voltage of $U_{b}$ = 3.4 ㎸ was shown to be optimum for a hard carbon film deposition. Lower voltages were not sufficient for amorphization of a growing graphite film, while higher voltages led to excessive ion bombardment and effects of recrystalization and graphitization.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07c
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• pp.1985-1987
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• 2004

Investigation of surface discharge characteristics of surface leakage on polluted EPDM insulatora have been performed This work was performed utilizing high frequency CT's to monitor surface discharge. It was found that there were significant variation in the surface discharge waveform frequency spectrum, depending both on the surface discharge magnitude and more importantly on the duration of surface discharge activity.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.113-118
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• 2005

Investigation of surface discharge characteristics of surface leakage on polluted EPDM insulator have been performed. This work was performed utilizing High Frequency Current Trans former to monitor surface discharge. It was found that there were significant variation in the surface discharge waveform frequency spectrum, depending both on the surface discharge magnitude and more importantly on the duration of surface discharge activity.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.503-506
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• 2004

In this paper, we suggest a new driving waveform for stable address discharge in AC PDP without the reduction of contrast ratio. To analyze the influence of cross-talk between discharge and non-discharge cells and verify that proposed waveform shows a stable address discharge, we measured the address discharge delay time. The proposed waveform shows the reduction of the cross-talk and concurrently the improvement of address voltage margin compared with those of selective reset waveform having one reset period in 1TV-Field..

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.355-360
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• 1985

In this paper, the discharge phenomena of high frequency glow discharge in organic vapor are basically investigted to establish the growth mechanism and preparation technique for organic thin film. According to the increasing of discharge frequency, the discharge firing voltage(Vs) of organic vapor decreases. The dependence of discharge voltage(Vd) on gas pressure is generally in accord with Paschen's Law and Vd decreases as gas flow rate become larger, but increases as dischange current density become higher. And the values of Vd in organic vapor are generally higher than those of inorganic gas.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1988.05a
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• pp.60-62
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• 1988

In this study, the characteristic of charging current which flows into the polymer by applying the corona discharge carriers on the polymer surface was measured, so as to investigate the phenomenon of charge injection and movement if injected charge on polymer. Also. the characteristics of discharge current which flows by shorting both sides of corona charged polymers were measured. Experimental results are as follows; The amount of charges injected by corona discharge vary according to the state of surface and the type of carriers, and then the charging current varies according to the properties of injected carriers.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 1987

TPolystyrene thin films are prepared by glow discharge of sytrene monomer vapor th establish the growth mechanism of organic thin films by the plasma polymerization. As the discharge parameters, discharge current(5mA-20mA), frequency (10kHz-50kHz, 13.56MHz), gaspressure (0.2torr-1.5torr), and discharge time(2min-12min)are adopted. Plasma-polymerized filmsof styrene vapor are identified as polystyrene by IR spectra. The thickness of plasma-polymerized films increases with gas pressure, frequency and discharge current in the region of the low frequency and below the allowed gas pressure where the polymerization occurs. It is suggested that the growth mechanism can be explained by ionic reaction in d.c. and low frequency region, and by radical reaction in high frequency region.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.12
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• pp.1803-1808
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• 2013

To maintain contact between catenary and pantograph copper is important in order to transmit power smoothly on Current collection system. But, Arc discharge with strong light is generated because of contact loss. Therefore, Arc discharge detection is important measurement factor judging performance of current collection system. In this paper, It is described to results of arc discharge applying UV detection technology using arc generator. And Arc discharge was detected using the most commonly used processing catenary and rigid catenary and pantograph copper of electric rolling stock for securing arc detection instrument reliability. Results of contact loss detection instrument in this paper will be used for maintenance of current collection quality and system.