• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.988-995
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• 1994

This study was performed to investigate the influence of various dietary fiber sources(rice bran, Chinese cabbage, radish, apple, laver, sea mustard) on the intestinal microflora in rats. Eight groups of rats were fed each experimental diets containing 5% of total dietary fiber for 4 weeks. Total viable counts and the numbers of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, E. coli and Staphylococcus were determined by nonselective medium and various selective media. The number of Bifidobacterium(p<0.01) was higher in the apple and sea mustard groups than those in the other groups and the number of Lactobacillus(p<0.01) was lower in the radish group. A decrease in the intestinal population of clostridium was shown in the sea mustard group. The E. coli(p<0.01) and Staphylococcus(p<0.01) populations decreased in the apple group compared with other groups. These findings suggest that the apple fiber and sea mustard fiber are effective in improving intestinal flora of rats.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fibers (cellulose ; polydextrose ; pectin ; ricebran) supplementation on the kidney fucntion of hyperlipidemic-induced rats on a high cholesterol diet (5% cholesterol). Serum lipid concentrations were not influenced by dietary fiber sources, but the pectin group was effective in reducing serum lipid levels. Total serum protein and albumin concentrations tended to higher in the polydextrose group, and serum creatinine and urea-N concentrations were higher in the pectin group than those in the other groups. Even though total urinary protein was high in the pectin group, GFR was reduced (18~30% decrease) as compared to other groups. The urea-N level was elevated in the polydextrose group as compared to that of cellulose group(25% increase). Total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations in the liver of pectin group were lower than those of other groups. Total lipid and cholesterol concentrations in the kidneys were reduced in pectin and ricebran groups, respectively. The total cholesterol concentration infecal was significantly high in the polydextrose and pectin groups(p<0.05), and the triglyceride was highest in the pectin group. These results indicate no significant effects of dietary fiber supplementation on the kidney function of hyperlipidemic-induced rats on a high cholesterol diet, but pectin was very effective to improve lipid metabolism and to reduce GFR.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the kinds and the amounts of dietary fiber on serum lipid composition in rats. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 160$\pm$10g were fed diets containing 1.0%, 3.6%, 6.0% and 10.0% $\alpha$-cellulose, pectin and alginic acid fer 4 weeks. Daily food intake of experimental groups was significantly higher in the u-cellulose 10.0% group than in the other groups. Increasing the dietary fiber level decreased the food efficiency ratio of the $\alpha$-cellulose, pectin and alginic acid groups. Serum triglyceride concentration was significantly lower in the rats fed the alginic acid diet. Serum total cholesterol concentration showed no significant difference in the kind and the amount of three dietary fibers. Serum HDL-cholesterol concentration was higher in $\alpha$-cellulose and pectin diet. HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was higher in u-cellulose and pectin diet than alginic acid diet. In conclusion, alginic acid is good for the serum triglyceride decrease, pectin is good for HDL-cholesterol increase, $\alpha$-cellulose and alginic acid are good for HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio increase. But the different effects according to the dietary fiber's contents did not show a significant trend.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate the influence of dietary fibers from the whole foods on the serum lipid level and bowel function in rats. The fiber sources of experimental diets were prepared by drying and milling of cereal(rice bran), vegetables(Korean cabbage, radish), fruit(apple), and sea weeds(laver, sea tangle). Each of fiber sources was mixed into the diet to make the 5% level of total dietary fiber. Male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were blocked into 8 groups : FF, CC, CE, V1, V2, ER, S1, and S2. The animals were fed ad libitum each of experimental diets for 4 weeks. Serum triglyceride level was not significantly different among groups. The laver group showed the lowest level in the serum total cholesterol. The Korean cabbage group showed the highest level in the serum HDL cholesterol. The longest transit time was observed in the fiber free group and the shortest transit time was observed in the sea tangle group. Absorption rates of calcium were especially lower in the Korean cabbage and the sea tangle groups than the other groups. Magnesium and phosphorus absorption rates were influenced by SDF(Soluble Dietary Fiber) intake and TDF(Total Dietary Fiber) intake, respectively. Mucosa weight in the small intestine showed the tendency to increase by increasing of IDF (Insoluble Dietary Fiber) intake. especially the Korean cabbage group was the heaviest. The activity of maltase in the mucosa of small intestine was the lowest in the radish group.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.525-529
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• 2013

Contents of the total polyphenols and flavonoids in the dietary fiber from tubers and stalks of domestic sweet potatoes were investigated. In addition, their antioxidant activity as well as the potent anti-cancer effects through the growth inhibition in human colon cancer cells (HT-29) in vitro were tested. The total flavonoids as naringin equivalents in dietary fiber from tubers and stalks of sweet potatoes were $0.5{\pm}0.001$ naringin/g extract and $2.0{\pm}0.008$ mg naringin/g extract dry basis, respectively. The amounts of the total polyphenols as gallic acid equivalents were $2.8{\pm}0.01$ mg gallic acid/g dry basis and $6.3{\pm}0.03$ mg gallic acid/g dry basis, respectively. 1,2-Diphenyi-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity of the dietary fiber from stalks was 2.4 times higher than that of the dietary fiber from tubers. Interestingly, a strong growth inhibition on HT-29 cells was observed in both dietary fibers originated from stalks and tubers of sweet potato in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we found that the dietary fiber from tubers and stalks of sweet potato increased the gene expression of tumor suppressor p53. The great potential value in the prevention of various diseases including cancer the potential value could be confirmed through effects of the dietary fiber from tubers and stalks of sweet potato on antioxidant activity and anticancer in human colon cancer.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.193-197
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• 1998

This study was conducted to determine if dietary fiber would reduce exposure of the tissues to dietary benzo[a]pyrene(BP) , a well-known carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, as evaluated by benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase (BPH) activity. The effects of three different sources of dietary fiber(pectin, polydextrose, and clellulose) on BPH activity were studied using Sprague-Dawley rats. In this study, male rats were fed a fiber-free purified diet for 7 days, whereupon they were switched to experimentla diets for 48h. After 48h, their liver, stomach , small intestinal mucosa and large intestinal mucosa were assayed for BPH activity. Thissues exposed to benzo[a]pyrene(400mg/kg diet, fiber-free) showed significant increse in the activity of BPH ; 27 times in liver, 7 times in stomach, 18 times in small intestinal mucosa and 3 times in large intestine. The inhibition in BP -induced BPH activity by dietary fiber in liver, stomach and small intestinal mucosa was observed in the decreasing order : 10 % perctin > 10% polydextrose >5 % polydextrose > 10% cellulose. Decreased BPH induction indicates that soluble dietry fibers, especially pectin and polydextrose in this study, protect the tissues of digestive system from exposure to BP.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.spc1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2004

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 1997

Various fractions of apple fibers such as crude pulp, total dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber, and insoluble dietary fiber were prepared and added to the proteose peptone-yeast extract-fildes (PYF) media to see their effects on the growth of type cultures of intestinal bacteria. Most microbes tested in this experiment grew well in PYF media with the soluble dietary fiber of apple than with the insoluble dietary fiber. Especially Bifidobacterium species such as B. adolescentis, B. animalis, B. infantis, B. longum, B. thermophilum showed higher growth in PYF media containing the soluble dietary fiber than other fiber fractions. However, pectin-added media didn't promote the growth of most microbes used in the experiment. In the in vitro mixed culture using rat feces as starter, the addition of the soluble dietary fiber or pectin to the basal medium showed larger proportion of Bifidobacterium species in total bacteria than that of glucose.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 1999

Special nutritional foods are one category of processed foods. In this category, 5 different food standards are defined in the current rule of the Korean Food Code ; that is, infant formulae, complementary foods for infants and young children, foods nutrient supplementation, processed dietary fiber-based foods, and foods for special dietary uses. The major differences between the special dietary uses. The major difference between the special nutritional foods and the other processed foods is that the special nutritional foods are characterized by their dietary uses for specific population groups rather than food ingredients or manufacturing and processing techniques which characterize and distinguish most of other processed foods. Although several countries establish similar standards for this type of foods, they use different legal names such as foods for special dietary uses(U.S.A., CODEX, Japan), foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses(EC), or special purpose foods(Australia). In addition, there are some other differences in the definitions for these food types and categorization of food types among countries. The major difference in the definitions is the description of 'special dietary uses' by specifying certain population groups whose nutrient requirements are different from those of ordinary men due to physiological or physical conditions and therefore may not be sufficiently met by consuming ordinary foods. The categorization of this type of foods is based on the type of dietary uses in the other countries, whereas we include foods simply supplemented with nutrients or foods having certain components such as dietary fibers even if these foods types do not have special dietary sues. Recently, a revision of standards for special nutritional food has been proposed. However, the description of 'special dietary uses' is not clearly indicated in the definition, and some food types which should not be categorized into the special nutritional foods still remain in this category. In order to correct these problems, the standard of food labeling in the Food Safety Law needs to be revised along with revision of food standards in the Food Code.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2008

Purpose: To understand the dietary habits and factors influencing the dietary habits in adults of an urban community. Method: The data were collected via questionnaires that investigated dietary habits, health behaviors, health-related factors, and general characteristics. A total of 302 subjects were selected from those who had visited an urban public center over a 2-week period. The data of 294 subjects were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, after 8 questionnaire were excluded due to incomplete data. Results: The degree of dietary habits was in the middle range. The most positive dietary habit was 'intake fibers from vegetables, fruits, and cereals', followed by 'not enjoy salty food and salt' and 'eating breakfast everyday'. The significant predictors influencing dietary habits were age, present smoking behavior, perceived health status, and drinking frequency, and these variables accounted for 27.3% of the variance in the dietary habits score. Conclusion: Health care providers should focus on health promotion planning regarding dietary habits and other health-related behaviors in combination and use integrated strategies regarding the factors that influence dietary habits and other health-related behaviors.