• Toxicological Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.393-400
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• 1997

The effects of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase on the toxicity of paraquat(PQ) were studied using diethyldithiocarbamate(DDC), 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole(AT) which are inhibitors of Cu, Zn-SOD and catalase in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were divide into 6 groups: control, DDC, PQ, AT, DDC+PQ, and AT+PQ group. The PQ (50 mg/kg body weight(BW); about half dose of $LD_{50}$) was administered with orally, otherwise AT(1.0g/kg BW) and DDC(1.0g/kg BW) were administered by intrperitoneal(iP) injection. The survival rate of rats in PQ+AT group was significantly decreased compared with PQ group while the difference of survival rate between DDC group and DDC+PQ group was not significant. The SOD activity after administration of DDC was decreased in liver, lung and kidney, but catalase activity was not changed. The catalase activity in liver, lung and kidney of AT treated rats was decreased, while SOD activity was not changed in this group. The effects of DDC and AT to the PQ toxicity was also observed in primary cultured rat Skin fibroblasts. The viable cells that was measured with MTT method, was decreased in AT+PQ treated group compared to PQ treated group, but the difference of cell viability between DDC treat group and DDC+PQ treated group was not observed. This result, AT potentlate PQ toxicity while DDC were not affect, suggested that the decreased catalase activity lead to elevation of hydrogen peroxide levels and PQ toxicity may be correlate with the hydrogen peroxide rather than the superoxides.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1999년도 제51차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.303-303
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• 1999

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2000년도 제52차 추계학술대회 연제집
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• pp.29-30
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• 2000

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2012

방사선 노출은 해마 기능이상으로 인한 인지장애와 기억력 감퇴가 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 마우스에 방사선 노출(감마선 0.5 또는 2 Gy) 후 passive avoidance 및 object recognition test를 적용한 행동이상, apoptosis 측정 및 신경발생 관찰지표로서 Kiel 67 (Ki-67) 및 doublecortin (DCX)에 대한 면역염색 방법을 적용하여 diethyldithiocarbamate(DDC)의 학습기억 장애 경감효과를 관찰하였다. DDC는 방사선 조사 30분 전에 1회(체중 kg당 1,000 mg) 복강 내 주사하였다. Passive avoidance 및 object recognition test 결과, 정상대조군에 비해 방사선 단독조사군(2 Gy)에서 유의성 있는 학습기억 장애를 나타냈으며, 방사선 조사 후 12시간에 치아이랑 부위의 apoptosis 발생세포의 수가 증가하였고, Ki-67 및 DCX 양성세포의 수는 현저히 감소하였다. 방사선 노출 전 DDC 처리군에서는 유의성 있는 행동장애 완화, apoptosis 발생 감소가 관찰되었고, 평균치를 기준으로 Ki-67 및 DCX 양성세포의 수도 약간 증가하였다. DDC는 성숙마우스에서 방사선에 의한 해마 신경세포발생 및 학습기억 장애 개선효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수의병리학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.22-22
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• 2001

We performed this study to determine the effect of Panax ginseng and its fractions on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of $\gamma$-irradiation. The radioprotective effect of ginseng was compared with the effect of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC). Ginseng administration before irradiation protected the jejunal crypts (p<0.005), increased the formation of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.005) and reduced the frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis (p<0.005). (omitted)

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4441-4446
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• 2013

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a tumor of biliary ducts, which has a high mortality rate and dismal prognosis. Constitutively activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-${\kappa}B$) has been previously demonstrated in CCA. It is therefore a potential target for CCA treatment. Effects of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) on NF-${\kappa}B$-dependent apoptosis induction in cancer have been reported; however, anti-metastasis has never been addressed. Therefore, here the focus was on DDTC effects on CCA migration and adhesiond. Anti-proliferation, anti-migration and anti-adhesion activities were determined in CCA cell lines, along with p65 protein levels and function. NF-${\kappa}B$ target gene expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. DDTC inhibited CCA cell proliferation. Suppression of migration and adhesion were observed prior to anti-CCA proliferation. These effects were related to decreased p65, reduction in NF-${\kappa}B$ DNA binding, and impaired activity. Moreover, suppression of ICAM-1 expression supported NF-${\kappa}B$-dependent anti-metastatic effects of DDTC. Taken together, DDTC suppression of CCA migration and adhesion through inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway is suggested from the current study. This might be a promising treatment choice against CCA metastasis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2000

The modulation of cytochrome P450(P450) activities and glutathione S-transferase (GST) was investigated after i.p. administration of glucose-diethyldithiocarbamate (Glu-DDTC) to rats. P450 1 A2 and 2El activities were inhibited by 60% 4 hr after the administration of 200 mg Glu-DDTC/kg and those activities were recovered to original levels 24 hr after dosing. In contrast, GST activities were enhanced up to 24 hr after dosing. These results seem to be due to the bifunctional activity of Glu-DDTC. Glu-DDTC acts as an inhibitor of P450 enzymes as well as inducer of GST enzyme. Glu-DDTC inhibited PNP hydroxylation (P450 2El) and ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation (P450 1A2) in a dose-dependent manner up to 200 mg/kg wherease it did not affect testosterone 6$\beta$-hydroxylation (P450 3A) and pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylation (P450 2B) activities. Induction of GST activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzenen (DCNB) was dependent on the dose of Glu-DDTC and no species difference in the GST induction was seen between rat and mouse. Amoung GST subunits, Ya, Yb1 and partially Yb2 were induced by Glu-DDTC as conjugated by western blotting. The levels Yp, Yk and Yc subunits were not affected by Glu-DDTC treatment. Therefore the enhanced activity of GST toward CDNB and DCNB might be due to the induction of Ya, Ybl and partially Yb2 subunits. In conclusion, Glu-DDTC selectively inhibited P45O 1A2 and P450 2El activities whereas it enhanced Ya, Ybl subunits and partially Yb2 subunits of GST and the antimutagenic activity of this compound might be attributed from the modulation of these enzyme activities in animals.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2018

We investigated simultaneous removal of heavy metals such as Cr, Ni, and Zn by adsorption onto powdered activated carbon (PAC) and PAC modified with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (PAC-SDDC). Modification of PAC was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Both PAC and PAC-SDDC reached adsorption equilibrium within 48 h, and the adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second order reaction kinetics. The removal of metals was enhanced with increasing both adsorbent dosage and followed the descending order of Cr > Ni > Zn for PAC and Cr > Zn > Ni for PAC-SDDC, respectively. Adsorption kinetics followed pseudo-second order kinetics. Adsorption kinetic results were well fitted by the Freundlich isotherm except for Cr adsorption onto PAC. The optimum pH for heavy metal adsorption onto PAC was 5, whereas that for PAC-SDDC ranged from 7 to 9, indicating that modification of PAC with SDDC significantly enhanced heavy metal adsorption, especially under neutral and alkaline pH conditions. Our results imply that SDDC modified PAC can be applied to effectively remove heavy metals especially Cr in plating wastewaters without adjusting pH from alkaline to neutral.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.1108-1113
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 방사선 손상 경감효과를 나타내는 기호식품을 발굴하고자 국내에서 주로 음용되고 있는 녹차의 방사선 손상 경감효과를 확인하기 위하여 고선량 및 저선량 방사선을 마우스에 조사하고 소장움 생존, 내재성 비장 조혈세포집락 형성 및 apoptosis 유발 등을 관찰하였으며, 그 효과를 방사선 방호효과가 알려져 있는 diethyldithiocarbamate(DDC)와 비교$.$관찰하였다. 생존 소장움의 수는 방사선 조사 전 녹차 투여군(경구투여군 : p<0.01, 복강내 투여군 : p<0.01) 및 DDC 투여군(p<0.005)에서 유의성있게 증가되었다. 내재성 조혈세포집락 형성은 방사선 조사 대 조군에 비하여 조사 전 복강내 투여한 군(p<0.05)에서만 유의성 있는 증가를 나타냈으며, DDC 투여군에서는 효과를 관찰할 수 없었다. 방사선에 의한 apoptotic cell의 형성은 방사선 조사 전 녹차 투여군(경구 투여군 : p<0.005, 복강내 투여군 : p<0.05)및 DDC투여군 (p<0.005)에서 통계적으로 유의성 있게 감소되었다. 이상의 결과에서 녹차의 방사선 손상 경감효과를 조혈세포의 생존과 회복, 소장움 세포 생존 및 방사선에 의한 apoptosis 유발억제를 통하여 확인하였으며, 이는 독성이 적은 천연물이라는 관점에서 방사선 손상 경감 음료로서 적용이 가능할 것으로 사료되며 추후 유효 분획 및 성분에 관한 연구가 요구된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 1997

Expression of human Cu.Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) with activity comparable to human erythrocyte enzyme was achieved in E. coli B21(DE3) by using the pET-17b expression vector containing a T7 promoter. Recombinant human SOD was found in the cytosol of disrupted bacterial cells and represented > 25% of the total bacterial proteins. The protein produced by the E. coli cells was purified using a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration and DEAE-Sephacel ion exchange chromatography. The recombinant Cu,Zn-SOD and human erythrocyte enzyme were compared using dismutation activity, SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting analysis. The mass of the subunits was determined to be 15,809 by using a electrospray mass spectrometer. The copper specific chelator. diethyldithiocarbamate (DOC) reacted with the recombinant Cu,Zn-SOD. At $50{\mu}M$ and $100{\mu}M$ concentrations of DOC, the dismutation activity was not inhibited for one hour but gradually reduced after one hour. This result suggests that the reaction of DOC with the enzyme occurred in two distinct phases (phase I and phase II). During phase I of this reaction, one DOC reacted with the copper center, with retention of the dismutation activity while the second DOC displaced the copper, with a loss of activity in phase II.