• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.527-535
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• 2018

Agricultural activities of western Jeju island has suffered from saltwater intrusion seasonally. Objectives of this study are to prove the occurrence of saltwater intrusion in the coastal aquifer and to consider a management plan using MODFLOW-family code SEAWAT model. Model results show that the saltwater-freshwater interface intrudes inland only a few meters and that upconing phenomenon is rather the cause of the severe disaster of the agricultural water contamination. This study selected Gosan area as a representative site to estimate optimal groundwater development regulation against upconing by seasonal pumping for agriculture. The suggested optimal groundwater development estimation method considers the groundwater levels of representative monitoring wells for regulatory alarms.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.277-290
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of environmental impact assessment(EIA) and to suggest new EIA technology. The problems of EIA in Korea can be summarized as follows. First, the EIA does not reflect the impact of policy, plan and program on environment. Second, the project EIA does not consider the cumulative impacts such as additive impacts, synergistic impacts, threshold/saturation impacts, induced and indirect impacts, time-crowded impacts, and space-crowded impacts. Third, the EIA techniques in Korea are not standardized. Finally, the present EIA suggests only alternatives to reduce adverse impacts. To solve above-mentioned problems, the development of new EIA technology is essential. First, the new EIA technology should be developed toward pollution prevention technology and comprehensive and integrated environmental management technology. Second, new fields of EIA for pollution prevention contain strategic environmental assessment, cumulative impacts assessment, socio-economic impact assessment, cyber EIA and EIA technology necessary after the reunification of Korean Peninsula. Third, EIA technology for integrated environmental management contains the development of integated environment assessment system and the development of packaged EIA technology. The EIA technology for integrated environmental assessment system contains (1) development of integrated impact assessment technology combining air/water quality model, GIS and remote sensing, (2) integrated impact assessment of EIA, traffic impact assessment, population impact assessment and disaster impact assessment. (3) development of integrated technology combining risk assessment and EIA (4) development of integrated technology of life cycle assessment and EIA, (5) development of integrated technology of spatial planning and EIA, (6) EIA technology for biodiversity towards sustainable development, (7) mathematical model and GIS based location decision techniques, and (8) environmental monitoring and audit. Furthermore, there are some fields which need packaged EIA technology. In case of dam development, urban or industrial complex development, tourist development, landfill or combustion facilities construction, electric power plant development, development of port, road/rail/air port, is necessary the standardized and packaged EIA technology which considers the common characteristics of the same kind of development project.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.105-119
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• 2011

In order to develop the indicators which evaluate the management effectiveness for the protected forest areas in Korea, candidate indicators were listed based on literature and experts interviews, then questionnaire survey on the experts were conducted. 5 elements of context, planning, input, process, output and outcome and 32 indicators were selected. Context element includes 6 indicators of 1) documentation and assessment of values; 2) documentation and assessment of threats, 3) influence of government policy, 4) related regulations, 5) community cooperation and 6) the structure of management organization. 6 indicators of Planning element were 1) the management objective, 2) protected area design, 3) protected area size and number, 4) representation, 5) standards and categories and 6) management planning. Input element of 3 indicators were 1) management staff, 2) funding, 3) establishment and application of information. Process element were consisted of 1) governance, 2) management guidelines, 3) human resource management, 4) law enforcement, 5) eco-management, 6) disaster management, 7) education program and 8) research and monitoring. The element of outputs and outcomes were 1) accomplishment of plan, 2) accomplishment of program, 3) private land management, 4) threats change, 5) biodiversity change, 6) ecosystem health and vitality, 7) impact on community, 8) international management level and 9) visitors' satisfaction and variation in civil compliant. It is recommended to have further research on evaluation methods development by applying those above developed indicators for the protected forest areas to ensure the practicality of the indicators.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.89-104
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• 2011

This study was carried out to the development of ecological planting model to make up of coastal windbreak forest on the Suncheon-bay in Sucheon-si, Korea. Make up of coastal windbreak forest in this site was needed for appropriate bioresource, biodiversity and ecological structure, and for conservation of the eco-tour resource and protection of human life and property by the unforeseen disaster from the coast. Based on the plant-social principle, the planting model of windbreak forest was developed to facilitate growth of trees, considering planting locations. The ecological planting model for the coastal windbreak was composed of warm temperate evergreen and windbreak forest which is spreading around the inland area in Korea. The horizontal forest style was composed of forest edge community and inner forest community, and the vertical forest style was composed of upper, middle, low and ground planting class. The target of the present model was quasi-natural forest, and the species of tree were selected based on the adaptability to surroundings depending on a goal to create a forest and forest style. To achieve both functions of wind break forest and visual effect in short period of time, small trees and seedlings were planted with high-density of 40,000/ha in an expectation of easy natural maintenance in the future. The significance of the present study is a suggestion for a guideline to create ecological coastal windbreak forest in the Suncheon-bay in which the harmony of human life and the ecological conservation is of great importance. Also, the ecological coastal windbreak forest model should be developed further through the long term monitoring after construction of forest.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.39-48
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• 2015

This research was done to develop a duct-dedicated intelligent fire detection system to prevent fires and minimize fire damage of the industrial duct having a high fire risk. To understand the fire hazards of the ducts, the analysis was centered on the Daegu Textile Industrial Complex, where industrial ducts are used frequently. With this in the background, dedicated fire detectors and fire alarm control panel, which can prevent fires and to minimize fire damages to the ducts, were designed and produced, after which the performance was confirmed. As a result of performance experiments, it was shown that a duct-dedicated intelligent fire detection system had excellent adaptability and temperature accuracy. Through real-time temperature monitoring of the inside of the ducts, it was confirmed that duct fires could be efficiently extinguished by stepwise control of linkage facilities according to the setting temperature.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2018

Satellite data have attracted attention on research such as natural disaster and climate changes because satellite data is very advantageous for observing a wide range of variability. However, there are still limited spatial and temporal resolutions in satellite data. To overcome these limitations, fusion of various sensors and combination of primary products are used. In this study, surface temperature data of 500 m spatial resolution was produced by fusion of GOCI and MI data of COMS. Also these LST are used with NDVI for estimating TVDI. Soil moisture condition of the Korean peninsula was evaluated by these TVDI and it was compared with SSMI derived from ASCAT surface soil moisture data. As a result, COMS TVDI and ASCAT SSMI showed similar spatial distribution and suggested the possibility of observing the soil moisture using COMS. Therefore, the TVDI estimations can be used as a basis for estimating the high resolution soil moisture, and the application of the COMS can be expanded for various studies.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.258-268
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• 2011

Underwater acoustic sensor networks can be used disaster prevention and environmental monitoring systems in underwater environments. Because, the underwater environment is different from the ground, the long propagation delay, low transfer rates and limited bandwidth characteristics should be considered. In this, paper will propose the MAC protocol that allocates time slot into each node according to priority policy through the period of contention-free slot reservation in underwater acoustic sensor networks in order to avoid collision and minimize energy consumption waste. We perform mathematical analysis to evaluate the performance of the proposed protocol with regard to the collision probability, the energy consumption by collision, throughput and channel utilization. We compare the proposed protocol with the conventional protocol, and the performance results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the conventional protocol.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Living environments in rural area have become deteriorated rapidly. Increase of aging population, decline in agricultural income, polarization of wealth in rural community due to rural returners have caused severe decline and imbalance of living environments in rural area. Responding to this circumstances, governments currently develop projects for improving living environments focusing on individual housing which were excluded from governmental supports because those had been regarded as private property. Nevertheless, there are still some gaps and problems in evaluating the quality of living environment and suggesting effective solutions. It would be because standards and guidelines of the projects have been based on urban housing system. In order to support the implementation of the projects, this research has developed an index for evaluating and monitoring the quality of living environments in rural area. By applying Delphi method, the index has been created in four categories of 'security', 'convenience', 'comfortability', and 'durability' 'Security' consists of structural safety, crime, disaster, accident prevention. 'Convenience' includes three divisions of living, traffic, farm working. 'Comfortability' is divided into sanitation, indoor environments, and aesthetic appreciation. Lastly, 'durability' has four divisions of energy conservation, environmental friendliness, efficiency, and economics. Each sub-division also has different items from three to twelves. In the case of an index for performance evaluation, items have been derived from energy conservation(6-items), and environmental friendliness(7-items). Items developed as an index for evaluating rural living environments in this research might be good background information for remodeling project in rural housing development.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.188-188
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• 2011

작년 아이슬란드에서의 화산폭발로 발생된 화산재가 대기 중으로 이동하면서 유럽 공항 곳곳의 항공기 수천 편이 운항 중지되기도 하였다. 한반도내의 백두산은 약 1000전(서기 946년~947년 경) 대규모로 분화하였고, 서기 1903년, 소규모 분화한 후, 앞으로 수년~수십 년 사이에 폭발적인 분화를 재개할 가능성이 제기되고 있으며, 백두산 분화 시, 아이슬란드 화산폭발 때보다 훨씬 심각한 피해가 예상되고 있다. 따라서 백두산 화산에 대한 현지 자료의 수집과 꾸준한 모니터링(감시, 관측) 자료의 분석과 재해 예상 범위 및 대응 방안의 모색이 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 지리적으로 가까이 있으며 108개 활화산의 화산재해 방재에 관하여 꾸준히 활동하고 있는 일본에서의 화산감시 및 분화대응 시스템을 파악하고, 우리나라의 화산재해대책을 수립하기위한 시사점들을 고찰하였다. 화산의 평균적인 분화 간격은 풍수해나 지진 등 다른 재해에 비해 길기 때문에 일본 기상청에서는 과거１만년 이내에 분화한 증거가 있는 화산이 활화산으로서 인정되고 있다. 백두산은 약 1000년 전에 분화한 뒤 최근 분화의 전조현상을 보이고 있으며, 중국과 북한에 인접하여 있으므로 우리나라에 직접적인 피해는 예상되지 않으나, 우리나라에 일본과 같은 활화산이 존재하지 않기 때문에 생소하였던 화산재해란 어떠한 것이며, 향후 잠재적인 분화 가능성을 가지고 있는 백두산폭발로 인한 재해의 종류를 미리 예상하고 준비할 필요가 있다. 일본의 경우 계속적인 감시와 관측을 통한 분화예보, 경보를 발령하고 분화 시 즉각적인 방재정보를 전달, 지역주민들이 빠르게 인지, 주의하도록 화산재해 대책 시스템이 갖추어져 있다. 우리나라는 아직 중국과 북한에 인접한 백두산에 대한 관측 자료가 거의 없고, 연구를 위한 접근 또한 쉽지 않은 상황이다. 분화로 인한 직접적인 영향권에서는 벗어난다할지라도 계절적인 기상장의 영향 및 아직 예측 불가능한 백두산의 잠재적인 폭발규모에 따라 간접적인 영향을 받을 경우에 대비하여야 할 필요성이 있다고 사료된다. 또한 우리나라의 화산재해 방재력을 향상시키기 위하여 백두산 폭발로 인한 재해위험범위를 가시화하고, 분화 시에 대한 구체적인 가상시나리오를 작성하여, 화산재 및 대기오염물질의 확산시뮬레이션, 기후변화에 끼치는 영향 등을 포함하는 화산재해대책을 미리 세워 피해를 저감시킬 수 있는 방재대책을 수립해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.411-417
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• 2020

Therefore, it was agreed that an earthquake monitoring station should be set up within the site of Handong University by analyzing drilling data and Disaster such as earthquakes is urgently needed to prepare for earthquakes in that people's lives and national development depend on the nation's ability to manage disasters. Many experts say that the Korean Peninsula is also under the influence of earthquakes and is not a safe zone for earthquakes. A seismological observatory will be established in Pohang to monitor ground sensors and study seismic characteristics through the task of "Development of Smart Sensor-based Intelligent Information Platform in Earthquake Region." Therefore, it was agreed to set up a seismological observatory within the site of Handong University by analyzing drilling data and conducting on-site surveys in northern Pohang, which were heavily damaged by liquefaction and earthquakes. In this study, it was decided to make a comprehensive judgment by considering the geological characteristics of the site, whether it can perform functions, and the convenience of construction and maintenance for the final site of the seismological observatory discussed with Handong University. After completing a feasibility review on selecting a site for Handong University, we will establish a seismological observatory and actively utilize it for seismic research using data from alarm issuance and seismic data in the event of a future earthquake.