• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2001

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of application levels of nightsoil sludge compost(NSC) in 3 and 4 cuttings per annum on the dry matter yields and nutritive value of orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.). Annual nightsoil sludge compost(NSC) were applied at levels of 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 ton $㏊^{respectively}$ . Relative yields of each cut to annual dry matter yield were 29.9%, 46.% and 23.2% for 1st cut, 2nd cut and 3rd cut in 3 cutting system, 23.7%, 29.3%, 34.0% and 13.0% for 1st cut, 2nd cut, 3rd cut and 4th cut in 4 cutting system, respectively. Significantly higher dry matter yield of orchardgrass obtained were 8.11 ton $㏊^{-1}$ at level of 40 ton ㏊$^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ in 3 cutting systems, ranges of 7.50~10.71 ton $㏊^{-1}$ at level of 10~80 ton ㏊$^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ in 4 cutting systems than those of non application level of NSC, respectively(p〈0.05). The mean efficiency of dry matter production to application of NSC(kg DM/ton NSC) were 46 and 102 kg in 3 and 4 cutting systems, respectively. Although th contents of crude protein(CP, %) of orchardgrass were significantly higher at the application levels of 10~80 ton $㏊^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ -1/ by NSC than those of the application levels at the 0 ton $㏊^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ in 3 and 4 cutting systems(p〈0.05), the contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF, %) and acid detergent fiber(ADF, %) were lower in NSC plots than those at the non-application plots of NSC. The contents of total digestible nutrient(TDN, %) and relative feed value(RFV) of orchardgrass were significantly increased with increase the applicaton levels of NSC(p〈0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2002

A total of six crossbred barrows ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Large$ White, $44.17{\pm}1.94kg$ BW) were housed conducted to evaluate apparent fecal digestibilities of Brown Rice (BR) as an alternative energy source in growing pigs. Pigs were housed individually on metabolism crate on the basis of body weight. Four treatments contained: 1) 100% of corn-soybean meal (C100; Control diet), 2) 75% of corn-soybean meal diet plus 25% of corn meal (C25), 3) 100% of brown rice-soybean meal diet (BR100), 4) 75% of brown rice-soybean meal diet plus 25% of brown rice meal (BR25). Brown rice has an excellent gross energy and crude protein composition compared to corn. The BR used had 3,801 kcal of gross energy/kg, 8.0% crude protein, 2.6% of ether extract, 0.035% calcium and 0.35% total phosphorus. The best digestibilities of energy (87.75%), DM (81.71%) and CP (78.57%) were observed in BR 100 group and the worst were found in Corn 25 group. The nutrient digestibility was not significantly different in most nutrients. Through this experiment, BR appeared a good alternative energy source that can replace corn yellow to 100% in growing pigs. Therefore, the price relationship between corn and BR may provide an excellent opportunity for pork producers to use BR in order to reduce feed costs provided that diet has been balanced for digestible amino acids.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.169-173
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• 2014

The aim of present study was to improve the quality of silage using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and chlorella as a supplement. Italian ryegrass (IRG) mediated silage was prepared with lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum) and different concentration of chlorella. We analyzed the nutritional profiles such as crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), microbial counts and fermentative acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid in the control and experimental silage after three months. It shows increased crude protein content and also maintains the rest of nutritional values as compared with control silage. LAB inoculation with chlorella as supplementation slightly reduced the pH of the silage. In addition, it increased the fermentative acids production as compared with control silage and inhibits the undesired microbial growth especially fungi in the silage. Therefore, we suggest that LAB inoculation and chlorella supplementation to the IRG mediated silage could be improved the nutritional quality of the silage which is an intrinsic feature for the application in the preparation of animal feeds and functional foods.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2017

This experiment was conducted to evaluate feed value and usability of soybean varieties as livestock forage. In this study, three soybean cultivars, OT93-26, Geomjeongsaeol, and Pungwon, were harvested at R5 (beginning seed development)- and R6 (full seed)-reproductive stages for analyzing feed value of soybean. Days to R5 stage harvest of OT93-26 among the three soybean cultivars was 55 days and the shortest while Pungwon took 103 days to reach at R6 stage. The R6-harvested soybeans had higher dry matter (DM) yields and crude protein (CP) content than the R5-harvested. However, both DM and CP were the highest in the R6-harvested Geomjeongsaeol. Contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of Pungwon harvested at R5 were the highest whereas the R6-harvested Geomjeongsaeol had the lowest. Digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake (DMI), and relative feed value (RFV) of the R6-harvested Geomjeongsaeol and Pungwon were higher than those of the R5-harvested, but in case of OT93-26, those at R6 stage were low rather than those at R5 stage. However, soybean could be used as alternative forage with high feed value for livestock. Taken together, Geomjeongsaeol could be used for developing new forage soybean varieties with high feed value, and R6 would be the optimum harvesting stage for yield and quality of forage soybean.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.173-177
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• 1992

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of harvesting dates on the dry matter yield and quality of "Kool grazer" winter rye(Seca1e cereale L.) as a soilage crop at the Forage Experimental Field of College of Agrlc. and Life Sciences, SNU, Suweon. Four-day harvasting interval was allocated to measure the growth, yield and quality of rye from April 14 to May 18, 1987. Rye was rapidly grown as 3 cm/day and the growth was linearly recorded from the elongation to flowering stage. The dry matter and in vitro digestible dry matter(1VDDM) yields per ha were linearly increased up to 0.26 and 0.19 tonlday from April 14 to May 4 and April 14 to 29, respectively, but major breaks in yield increases occurred at the 50% heading stage, than yields increased. The highest crude protein yield was observed at the first heading stage of April 29, then decreased. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude protein(CP) contents of rye at the heading stage of May 5 were 35 and 17%, respectively and the nutritive value of rye in terms of ADF and CP contents was evaluated as the I st grade hay, but neutral detergent fiber(NDF) content of rye was 47 % at the boot stage ofApril 22 and evaluated as the 2nd grade hay in terms of NDF content. The results indicate that the first heading stage or the end of April would be the most suitable harvesting time for early maturing winter rye as a soilage crop in terms of yield and quality in the middle northwestern coast rcgion of Korea. of Korea.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.411-425
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• 2004

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of applying times and dilution rates of cattle slurry with water on dry matter yields and feed values of orchard grass. Cattle slurry was applied at the rates of average nitrogen fertilizer equivalent to 150kg/ha/year in 3 cutting frequency. Significantly higher dry matter yields than that of no fertilization (7.36 ton DM/ha) were recorded in the application of diluted cattle slurry (10.74~13.54 ton DM/ha) (p<0.05). Especially, this tendency was shown with higher annual dry matter yields at the partitioned dressing times, such as at the applications for 1st and 3rd growth, 2nd and 3rd growth, and 1st, 2nd and 3rd growth respectively. The yields of annual dry matter at fertilizing phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen were higher than no fertilization as 12.42 tons per ha. However, with application of diluted cattle slurry, dry matter yields per year (11.96 ton DM/ha) were significantly higher than those of fertilizing phosphorus and potassium (7.52 ton DM/ha) (p<0.05). The efficiencies of dry matter production with mineral and cattle slurry nitrogen application (kg DM/kg N) were 32.7 and 13.4~26.9kg DM/kg N respectively. Especially, these tendencies were higher in diluted application plots than in no-diluted application plots of cattle slurry. The contents of crude protein (CP, %), neutral detergent Eber (NDF, %), acid detergent fiber (ADF, %), annual yields of CP (kg/ha) and total digestible nutrient (TDNY, kg/ha) of orchardgrass were significantly higher at the application of diluted cattle Slurry than those at non-fertilizer application (p<0.05).

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.820-826
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• 2007

Different types of bap(cooked rice) was cooked using barley or/and SoRiTae with rice as the base. Total(TS), rapidly digestible(RDS), slowly digestible(SDS) and resistant(RS) starch fractions were determined. Other physicochemical properties such as moisture, protein, amylose contents, protein digestion in vitro and color values as well as sensory properties of different bap were also investigated. Cooked rice with SoRiTae(RiSo) showed the highest moisture content of 63.9%, whereas other bap showed simillar content ranging from 62.3-63.0%. Crude protein content of RiSo was the highest, while that of cooked rice(Ri) was the lowest(p<0.05). Amylose content of RiBa was the highest, while that of RiSo was the lowest(p<0.05). In in vitro protein digestibility(IVPD), cooked rice with barley and SoRiTae(RiBaSo) was the highest, while Ri was the lowest, showing no significant difference at p<0.05. In starch fractions, as barley or/and SoRiTae were added to rice, a decrease in RDS content and increases in SDS and RS contents were observed. In addition, starch digestion index(SDI), which derived as an indicator of their in vitro starch digestibility and rapidly available glucose(RAG) value, which determined as a predictor of potential glycemic response decreased. A decrease in L value from RiSo and RiBaSo, which comprised of SoRiTae and increases in a and b values in RiSo and RiBa were observed, respectively. All sensory parameters involving color, glossiness, sweet taste, wetness, roughness, hardness and stickiness were shown to be a significant difference except sweet taste among different bap(p<0.05). L value of instrumental characteristic was negatively correlated with color of sensory characteristic and a value was positively correlated. Significant negative correlation was found between RS content and glossiness, however, positive correlation with roughness and hardness, respectively. These results suggested that cooked rice mixed with barley and SoRiTae contain significant RS and SDS contents and may improve diabetes and hyperlipidemia, due to the lowering RDS and RAG, respectively.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1999

우리나라에서는 봄철에 콩과목초를 수확한 후 포장 건조시 목초의 수량 및 품질손실에 관한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 시험은 콩과목초인 알팔파(Medicago sativa L.), 크림손 클로버 (Trifolium incarnatum L.) 및 레드 클로버(Trifolium pratense L.)를 봄철 포장에 건조하였을 때 콩과목초의 수량 및 품질 손실에 관한 정보를 얻기 위하여 수행하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 알팔파의 수확시 건물 함량은 15%로 가장 높았으며, 크림손 및 레드 클로버의 건물 함량은 각각 12.4 및 11.5%였다. 이러한 초종간의 건물 함량의 차이는 포장 건조기간 중에 계속 유지되었다. 건물 함량이 80% 이상이 되는데 알팔파는 7일이 소요되었으나, 크림손 및 레드 클로버는 8일이 소요되었다. 크림손 클로버 및 알팔파의 건물당 잎과 줄기의 비는 레드클로버보다 높았으나, 조단백질 함량을 가지고 비교할 때 잎과 줄기 비는 레드 클로버가 크림손 클로버 및 알팔파보다 높았다. 건조기간중 탈엽에 의한 건물 손실률은 알팔파가 크림손 클로버 및 레드 클로버보다 높았으며, 조단백질의 손실률도 초종간의 차이가 같은 경향을 보였다. 생초와 건초의 사료가치 비교에서 생초는 조단백질(CP), 가소화영양소총량(TDN) 및 상대사료가치(RFV)에서 높았고, 건초는 ADF 및 NDF 함량이 낮았다. 이상의 연구결과를 볼 때 봄철(5월 중순)에 포장에서 건조된 건초는 건조기간 중 탈엽에 의한 조단백질의 손실이 높기 때문에 ADF 및 NDF 함량보다는 조단백질 함량에 더 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2004

본 시험은 제주지역에서 점파립수(1, 2, 3, 4, 5 및 6립)에 따른 제주재래수수의 생육반응, 수량, 사료가치를 구명하기 위하여 2000년 4월 3일부터 9월 6일까지 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 출수기까지의 일수는 66일에서 69일로 점파립수 간에 큰 차이가 없었으나, 점파립수가 많을수록 출수기까지의 일수는 지연되는 경향이었다. 초장은 1립 점파에서 201.6cm이었던 것이 3립에서 206.7cm로 길어졌으나, 점파립수가 그 이상으로 증가함에 따라 작아져서 6립 점파에서는 175.2cm이었다. 생촌 건물, 단백질 및 TDN수량은 3립 점파에서 48.1MT/ha, 10.lMT/ha, 0.9MT/ha, 5.1MT/ha로 가장 높았으며, 그 이상과 그 이하의 점파에서는 점차적으로 감수되었고, 6립 점파에서는 생초수량 36.7MT/ha, 단백질수량 0.6MT/ ha, TDN수량 3.2MT/ha로 가장 낮았다. 점파립수가 1립에서 6립으로 많아짐에 따라 조단백질 함량은 8.7%에서 9.9%로, 조지방 함량은 2.5%에서 3.4%로, 가용무질소물 함량은 39.4%에서 41.7% 로, TDN 함량은 49.4%에서 51.4%로 증가되었으나, 조섬유 함량은 38.5%에서 34.8%로, 조회분 함량은 9.4%에서 8.1%로 감소되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.439-442
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• 2001

제주지역에서 파종기이동(4월 25일, 5월 10일, 5월 25일, 6월 10일, 6월 25일)에 따른 양마의 생육특성, 수량성 및 사료 가치를 구명하기 위하여 1999년 4월 25일에서 6월 25일까지 15일 간격으로 시험하였다. 1. 초장은 4월 25일 파종구에서 278.6 cm 였던 것이 파종기가 지연됨에 따라 점차적으로 작아져서 6월 25일 파종에서 초장은 205.7 cm로 짧아졌다. 엽수, 고엽수, 경직경, 분지수 및 개체당 무게는 초장과 비슷한 경향이었다. 2. 생초, 건초, 단백질 및 TDN수량은 4월 25일 파종구에서 각각 98.5MT/㏊, 20.7MT/㏊, 2.9MT/㏊, 11.6MT/㏊로 가장 높았으나 만파할수록 점차적으로 감수되어 6월 25일 파종에서 생초수량은 45.9MT/㏊, 건초수량은 8.2MT/㏊, 단백질수량은 1.3MT/㏊, TDN수량은 5MT/㏊로 감수되었다. 엽과 경의 생초, 건초, 단백질 및 TDN수량도 만파할수록 감소되었다. 3. 파종기가 4월 25일에서 6월 25일로 지연됨에 따라 엽의 단백질 함량은 21.5%에서 24.4%로, 조지방 함량은 5.2%에서 6.1%로, NFE 함량은 39.9%에서 41.2%로, TDN 함량은 64.3%에서 69.7%로 증가한 반면에 조섬유 함량은 엽에서 20.8%에서 17.5%로, 조회분 함량은 7.9%에서 7.0%로 감소되는 경향이었다. 경의 조단백, 조지방, NFE, TDN함량은 만파 할수록 증가되었으나 조회분 및 조섬유 함량은 반대의 경향이었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 제주도 기상, 토양의 환경조건하에서 양마의 파종적기는 4월 25일로 판단되었다.