• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.383-393
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the condition of the production facilities of severely impaired products for two years from 2017 to 2018, and to suggest ways to improve the preferential purchase system for the severely disabled comparison with previous study. As of June 2018, 267 out of 544 sites were research and analyzed. As a result, first, the average number of severely disabled workers is 16.51, and the total number of workers, disabled workers who participated in direct production, and non-disabled workers showed the trend of increase in 2018. Second, the average monthly wage of workers with disabilities participating in direct production increased slightly from 790,977 won in 2017 to 829,810 won in 2018. Third, Analysis of changes in sales of production facilities before and after designations showed that overall sales of production facilities increased after designations and after designations. Improvement measures include preferential purchase rate improvement and support for production facilities and purchasing public institutions, classification of roles of performance organizations, Clarification of the role of priority purchasing promotion committee for products produced by people with severe disabilities, complementing the minimum wage exclusion system.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.117-126
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• 2009

Total number of recorded earthquakes in Korea is more than 2,000 of which 48 were catastrophic. The impacts from infrastructure damage due to an earthquake to production facilities and lifelines may spread across boundaries of several regions via import-export relationships and can bring serious economic impact to other regions. The economic impacts from unscheduled events stem not only from the damage and direct losses, but also from the indirect losses during the recovery and reconstruction periods. To recover and reconstruct the facilities and lifelines damaged by unexpected events through investment or government financial aid, both the direct and the indirect economic impacts from an event need to be measured in regional and interregional contexts. Direct economic impact is the direct change of production and demand due to the disruption of production facilities and lifelines from an unexpected event, and indirect economic impact is the change in other sectors due to inter-industry relationships. The purpose of the paper is to analyze various economic impacts of an earthquake, especially impacts on transportation networks in Korea. We collected spatial and economic data from Korea, and analyzed and estimated final demand loss and commodity flows from the unscheduled event.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.15-23
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• 2021

As the construction production system is reorganized as part of the construction industry innovation plan, direct construction is expanding. According to this trend, this study analyzed the impact and problems of the expansion of direct construction through the position of the construction industry and a study of foreign cases. In addition, by diagnosing the impact of the measures to expand direct construction from various aspects, countermeasures were suggested to suitably apply the direct construction mandatory system. Also, for each alternative, effects and problems were evaluated through interviews with experts in policy/administrative and architecture fields. The alternatives for expanding and improving the efficiency of the direct construction mandatory system derived from this study are four items: granting the discretion of the client, differentiation by scale of construction, utilization of construction guarantee system, and introduction of flexible working group leader system. As a result of the expert interview, all of them were evaluated to have a positive impact directly and indirectly on the expansion of direct construction. This study contributes literature to the application of the direct construction mandatory system by examining the current status of direct construction, and suggests a direction for expanding direct construction through deduction of alternatives for applying the direct construction mandatory system and expert evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 1995

This experiments were carried out to investigate the viabilities and the pregnancy rate of frozen-thawed IVF bovine embryos in various media, cryoprotectants and age of embryos produced. Hanwoo oocyte were collected in size of 2~7mm follicles, matured for 20~22hrs at 38.5$^{\circ}C$ in 5% CO2 incubator and then in vitro fertilized with Hanwoo semen. Blastocysts or more developed embryos at Day 7, 8 and 9 were frozen in 1.5 or 1.8M ethylene glycol. Viability of frozen thawed IVF embryos were identified the reformation of blastocoele after thawing and culture for 24~48 hours at 38.5$^{\circ}C$ in 5% CO2 incubator. Production rate of Hanwoo IVF embryos in TCM 199 and CR1aa ws 21.3%(39/183) and 28.1%(41/146), respectively. The viability of frozen thawed IVF embryos was higher rate in 1.8M ethylene glycol and Day 7 embryos than that in 1.5M and Day 8.53 cows out of 100 Hanwoo receipients transfered IVF embryos were pregnant and twin production rate was 26.3%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.209-214
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• 2002

We developed a small, remote controlled observation ship that can reduce the cost of gathering data for marine and coastal environments. The control system is composed of three microprocessors, one is for overall mission control, another for control of propulsion motors, and the other for sensor operation. For communication system, we adopt direct and indirect methods based on the wireless modem of commercial cellular telephone. The former is a direct communication between the modems of the ship and the server, and the latter is an indirect communication via internet between the ship and the server. The performance of the ship is demonstrated with the results produced by sets of experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.199-206
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• 2005

Mask manufacturing is a high COC and COO process in developing of semiconductor devices because of mask production tool with high resolution. Direct writing has been thought to be the one of the patterning method to cope with development or small-lot production of the device. This study consists two categories. One is the additional process of the direct and maskless patterning generation using SLA for easy and convenient application and the other is a removal process using wet-etching process. In this study, cured status of epoxy pattern is most important parameter because of the beer-lambert law according to the diffusion of UV light. In order to improve the contact force between patterns and substrate, prime process was performed and to remove the semi-cured resin which makes a bad effects to the pattern, spin cleaning process using TPM was also performed. At a removal process, contact force between photo-curable resin as an etching mask and Si wafer is important parameter.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1991

When a geometric modeling of a hull form for ship design and hull production is done, a hull fairing is a tedious process which wastes a lot of time, but it is unavoidable because hull consist of the sculptured surfaces. This paper presents the mathematical method of the direct fairing to overcome the tediousness of cross fairing. Bi-cubic B-spline surface description was adopted for the representation of the hull surface. The fairing process was executed by minimizing the strain energy in a shell plate. The color-encoded Gaussian curvature and strain energy were visualized on the screen to illustrate the fairness of the surface. The geometric information generated from the faired hull surface model was interfaced with the basic design calculation package and the hull production system.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.26-37
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• 2008

Objective : The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of NaisoOkseol-Tang (NOT) on solid tumor in mice in terms of immune-potentiating and direct cytotoxic action of NOT in vitro and vivo study. Methods: The present author investigated thymocyte proliferation and NO production to confirm immune-potentiating activity of NOT and also investigated body/tumor weight and survival rates in tumor bearing mice. In this study, administration of NOT decreased tumor/weight ratio significantly, and prolonged survival duration compared to non-treated control. Treatment with NOT also elevated proliferation rates of thymocytes isolated from tumor bearing mice. Results: In vitro study, treatment with NOT suppressed proliferation rate of Sarcoma 180 (S-180) cells. Contrary, treatment with NOT elevated proliferation rate of thymocytes. These results were co-related with in vivo study. In addition, NO production from abdominal macrophages isolated from normal mice was not affected by treatment with NOT. Conclusion : NOT is useful to treat patient with solid tumor, because NOT has direct toxic action for tumor cell and immune-potentiating action for T cells.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.70-76
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• 1999

Rice farming is not only the most important income resources of Korean farmers but also the roots of Korean traditional culture. Paddy fields have acted as an food supply base but also have contributed to the public multi-functions such as flood control, water conservation, controlling soil erosion, providing recreational and resting spaces, water purification, air cleaning, oxygen supply and air cooling and so on. The public multi-functions of paddy except rice production have not been evaluated before UR negotiation and starting WTO system. Under the drastic changes of rice economic settings as price decrease of rice and downward decrease of farm income, Korean and Japanese farmers might have lost their intention to grow rice in paddy fields without the direct payment system to compensate rice income decrease. To adapt the direct payment system, the total public value of multi-function of paddy should be identified in terms of money. According to the research results, the total value of multi-functional value of paddy in Korea were estimated 21,596thousand won which is higher than rice production value by 2.1 times. On the other hand the total value of Japanese paddy were amounted to 21,390 Yen which is more than that of Korea by 10times outstandingly. Likewise Japanese have evaluated the paddy field very important enterprise from the view point of food security and multi -functions of paddy to their socio-economic life and environmental sustainability in Japan.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.335-338
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• 2010

Passage of 2000 United Broadcasting Law was included the viewer right guarantee reinforcement provision which is relation of broadcasting participation and directness of the citizen and access broadcasting introduction relation provision. It guarantees an access program time zone in representative ground green onion public management broadcasting, in order for new media broadcasting the cable TV which is the possibility of doing and to case of Direct Broadcasting by Satellite the audience will want to organize a case where audience direct production program.