• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.610-616
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• 2021

This study is a literature review that analyzes the head of Ri election rules and regulations described in the village code, identifies problems, and proposes solutions for these problems. For data collection, a total of 146 village codes was collected from January 2019 to August 2019. The results showed people in most villages vote for the head of Ri according to democratic electoral processes. For system improvement, a one-person, one-vote system was proposed instead of a one-family, one-vote system in order to enhance gender equality and political rights. As for the appointment system, the following changes were proposed: First, candidate eligibility should be improved as only people who were born in that village are eligible; Second, the maximum age of candidacy for the head of Ri should be established as under 65 years old by considering physical ability in the event of disaster occurrences and physical activity required for running village businesses; Third, consecutive terms of the head of Ri when there is no successor should be limited in order to prevent indigenous forces from settling in the local community; and Fourth, education should be provided for building the head of Ri's stature in order to devote to promote public interest for village development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.2
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• pp.145-160
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• 1987

To evaluate damage status and necessities of repair works on the forest-side erosion control structures constructed from 1966 to 1986 in Korea, developmental procedures of erosion control structures from the standard unit-cost tables established by the Forestry Administration every year, existing counter-measures for disaster erosion control system administrated by the government organization and existing status of each structure at constructed site were investigated and analyzed integrally. About 10-15% of the constructed forest erosion control structures were required to be repaired as a result of the investigation. It is actually incapable of repairing the damaged forest erosion control structures caused by excessive run-off and floodings under the existing forest-side erosion control systems. Therefore, it is necessary to put regularly repair erosion control system that will be secured by national budgetary pre-allocation system. Especially, it is also necessary to frame a new system that repair erosion control works by national budget (central government) should be possible for any scale of damages in case of the erosion control projects for the disaster counter-measures. The results of this research could be adopted as important policy data for erosion control policy-making in forest-side in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2015

During normal subway rush hours, a train-driver is in charge of more than 3,000 people on a daily basis. When an emergency event occurs, millions of people and their property come to depend only on the train-driver's ability. After the Daegu subway fire disaster in February 2003, the Railway Safety Act was enacted in October 2004 and the 'Train Drivers' Licensing System' was introduced by the National Railroad Administration in July 2006 to secure and improve protection. This study was conducted to investigate and evaluate the effects of the Train Drivers' Licensing System since the Licensing System was first introduced eight years ago. In addition, the analysis will suggest better policies for the effectiveness of the 'Train Drivers' Licensing System'.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.288-293
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to provide response plans against acts of suicide bomb using utilize unmanned aircrafts to prevent large losses of lives such as the terrorist attacks of September 11. As the result, First, this research suggests revising the definition and categorization of utilizing unmanned aircrafts and legislating the Anti-terrorism law. Second, it is needed to establish the proper social safety network through terrorism response management integrated system against the terror of related organization. Third, suicide bomb using utilizing unmanned aircrafts can be occurred because it is possible to make bomb and open web site for terrorism without connection with terrorist organization because of universal use of Internet. In response to this, it is needed to make a law which can block the use and open of illegal site and contents. Forth, the increasing number of foreigners and immigrants can make conflicts, and cause the foreigner's anti-korea feeling and the citizen's anti-cultural diffusion. Therefore, it is needed for the citizen to change and improve the awareness of them, and the change of social politics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2014

Recently, major cities in Korea are suffering from frequent urban flooding caused by heavy rainfall. Such urban flooding mainly occurs due to the limited design capacity of the current drainage network, which increases the vulnerability of the cities to cope with intense precipitation events brought about by climate change. In other words, it can be interpreted that runoff exceeding the design capacity of the drainage network and increased impervious surfaces in the urban cities can overburden the current drainage system and cause floods. The study presents the green roof as a sustainable solution for this issue, and suggests the pre-design using the LID controls model in SWMM to establish more specific flood prevention system. In order to conduct the computer simulation in connection with Korean climate, the study used the measured precipitation data from Cheonan Station of Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) and the forecasted precipitation data from RCP 8.5 scenario. As a result, Extensive Green Roof System reduced the peak runoff by 53.5% with the past storm events and by 54.9% with the future storm events. The runoff efficiency was decreased to 4% and 7%. This results can be understood that Extensive Green Roof System works effectively in reducing the peak runoff instead of reducing the total stormwater runoff.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.547-562
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• 2016

The purpose of this research was to provide the information of mandatory regulation for Korean sports facilities and the preliminary data for building sport safety management manual through sports facilities abroad and system status. Futhermore, based on the information of sports facilities safety management, this research performed the benchmarking of each country sports facilities safety management system. As a result, in the U.S, Department of Homeland Security(DHS) leads effort to achieve a safe, secure, and resilient homeland. In Germany, law & regulations, sports facilities safety guideline and expert extension have been reviewed. Germany is more realistic and practical than other countries. In Australia, Major Hazard Facilities(MHF) is responsible for eliminating the risk of a major incident. Emergency Management System(EMS) should spontaneously respond when the alarm is raised as early detection and intervention are vital to ensuring that a small incident does not escalate to become a major disaster.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

Steam and advection fogs are frequently observed in the Yellow Sea from March to July except for May. This study uses remote sensing (RS) data for the monitoring of sea fog. Meteorological data obtained from the Ieodo Ocean Research Station provided a valuable information for the occurrence of steam and advection fogs as a ground truth. The RS data used in this study were GOES-9, MTSAT-1R images and QuikSCAT wind data. A dual channel difference (DCD) approach using IR and shortwave IR channel of GOES-9 and MTSAT-1R satellites was applied to detect sea fog. The results showed that DCD, texture-related measurement and the weak wind condition are required to separate the sea fog from the low cloud. The QuikSCAT wind data was used to provide the wind speed criteria for a fog event. The laplacian computation was designed for a measurement of the homogeneity. A new combined method, which includes DCD, QuikSCAT wind speed and laplacian computation, was applied to the twelve cases with GOES-9 and MTSAT-1R. The threshold values for DCD, QuikSCAT wind speed and laplacian are -2.0 K, $8m\;s^{-1}$ and 0.1, respectively. The validation results showed that the new combined method slightly improves the detection of sea fog compared to DCD method: improvements of the new combined method are $5{\sim}6%$ increases in the Heidke skill score, 10% decreases in the probability of false detection, and $30{\sim}40%$ increases in the odd ratio.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.269-274
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• 2024

High-quality precipitation data are crucial for various industries, including disaster prevention. In South Korea, long-term high-quality data are collected through numerous ground observation stations. However, data between these stations are reprocessed into a grid format using interpolation methods, which may not perfectly match actual precipitation. A prime example of real-time observational grid data globally is the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM IMERG) from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), while in South Korea, ground radar data are more commonly used. GPM and ground radar data exhibit distinct differences due to their respective processing methods. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of GPM and Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator(CAPPI),representative real-time grid data, by comparing them with ground-observed precipitation data. The study period spans from 2021 to 2022, focusing on hourly data from Automated Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) sites in South Korea. The GPM data tend to underestimate precipitation compared to ASOS data, while CAPPI shows errors in estimating low precipitation amounts. Through this comparative analysis, the study anticipates identifying key considerations for utilizing these data in various applied fields, such as recalculating design rainfall, thereby aiding researchers in improving prediction accuracy by using appropriate data.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.113-121
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• 2013

The rate that women's EMTs(emergency medical technicians) in fire department occupy is increasing, but my general plan is aimed at suggesting the improving plan for the working environment of women's EMTs paying attention to the duty stresses of increasing women's EMTs, because improvement for the working environment of women's EMTs is being proceeded slowly. I suggested my improving plan for solving the working stress on the basis of a survey of the Recognition against women's EMTs as follows. Firstly, I suggested that physical strength of women's EMTs should be managed well continually via program establishment and a defined evaluation not only by employing a professional person in charge for physical strength in firehouse, but also by replenishing the suitable number for the urgent mobilization. Secondly, I suggested that the suitable number for the urgent mobilization should be increased to 3 including an ambulance driver. Thirdly, I suggested necessity such as the fruitful education and the creation of circumstances that can focus on education for improving participation rate, development of various new educational program, incentive program and penalty. finally, I suggested the fact that is related to the actual re-amendment of the concerned law and ordinance such as not only the smooth treatment of penalty for a traffic signal violation of ambulance and the legal remedy system due to aggravation of a patient's condition during a first-aid course, but also workshop and meeting among the periodical EMTs and administration of special therapy program and sufficient recess.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.511-526
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• 2011

This study aims at surveying how Koreans look upon and prepare for the age of longevity("age of 100 years") drawing near at hand, analyzing factors affecting such a perception and behavior. To this end, a telephone survey was launched for 1200 persons sampled to evenly comprise the young, middle-aged, and elderly groups. Our findings indicate that more Koreans looked upon the upcoming "age of 100 years" as a 'disaster' rather than a 'blessing.' The sense of combined uneasiness over the aged life being further elongated while they are unprepared for it, anxiety over maintaining health and so forth came into play. However, the better a person is prepared by way of health management, savings for retirement, preparation for leisure activities and employment for the later life, the more positively he or she looked upon the "age of 100 years". An analysis by group indicates that women rather than men, the elderly rather than the young, the less educated rather than the highly educated, the low-income bracket rather than the high-income bracket looked upon the "age of 100 years" more negatively. Under such circumstances, it is suggested that the nation's social system tailored to a life expectancy of 80 years should be readjusted, tailored to a 'longevity paradigm' and that to this end social systems should be reoriented toward the direction where 'healthy aging' and 'active aging' are fully supported.