• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2024

We aimed to assess the evolution of small-strain stiffness and relative density in non-compacted embankment layers. We developed embedded type in-situ soil stiffness measurement devices for monitoring small-strain stiffness occurring after filling at a test site and conducted comprehensive laboratory compaction tests using an oedometer cell with a bender element. However, direct comparison is extremely difficult because the shear wave velocity measured in the field and laboratory depend on depth and effective stress, respectively. Therefore, we propose a method for establishing a relationship between effective stress and depth using a compressibility model. In this study, the shear wave velocity measured in the field was compared to the estimated shear wave velocity-depth profiles for completely dry and saturated conditions with different relative densities. The relative density under saturated soil conditions may vary between 50% and 90% and tends to be closer to 95%. Under dry soil conditions, the relative density of the embankment can vary from 30% to 70% and tends to approach 76%. For model validation, the relative density estimated from shear wave velocity-depth profiles was compared to that estimated from DCPI data. In other words, the results analyzed in the context of an effective stress-depth model enable the prediction of engineering properties such as the small-strain stiffness and relative density of embankment layers. This study demonstrates that physics-based data analyses successfully capture the relative density of non-compacted embankment layers.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 할선강성을 사용하여 반복계산을 수행하는 새로운 내진설계법을 개발하였다. 개발한 설계법은 탄성해석을 수행하므로 수치해석의 안정성과 용이성을 갖추고 있으며, 동시에 반복계산으로 구조물의 비탄성 거동을 해석할 수 있으므로 각 부재의 강도 및 연성 요구량을 정확히 예측할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 제안된 설계법의 절차를 정립하였고, 이를 고려한 컴퓨터 해석/설계 프로그램을 개발하였다. 또한, 제안된 설계법을 사용한 설계예제를 제시하였고, 탄성 혹은 비탄성 해석을 이용한 기존 설계법과의 비교를 통하여 그 장점을 검증하였다. 해석과 설계를 통합적으로 수행하는 제안된 설계법은 설계자의 의도에 따라 부재의 강도 및 연성능력, 강기둥-약보 등과 같은 내진설계전략을 효과적으로 구현할 수 있으며, 초기설계단계에서 각 부재의 크기만이 가정된 구조물에 대하여 반복계산을 수행함으로써 주어진 설계전략을 만족하는 비탄성 강도 및 연성 요구량을 직접적으로 계산할 수 있으므로, 경제적이고 안전한 내진설계가 가능하다.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1993년도 제18회 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.85-91
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• 1993

Air-Lubricated tilting pad journal bearing that has high stability is analyzed by using the direct method, and this bearing is usually used to need high precision. The pressure that supports the shaft is occured by the differences between the shaft and pads radii of curvatures. So the characteristics of load capacity for their variable values is important. In this paper the load capacity is compared with some of the eccentricity ratio values. The large load oapacity comes form large eccentricity ratio, high bearing number and high preload. But if the preload becomes too high, the shaft comes into contact with the pads. Stiffness and damping coefficients are compared with some of the preload, too. The coefficients decreased along compressibility number with constant load.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
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• pp.237-240
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• 2006

This paper investigates the applicability of modularized floating structure. A floating parking place is considered as an example of moularized structure. It is assumed that the example structure is composed of reinforced concrete box modules and steel connectors. By analyzing stresses of the structure under static and wave loads, the optimal stiffness of the module is determined In the numerical calculation, the direct method is used Economical effectiveness of the modularized structure is also evaluated by analyzing cost for materials, manufacture and installation.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 1994

The static and dynamic analysis of air lubricatied tilting pad journal bearing which considers tilting effect of each pad, preload but which neglects pad inertia effect and deflection are performed. A direct numerical method is used in evaluating the static characteristics such as load carrying capacity, friction force and small peturbation method is used for calculation of dynamic characteristics. Stiffness and damping coefficients are compared with the variation of the preload. And these coefficients are slightly decreased with increased compressibility number under the constant bearing load carrying capacity.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제17권3호통권76호
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• pp.307-316
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 철도교량에 교량받침으로 사용될 수 있는 4종류의 고무패드의 사용상의 특성을 분석하고, 강성과 감쇠비를 결정하기 위한 방법을 제시하였다. 고무패드의 강성을 결정하기 위해서는 정적 실험을 통한 직접적인 방법과 동적 실험을 통한 간접적인 방법이 가능하다. 본 연구에서 두 가지 방법에 의해서 고무패드의 강성을 평가하고 비교하였다. 고무패드의 감쇠비는 동적 실험에 의해서만 파악이 가능하며 폴리우레탄 고무의 경우 천연고무나 크로로프렌 고무와 유사한 감쇠비를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 폴리우레탄 고무는 천연고무나 크로로프렌 고무에 비해 경도가 크기 때문에 작은 면적으로도 큰 하중을 견딜 수 있으며, 또한 같은 형상계수를 가지는 패드에서도 더 큰 강성을 보여 철도교의 교좌로서 활용성이 더 큰 것으로 판단되었다. 천연고무나 크로로프렌 고무 패드는 수직하중에 의한 수평 변형이 크게 발생하는데 비해, 폴리우레탄 고무패드는 수직하중에 의한 수평방향의 변형이 거의 발생하지 않기 때문에 보강재에 의한 보강이 필요하지 않다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2013

In present 3D CFD study, the method for determining leakage and rotordynamic coefficients of a plain-gas seal is suggested by using the relative coordinate system for steady-state simulation. In order to find the effect of pre-swirl speed at seal inlet, pre-swirl velocity is included as a parameter. Present analysis is verified by comparison with results acquired from Bulk-flow analysis code and published experimental results. The results of 3D CFD rotordynamic coefficients of direct stiffness(K) and cross-coupled stiffness(k) show improvements in prediction. As pre-swirl speed at seal inlet increases, k also increases to destabilize system. However, pre-swirl speed at seal inlet does not show sensitivity to the leakage and rotordynamic coefficients of K and damping(C).

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.698-702
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• 2005

Natural modes and responses of floating structures under wave loads are analyzed by direct method considering the stiffness of unit connections. Tow types of connection such as tandem connection and side by side connection are considered in numerical examples. By analyzing natural modes and connection forces, influences of connection stiffness on responses of floating structures are investigated.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1999년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.84-87
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• 1999

This paper proposes an interfaces control system to drive a ultrasonic motors(USMs). To touch surfaces and objects created within a virtua environment, the 3 DOF force-reflecting interfaces provides force feedback to users, so to feel touching real things. To effectively display the mechanical impedance of the human hand we need a device with specific characteristics, such as low inertia almost zero friction and very high stiffness. As an actuator for direct drive method, the USMs have many good advantages satisfied these conditions over conventional servo motors. To estimate capability of this interface, we did an experiment. The device works very well, as user are able to detect the edge of the wall and the stiffness of the button.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2000

Oil seals will experience a small amplitude dynamic excitation due to the shaft eccentricity as well as out-of-roundness of the shaft. The direct integration method is selected to analyze the time domain response of the seal lip-shaft contact. The physical properties of rubber seal materials are experimentally analyzed. Effects of both frequency and temperature on the material stiffness behavior are investigated for the linear viscoelastic materials of the seal. Using the nonlinear transient model, a finite element analysis of the lip-shaft contact behaviors under dynamic conditions is presented as a function of the shaft eccentricity, the shaft interference and the garter spring stiffness. The FEM results based on the experimental data indicate that the increased rotating speed may produce the separation conditions. These results will be very useful in predicting the leakage of oil seals under dynamic conditions.