• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.468-472
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• 2013

A 12-year-old intact female mixed dog (weighing 6.2 kg) was referred with primary complaints of severe abdominal distension, persistent coughing and exercise intolerance. Diagnostic studies found ascites, jugular distension, loud left and right apical systolic (grade 4/6) murmur, generalized cardiomegaly with caudal vena cava distension and left atrial dilation. Echocardiographic findings were consistent with degenerative mitral and tricuspid valve endocardiosis and bi-ventricular congestive heart failure. There was also a left to right shunting patent foramen ovale. The LV systolic function is depressed relative to the degree of volume overload. Based on diagnostic findings, this case was diagnosed as PFO complicated with mitral and tricuspid valve endocardiosis with ISACHC IIIa heart failure. The dog was treated with furosemide (2 mg/kg, q12hr, PO), sildenafil (1 mg/kg, q8hr, PO), pimobendan (0.3 mg/kg, q12hr, PO), enalapril (0.5 mg/kg, q12hr, PO) and spironolactone (1 mg/kg, q12hr). The clinical signs were gradually improved after medical therapy.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2008

Based on similarities between fuzzy set theory and mathematical morphology, Grabish proposed a fuzzy morphology based on the Sugeno fuzzy integral. This paper proposes a fuzzy mathematical morphology based on the defuzzification of the fuzzy measure which corresponds to fuzzy integral. Its process makes a fuzzy set used as a measure of the inclusion of each fuzzy measure for subsets. To calculate such an integral a $\lambda$-fuzzy measure is defined which gives every subsets associated with the universe of discourse, a definite non-negative weight. Fast implementable definitions for erosion and dilation based on the fuzzy measure was given. An application for robust skeletonization of two-dimensional objects was presented. Simulation examples showed that the object reconstruction from their skeletal subsets that can be achieved by using the proposed was better than by using the binary mathematical morphology in most cases.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2015

A segmentation process extracts an interesting area of barcode in an image and gives a crucial impart on the performance of barcode verifier. Previous segmentation methods occurs some issues as follows. First, it is very hard to determine a threshold of length in Hough Line transform because it is sensitive. Second, Morphology transform delays the process when you conduct dilation and erosion operations during the image extraction. Therefore, we proposes a novel Converged Harris Corner detection-based segmentation method to detect an interesting area of barcode in Data Matrix. In order to evaluate the performance of proposed method, we conduct experiments by a dataset of barcode in accordance with size and location in an image. In result, our method solves the problems of delay and surrounding environments, threshold setting, and extracts the barcode area 100% from test images.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.217-220
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• 2018

A female Russian rat snake, Elaphe schrenckii, was presented for loss of movement. Physical examination showed the swelling in the area of heart. Radiographic examination revealed cardiomegaly, pericardial effusion, and a soft opacity in the area of swelling. Although pericardiocentesis to remove fluid out from the heart as well as vigorous treatments were given to the Russian rat snake, it died during treatments. Postmortem examination confirmed pericardial effusion of pale yellow, translucent fluid with mild dilation of the right atrium and ventricle. Formalin -fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections were stained with routine H&E and the classical von Kossa's method for histopathological demonstration. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal calcification in myocardium and consists of the displacement of muscular fiber by limy deposits. Congestive heart failure was suspicious for the snake when it was alive. In wild reptiles, muscle degeneration has been reported with nutrition disorders but the present case is the first report of myocardial degeneration in a Russian rat snake and contributes to the rare reports of cardiac disease in snakes.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2020

Purpose: Preterm infants are at high risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as a means of predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in this population. It is controversial whether diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) represents damage to the white matter or delayed myelination in preterm infants. This study investigated MRI findings for predicting the severity of neurodevelopmental outcomes and assessing whether preterm infants with DEHSI near term-equivalent age have abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes. Materials and Methods: Preterm infants (n = 64, gestational age at birth < 35 weeks) undergoing brain MRI near term-equivalent age and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated between 18 and 24 months of age. The associations of MRI findings and the risk of severe cognitive delay, severe psychomotor delay, cerebral palsy (CP), and neurosensory impairment were analyzed. The associations of DEHSI with risks of severe cognitive delay, severe psychomotor delay, CP, and neurosensory impairment (hearing or visual impairment) were analyzed. Outcome data were evaluated by logistic regression and the Fisher's exact test. Results: There were significant associations between abnormal white matter findings and delayed mental development, delayed psychomotor development, neurosensory impairment, and presence of CP. The presence of DEHSI was not correlated with delayed neurodevelopmental outcomes or presence of CP. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, cystic encephalomalacia, punctate lesion, loss of white matter volume and ventricular dilation were significantly associated with CP. Conclusion: Abnormal MRI findings near term-equivalent age in preterm infants predict adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. No significant association between DEHSI and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes was demonstrated.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.165-176
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• 1983

The hyalinized zone in compressed periodontal ligament seems to be an unavoidable aspect during certain phases of orthodontically produced tooth movement. And these hyalinized zones leads to a standstill of tooth movement. But when hyalinized zones disappears after a certain period of time and tooth movement is established. In the basic aspect of clinical science of orthodontics, it is very important, to study about the process involved and to establish whether a difference of periodontal response by the amount of the applied experimental force exists. The 35 Guineapigs were divided into the control group (5 animals) and the experimental group (Group I-Group VI 30 animals). The experimental tooth movement of Guineapig's maxillary incisors were carried out by rendering continuous force, 5g (Group I, Group II) 35g (Group III, Group IV), 100g (Group V, Group VI) respectively. 15 animals (Group I, Group III, Group V) were sacrificed one week after this experiment. Another 15 animals (Group II, Group IV, Group VI) were sacrificed one week after the removal of active appliences. At the end of the experimental periods, specimens containing tooth and adjacent periodontal structure were obtained and processed for light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows: 1. In Group I, cellular changes of pressured zones showed swollen mitochondria, dilation of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER), vesicles and pyknosis of nucleus. 2. In Group III and Group V, the hyalinized tissues showed cell necrosis accompaning ruptures of cytoplasmic membrane and perinuclear envelope, large cytoplasmic vacuoles and many necrotic cell debris. 3. In Group IV and Group VI, hyalinized tissue were eliminated and the primitive mesenchymal cells and blood capillaries were proliferated. 4. In group V, the destruction of the collagenous fibers were observed, while in group I and group III were not observed. 5. In Croup IV and Group VI, the hyalinized zones were still remained partly.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.430-436
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• 2014

Matrix-star and Half-Pancake graphs are modified versions of Star graphs, and has some good characteristics such as node symmetry and fault tolerance. This paper analyzes embedding between Matrix-star and Half-Pancake graphs. As a result, Matrix-star graphs $MS_{2,n}$ can be embedded into Half-Pancake graphs $HP_{2n}$ with dilation 5 and expansion 1. Also, Half Pancake Graphs, $HP_{2n}$ can be embedded into Matrix Star Graphs, $MS_{2,n}$ with the expansion cost, O(n). This result shows that algorithms developed from Star Graphs can be applied at Half Pancake Graphs with additional constant cost because Star Graphs, $S_n$ is a part graph of Matrix Star Graphs, $MS_{2,n}$.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.34-50
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• 1996

The present experiment was desinged to investigate the effects of Tongdosan water extracts on the Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral admini- stration. Measurment of Mortality rate was observed for measuring the effect of Tongdosan water extract. Tongdosan water extract against pulmonary thrombo- embolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1ml/10g, 2mg/kg B.W) plus serotonin(5mg/kg B.W) in mouse. The effect of Tongdosan water extract was examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as followings. 1. Tongdosan dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 2. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 3. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 4. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembo- lism by serotonin and collagen. 5. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 6. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 7. The drug reduced the fibrinogen lyses time of rat ex vivo assay and lyses area was increased. 8. Tongdosan reduced fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results, Tongdosan increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin acivity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.32-37
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• 2016

This paper proposes two measurement methods for injured rate of fish surface using color image segmentation method based on K-means clustering algorithm and Otsu's threshold algorithm. To do this task, the following steps are done. Firstly, an RGB color image of the fish is obtained by the CCD color camera and then converted from RGB to HSI. Secondly, the S channel is extracted from HSI color space. Thirdly, by applying the K-means clustering algorithm to the HSI color space and applying the Otsu's threshold algorithm to the S channel of HSI color space, the binary images are obtained. Fourthly, morphological processes such as dilation and erosion, etc. are applied to the binary image. Fifthly, to count the number of pixels, the connected-component labeling is adopted and the defined injured rate is gotten by calculating the pixels on the labeled images. Finally, to compare the performances of the proposed two measurement methods based on the K-means clustering algorithm and the Otsu's threshold algorithm, the edge detection of the final binary image after morphological processing is done and matched with the gray image of the original RGB image obtained by CCD camera. The results show that the detected edge of injured part by the K-means clustering algorithm is more close to real injured edge than that by the Otsu' threshold algorithm.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.695-701
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• 2013

Opisthorchis viverrini infection causes inflammation and liver injury leading to periductal fibrosis. Little is known about the pathological alterations in bile canaliculi in opisthorchiasis. This study aimed to investigate bile canalicular alterations in O. viverrini-infected hamsters and to examine the chemopreventive effects of curcumin on such changes. Hamsters were infected with O. viverrini and one group of animals was fed with 1% dietary curcumin supplement. Animals were examined during the acute infection phase, days 21 and 30 post-infection (PI) and chronic infection phase (day 90 PI). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that in the infected group fed with a normal diet, bile canaliculi became slightly tortuous by 30 day PI and more tortuous at day 90 PI. Transmission electron microscopy showed a reduction in microvilli density of canaliculi starting at day 30 PI, with a marked loss of microvilli at day 90 PI. These ultrastructral changes were slightly seen at day 21 PI, which was similar to that found in infected animals fed with 1% curcumin-supplemented diet. Notably, curcumin treatment prevented the reduction of microvilli density, reduced the dilation of bile canaliculi, and decreased the tortuosity of the bile canaliculi relative to non-infected animals on a normal diet at days 30 and 90 PI. These results suggest that curcumin reduces alteration of bile canaliculi and may be a promising agent to prevent the onset of bile duct abnormalities induced by O. viverrini infection.