• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.217-221
• /
• 1992

A micro lens system was designed for the modulator in optical fiber communication. One was the collimating lens which transferred the diffracted beam from optical fiber to the modulator. The other was the coupling lens which connected the modulated collimating beam to the optical fiber. The light source was He-Ne laser beam. The lens would be made of optical glass BK-7. We determined the tolerance of curvature radius, thickness and conic constant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.514-517
• /
• 2002

We developed Frequency-shifted feedback laser using AOM inside the cavity. The feedback loop of the laser is formed with the first-order diffracted light of the AOM to output mirror. It is shown that the FSF laser output has spectral output called“chirped frequency comb”with an ultrafast frequency chirp rate of several hundreds of PHz/s. It can know the range using chirped frequency comb in the optical range measurement that is FSF laser as source.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.07a
• /
• pp.312-315
• /
• 2000

In this study, we have investigated the holography recording and reconstruction of the polarization state in chalcogenide $A_{s40}Ge_{10}Se_{15}S_{35}4 thin films using a He-Ne laser light(633nm). The thickness of thin films is a 8677${\AA}$ and 9093${\AA}$. A He-Ne laser used to probe and record of the grating. Also the polarization state of object beam modulated with a $\lambda/4$ wave plate. The polarization state of the +lst order diffracted beam generated by readout of the grating with a linearly polarized reference beam. It was the same-handed polarization state as the polarization state of the recording beam. The diffraction efficiency of circularly polarized recording represented higher than other polarization state.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.07a
• /
• pp.820-823
• /
• 2000

In this study, we have investigated the holography recording and reconstruction of the polarization state in chalcogenide $As_{40}$$Ge_{10}$$Se_{15}$$S_{35}$ thin films using a He-Ne laser light(633nm). The thickness of thin films is a 8677${\AA}$ and 9093${\AA}$. A He-Ne laser used to probe and record of the grating. Also the, polarization state of object beam modulated with a $\lambda/4$ wave plate. The polarization state of the +1st order diffracted beam generated by readout of the grating with a linearly polarized reference beam. It was the same-handed polarization state as the polarization state of the recording beam. The diffraction efficiency of circularly polarized recording represented higher than other polarization state.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.23 no.8
• /
• pp.447-452
• /
• 2013

Recently, products that a have 3-dimensional(3D) micro structure have been in wide use. To fabricate these 3D micro structures, several methods, such as stereo lithography, reflow process, and diffuser lithography, have been used. However, these methods are either very complicated, have limitations in terms of patterns dimensions or need expensive components. To overcome these limitations, we fabricated various 3D micro structures in one step using a pair of diffusers that diffract the incident beam of UV light at wide angles. In the experiment, we used positive photoresist to coat the Si substrate. A pair of diffusers(ground glass diffuser, opal glass diffuser) with Gaussian and Lambertian scattering was placed above the photomask in the passage of UV light in the photolithography equipment. The incident rays of UV light diffracted twice at wider angles while passing through the diffusers. After exposure, the photoresist was developed fabricating the desired 3D micro structure. These micro structures were analyzed using FE-SEM and 3D-profiler data. As a result, this dual diffuser lithography(DDL) technique enabled us to fabricate various microstructures with different dimensions by just changing the combination of diffusers, making this technology an efficient alternative to other complex techniques.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.59-62
• /
• 2008

The peptide methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) are enzymes that catalyze the reduction of methionine sulfoxide back to methionine. Because of two enantiomers of methionine sulfoxide (S and R forms), this reduction reaction is carried out by two structurally unrelated classes of enzymes, MsrA (E.C. 1.8.4.11) and MsrB (E.C. 1.8.4.12). Whereas MsrA has been well characterized structurally and functionally, little information on MsrB is available. The recombinant MsrB from Bacillus subtilis has been purified and crystallized by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method, and the functional and structural features of MsrB have been elucidated. The crystals belong to the trigonal space group P3, with unit-cell parameters a=b=136.096, $c=61.918{\AA}$, and diffracted to $2.5{\AA}$ resolution using a synchrotron-radiation source at Pohang Light Source. The asymmetric unit contains six subunits of MsrB with a crystal volume per protein mass $(V_M)\;of\;3.37{\AA}^3\;Da^{-1}$ and a solvent content of 63.5%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.193-197
• /
• 2018

The ratio of the period of a diffractive element to the input beam size is a critical parameter in a diffractive beam shaper. We measured and calculated the Fraunhofer diffraction patterns of a periodic hologram with an input beam size similar to the period of the hologram. The measured intensities show very complicated patterns and are strongly dependent upon the center position of the laser beam relative to the hologram. Using a diffraction formula for a periodic hologram, we calculated the diffracted light intensities and fit them to the measured ones. The measured and calculated intensities are in good agreement even when the beam diameter of the incident laser is similar to the period of the hologram. We can therefore use this formula to estimate the output of a periodic beam shaper even under such an extreme condition.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.3 no.5
• /
• pp.401-407
• /
• 2019

Polymeric optical waveguide devices with Bragg gratings have been investigated, for implementing tunable lasers and wavelength filters used in wavelength-division-multiplexed optical communication systems. Owing to the excellent thermo-optic effect of these polymers, wavelength tuning is possible over a wide range, which is difficult to achieve using other optical materials. In this study the phase-mask technology, which has advantages over the conventional interferometeric method, was introduced to facilitate the fabrication of Bragg gratings in polymeric optical waveguide devices. An optical setup capable of fabricating multiple Bragg gratings simultaneously on a 4-inch silicon wafer was constructed, using a 442-nm laser and phase mask. During fabrication, some of the diffracted light in the phase mask was totally reflected inside the mask, which affected the quality of the Bragg grating adversely, so experiments were conducted to solve this issue. To verify grating uniformity, two types of wavelength-filtering devices were fabricated using the phase-mask lithography, and their reflection and transmission spectra were measured. From the results, we confirmed that the phase-mask method provides good uniformity, and may be applied for mass production of polymer Bragg-grating waveguide devices.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.123-128
• /
• 2022

Applying rigorous modal transmission-line theory (MTLT), the properties of resonant diffraction gratings under conical light incidence is investigated. The mode vectors pertinent to resonant diffraction under conical mounting vary less with incident angle than those associated with diffraction gratings in classical mounting. Furthermore, as the evanescent diffracted waves drive the leaky modes responsible for the resonance effects, the conical mounting imbues diffraction gratings with larger angular tolerance than their classical counterparts. Based on these concepts, the angular-spectral and wavelength-spectral performance of resonant diffraction gratings in conical and classical mounts by numerical calculations with spectra found for conical incidence are quantified. These results will be useful in various applications demanding resonant diffraction gratings that are efficient and physically sparse.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.16-27
• /
• 2015

Holography technology which was developed by Dennis Gabor (1900~1979) in 1948 is a technology to record wave planes of actual 3D objects. It is known as the only technology which can express 3D information most perfectly close to human-friendly. Holography technology is widely used in advertisement, architecture and arts as well as science technology areas. Especially, digital holographic print which is an applied area is greatly used in military map, architecture map and cultural asset restoration by printing and reproducing 3D information. Holography is realized by recording and reproducing the amplitude and phase information on high resolution film using coherent light like laser. Recording materials for digital holographic printer are silver halide, photoresist and photopolymer. Because the materials have different diffraction efficiency according to film characteristics of each manufacturer, appropriate guide lines should be suggested through efficiency analysis of each film. This paper suggests appropriate guide lines through the diffraction efficiency measurement of silver halide which is a holographic printer recording medium. And the objective of this study is to suggest appropriate guide lines through diffraction efficiency analysis of Ultimate 08-C and PFG-03C which are commercially used. The experiment was prepared by self-diffraction efficiency system which measures the strength with the defector by penetrating RGB recording medium and concentrating diffracted beams through collimating lens. The experiment showed Geola's PFG-03C which is a silver halide for full color has price/performance advantage in optical hologram recording, but recording angles and reproduction angles are irregular for digital holographic printer recording. Ultimate's Ultimate08-C for full color shows its diffraction efficiency is relatively stable and high according to recording angles and laser wavelength.