• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2006

The premise of this study is that an ultimate objective in planning an exhibition space is spectators' experiences shaped by a result of their first-hand experiences and responses within an exhibition space, and this result can be recognized in the spectators' movement. Thus, the sign system that can directly affects viewers' main line of flow and movement patterns was examined vis--vis a mutually complementary relation in a triangular composition with the structure of exhibition space and the exhibition contents. Based on the findings, predictive values before and after a complementary application of the sign system to the structure of exhibition space was analyzed and its validity was assessed. The results of this research analysis were drawn as follows. It was shown that an understanding of the locations of direction signs and the degree of recognition can function as an important factor to predict viewers' movement, along with an understanding of topological characteristics of an exhibition space. In terms of the connection and disconnection of space units that form the space structure, it suggests that the distribution of signs and the degree of recognition can adjust the degree of connection and disconnection. Even though exhibition spaces for research subjects were selected from a relatively large number of museums, but the research was limited with a focus on the structure of exhibition space and sign systems. Thus, it is proposed that future studies should be conducted by including varieties of exhibition and environmental factors.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 깊이 카메라를 이용한 사용자의 손 모양 인식 시스템을 제안한다. 특히, 본 시스템에서 이용된 손 모양 템플릿은 수화 언어 중 한국어를 채택 하였다. 손 모양 인식 시스템은 손의 특징 검출과 특징들을 이용한 손 인식으로 크게 2 단계의 작업으로 나눌 수 있다. 손의 특징으로는 손가락의 개수, 길이, 손바닥의 넓이 등이 있다. 특징을 추출하기 위해 본 논문에서는 거리 변환(Distance Transform)을 이용한 손의 뼈대 검출 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법을 사용하면 기존의 윤곽선(Contour)을 이용한 손가락 검출보다 정확도 측면에서 향상된다. 손 모양 인식으로 손의 특징을 이용하여 각 분기를 잘 나눌 수 있는 결정 트리(Decision Tree)를 사용한다. 사용자의 입력을 이용하면 분기값이 정확하게 나오지 못하므로 이 분기 값을 결정하기 위해 해당 분기마다 SVM을 이용하여 분기값을 결정하였다. 실험결과에서는 기존의 연구 방법보다 제안된 방법이 특징 추출과 인식하는데 있어 더욱 개선되었음을 보인다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.112-121
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• 2016

ADAS(Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) and street furniture information collecting car like as MMS(Mobile Mapping System), they require object location estimation method for recognizing spatial information of object in road images. But, the case of conventional methods, these methods require additional hardware module for gathering spatial information of object and have high computational complexity. In this paper, for a coordinate of road sign in single camera image, a position estimation scheme of object in road images is proposed using the relationship between the pixel and object size in real world. In this scheme, coordinate value and direction are used to get coordinate value of a road sign in images after estimating the equation related on pixel and real size of road sign. By experiments with test video set, it is confirmed that proposed method has high accuracy for mapping estimated object coordinate into commercial map. Therefore, proposed method can be used for MMS in commercial region.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.281-308
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• 2009

일차방정식의 해결 과정에서 어떤 문항은 등호('=')관계를 올바르게 표현하고, 다른 문항은 등호('=')관계를 올바르게 표현하지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 학생들이 등호('=') 관계를 올바르게 표현할 수 있는지, 표현할 수 없는지는 문항에 따라 그 반응이 다르게 나타나므로 여러 문항에 대한 테스트를 한 후에 비교 분석하여 학습지도 방향을 설정하고, 교수 학습지도가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 일차방정식의 풀이 방법이 제시되지 않은 문항에서 방정식의 해를 구한 대부분의 학생들은 이항을 사용하여 해결 하였다. 등식의 성질을 사용하여 해결하라는 문항에서도 등식의 성질을 사용하여 해결하기 보다는 이항을 사용하여 해결한 학생들이 대부분 이었다. 등식의 성질과 이항을 모두 사용하여 방정식을 해결할 수 있도록 교수 학습이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.666-671
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• 2017

A disturbance-observer-based adaptive neural tracker design problem is investigated for a class of perturbed uncertain non-affine nonlinear systems with unknown control direction. A nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) design methodology using neural networks is presented to construct a tracking control scheme with the attenuation effect of an external disturbance. Compared with previous control results using NDO for nonlinear systems in non-affine form, the major contribution of this paper is to design a NDO-based adaptive tracker without the sign information of the control coefficient. The stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed in the sense of Lyapunov stability.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2015

Many researches have been studied to overcome the weak points in authentication schemes of mobile devices such as pattern-authentication that is vulnerable for smudge-attack. Since random-pattern-lock authenticates users by drawing figure of predefined-shape, it can be a method for robust security. However, the authentication performance of random-pattern-lock is influenced by input noise and individual characteristics sign pattern. We introduce an optimization method of user input direction to increase the authentication accuracy of random-pattern-lock. The method uses the likelihood of each direction given an data which is angles of line drawing by user. We adjusted recognition range for each direction and achieved the authentication rate of 95.60%.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.170-171
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• 2015

Resource procurement and material handling are considered as a significant part of construction project especially in large or tall building construction site. There are multiple variables that must be considered in a construction site during finishing work such as movement of materials, equipments, and workers. Therefore, it is difficult for construction workers to find the material handling path solely by intuition. The aim of this study is to propose a real-time path finding model suitable for complicated logistics flow in the field. The model explores the optimal transport path of finishing material with its basis on optimization algorithm, and it determines the direction of the Smart Sign. The proposed model is expected to be utilized for planning of efficient finishing material handling.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.424-427
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• 1997

To study the NMR chemical shift arising from the 5f-electron orbital angular momentum and the 5f-electron spin dipolar-nuclear spin angular momentum interactions, the evaluation of the hyperfine integrals has been extended to any pairs of SCF type 5f orbitals adopting a general method which is applicable to a general vector R, pointing in any direction in space. From the electronic wavefunctions for 5f orbitals expressed in common coordinate system, the radial part of the hyperfine interaction integrals are derived by translating the exponential part, r2 exp(-2βr), in terms of R, rN and the modified Bessel functions. The radial integals for 5f orbitals are tabulated in analytical forms. When two of the hyperfine integrals along the (100), (010), (001), (110), and (111) axes are calculated using the derived radial integrals, the calculated values for the 5f system change sign for R-values larger than R　0.35 nm. But the calculated values for the 4f systems change sign for R-values larger than R　0.20 nm.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.140-146
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• 2011

지능형교통체계(ITS) 정책의 일환으로 도로전광표지의 보급이 확대됨에 따라 그에 따른 유지보수의 비용 증가하고 있다. 본 논문은 도로전광표지의 공기저항 저감을 위하여 곡면 U형, 곡면 C형, 통풍형 공기저항 저감 구조를 제안하였으며 유동해석을 통해 제안한 공기저항 저감 표출부 함체의 풍하중 영향을 분석하였다. 풍직각 방향과 좌우 $45^{\circ}$ 방향, 상하 $45^{\circ}$ 방향에 대한 유동해석 결과, 곡면 C형 모델과 통풍형 세 가지 모델의 경우 풍방향 전 방향에 걸쳐 기본형 도로전광 표지에 대해 약 30% 정도의 풍하중 저감율이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 곡면 U형 모델은 기본형 도로전광표지 대비풍직각 방향과 풍방향 좌우 $45^{\circ}$ 방향에 대해서는 풍하중 저감효과가 있으나 풍방향이 상하 $45^{\circ}$ 방향으로 작용할 경우 풍하중 저감 효과가 미비한 것으로 나타났다. 향후 본 연구의 분석 결과를 토대로 도로전광표지의 공기저항을 줄여 태풍으로 인한 피해가 예상되는 곳에 적용 가능하고, 나아가 도로전광표지 지지구조물의 경량화가 가능해짐으로써 도로전광표지의 설치장소 제약을 완화시킬 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2015

Purpose: Signs that are installed at unnoticeable places or that disconnect before the destination can bring errors of location information delivery. Therefore, this study aims to find out the spatial relation between structure of space and signs in the perspective of visual exposure possibility, operating arrangement and assesment by applying spatial structure theory. Methods: Effectiveness of organization of guidance signs was evaluated after the four way-finding factors(Plan Configuration, Sign System, Perceptual Access, Architectural Difference) that G.D.Weisman suggested were interpreted by spatial structure theory(J-Graph analysis, Space Syntax, Visual Graph Analysis) under the premise that it is closely related to the structure of space. Results: 1) Because the south corridor that connects each department of outpatient division is located in the hierarchy center of the space, and walking density is expected to be high, guidance signs need to be organized at the place with high integration value. 2) The depth to the destination space can be estimated through J-Graph analysis. The depth means a switch of direction, and the guidance signs are needed according to the number. 3) According to visibility graph analysis, visual exposure can be different in the same hierarchy unit space according to the shape of the flat surface. Based on these data, location adjustment of signs is possible, and the improvement effect can be estimated quantitatively. Implications: Spatial structure theory can be utilized to design and evaluate sign systems, and it helps to clearly understand the improvement effect. It is desirable to specify design and estimation of sign systems in the order of J-Graph analysis${\rightarrow}$Space Syntax Theory${\rightarrow}$visibility graph analysis.