• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-17
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• 1999

As the loss from break-downs and errors, which became more frequent with the growth of elaborateness, complexity and in scale of the plant and equipments, are enormous, the improvement in the reliability, maintenance, safety, and qualify become to have interest. The fault diagnosis is a systematic and unified method to find errors, which is based on the interpretation that data, subconsciously, have noises. But, as most of the methods are inferences based on binomial logic, the uncertainty is not correctly reflected. In this study, we suggest, to manage the uncertainty in the system efficiently on the point of predictive maintenance, We should use fuzzy expert system, which make the decision considering uncertainty possible by taking linguistical variable and fixed quantity by using the fuzzy theory concepts on the basis of an expert's direct observation and experience.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.69.2-69.2
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• 2013

The direct detection of gravitational wave has a very important meaning as a basis for verification of the theory of relativity. Several laser interferometer detectors have attempted to detect GW directly (e.g. LIGO, VIRGO), but positional accuracy of GW detector is too wide (about 10~100sq deg) to find which objects emit GW. One of the main sources of GW is gamma-ray burst which can be detected even in electromagnetic wave. Then to verify Gamma-ray burst object as a GW source, we proceed EM follow-up observation with wide field of view. A first program initiating EM follow-ups to possible transients GW events has been developed and exercised by LIGO and VIRGO community in association with several partners. Using QUEST optical data, we tested the method of cross-convolution recommended by EM follow-up community. We will describe the results of that test.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.74-81
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• 2003

This paper describes that the micro-cutting of WC-Co using PCD (Polycrystalline Diamond) and PcBN (Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride) cutting tools are performed with SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) direct observation method. The purpose of this study is to present reasonable cutting conditions to obtain precise finished surface and machining efficiency. Summary of the results are shown below: (1) The thrust cutting forces tend to increase more than the principal forces as the depth of cut and the cuttlllg speed are increased preferably on orthogonal microcutting. (2) The tool wear in the flank face was formed larger than that in the rake face on orthogonal micro cutting. (3) The wear appearance for PCD tools is abraded by hard WC particles of the work materials, which lead diamond grain to be detached from the bond.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2017

How to manage manhole is to estimate the part without observation and maintain the sewer. To get the information about current flow rate, visiting and measuring specific manhole is positively necessary. Also, there are some problems that accurate measurement of flow rate is difficult and obtaining the information about real-time whole flow rate is impossible. This thesis will easily grasp the accurate location and type of manhole to solve the problems, and provide the manhole system conveying information through direct radio communication with a manhole cover to renewal information of manhole properly. Besides, it intends to save the information about management of waterworks, maintenance of facilities, data for flow rate, and structure of manhole. Using these, it is supposed to offer how to handle manhole. Thus, this thesis delivers the information to manhole and into central servers directly without wire and provides the system and management method for effective maintenance of manhole.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.246-251
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• 1990

Intermolecular interaction between barbiturates and membrane components such as phospholipid and cholesterol were investigated on $^1$H-NMR spectra and infrared spectra. According to previous reports, barbiturates interacted with phospholipid through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. We also investigated thi observation using dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) as phospholipid in deuterochloroform, and characterized quantitatively. Also, the observed drug could interact with cholesterol which is one of the major components of biomembranes through hydrogen bonds. It was the carbonyl groups of barbiturate and the hydroxyl group of cholesterol that formed hydrogen bond complex. In addition to spectroscopic studies, we investigated the direct effect of phenobarbital on lipid multibilayer vesicles, whose compositions were varied, by calorimetric method. Phenobarbital caused a reduction in the temperature of phase transition of vesicles. These studies may provided a basis for interpreting the mode of action of barbiturates.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.51
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• pp.2.1-2.7
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• 2021

Synaptic vesicles, which are endogenous to neurotransmitters, are involved in exocytosis by active potentials and release neurotransmitters. Synaptic vesicles used in neurotransmitter release are reused via endocytosis to maintain a pool of synaptic vesicles. Synaptic vesicles show different types of exo- and endocytosis depending on animal species, type of nerve cell, and electrical activity. To accurately understand the dynamics of synaptic vesicles, direct observation of synaptic vesicles is required; however, it was difficult to observe synaptic vesicles of size 40-50 nm in living neurons. The exo-and endocytosis of synaptic vesicles was confirmed by labeling the vesicles with a fluorescent agent and measuring the changes in fluorescence intensity. To date, various methods of labeling synaptic vesicles have been proposed, and each method has its own characteristics, strength, and drawbacks. In this study, we introduce methods that can measure presynaptic activity and describe the characteristics of each technique.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2015

We propose a method for simultaneously measuring the front and back surface profiles of transparent optical components. The proposed method combines dual-wavelength transmission deflectometry with liquids to record distorted phases at different wavelengths, and then numerically reconstructs the three-dimensional phase information to image the front and back surfaces of the lens. We propose a theoretical model to determine the surface information, and a bifocal lens is experimentally investigated. Unlike conventional transmission deflectometry, our proposed method supports direct observation of the front and back surface profiles of the optical elements.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2003

In this study, two types of biodegradable resins-based clay nanocomposites, in which organic montmorillonite clay was filled, were prepared by the direct melt blending method. In order to characterize the nanocomposite structure, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and TEM observation were performed. Characterization of the nanocomposites shows that intercalated and partially exfoliated structures were generated by the melt blending method. Mechanical and rheological properties of the nanocomposites were measured respectively. For the mechanical properties, there were improvements in tensile strength and Young's modulus of the nanocomposites due to the reinforcement of nanoparticles. The rheological behaviors of the nanocomposites were significantly affected by the degree of the dispersion of the organoclay. The storage modulus of the nanocomposites was measured and the degree of the dispersion of the organoclay was evaluated from the value of the terminal slope of the storage modulus. In addition, the quantity of the shear necessary for making the nanocomposite for melt intercalation method was estimated from the relationship between the value of the terminal slope of the storage modulus and the applied shear.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.5 s.52
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• pp.141-150
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to understand the present status of life style and housing demands of residents in Yoing-in and Kwang-Ju in Kyung-Ki province, Korea. Field study methods were carried out practically using participant observation method and open-ended interview method, and the data were gotten by sketch, recording, photograph and memo. As a result, the followings were proposed. First, it was necessary to hide or reduce of the neighborhood's noise or direct view because those people thought the invasion of the privacy problem was very severe. The master planning of the complex method could be an alternative plan for this kind of problems. Second, it was needed to be the planning that could follow up the out-door friendly situations. To achieve this, the in between living space are needed that connected the outside and inside of the house. Third, the planning of the housing space should flexible for each participant's needs of the future. To achieve this, each unit in the suburban housing complexes should be fixed to the each character of the people's various needs.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.452-461
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• 2007

Adaptive anti-sway and trajectory tracking control of overhead crane is presented, which utilizes Fuzzy Uncertainty Observer(FUO) and Fuzzy based Variable Structure Control(FVSC). We consider an overhead crane system which can be decoupled into the actuated and unactuated subsystems with its own lumped uncertainty such as parameter uncertainties and external disturbance. First, a new method for anti-sway control using FVSC is proposed to improve the conventional method based on Lyapunov direct method, while a conventional trajectory tracking control law using feedback linearization is directly adopted. Second, FUO is designed to estimate one of the two lumped uncertainties which can compensate both of them, based on the fact that two lumped uncertainties are coupled with each other. Then, an adaptive anti-sway control is proposed by incorporating the proposed FVSC and FUO. Under the condition that the observation error is Uniformly Ultimately Bounded(UUB) within an arbitrarily shrinkable region, the overall closed-loop system is shown to be Globally Uniformly Ultimately Bounded(GUUB). In addition, the Global Asymptotic Stability(GAS) of it is shown under the vanishing disturbance assumption. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme has been confirmed by numerical simulations.