• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Objective : In this study, the anti-obesity effect of Fragaria orientalis (FO) on high-fat diet-induced obese mice was investigated. Drug treatment methods are widely used as obesity treatment methods, but research using various natural products is being conducted due to safety concerns. This study aims to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of FO extract, a natural product derived from Mongolia. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were used and divided into three groups, normal diet group, high-fat diet group, and high-fat diet with FO oral treatment group at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Extract was orally provided everyday for 6 weeks. Body Weight and food intake were measured every 2 days and blood lipid profiles and liver function in the sacrificed mice were evaluated. In addition, protein expression in hepatic tissue and histomorphological changes in liver and adipose tissue were observed. Results : Body weight, adipose tissue weight and FER were significantly lower in a high-fat diet with FO treatment than fed only high-fat diet. There was a significant difference between the high-fat diet and the FO-treated high-fat diet mice. As a result of analyzing lipid metabolism-related genes in hepatic tissue, all of p-AMPK, p-ACC, PPAR-α, CPT-1, and UCP-1 showed significant increases, and PPAR-γ also decreased significantly compared to the high-fat diet group. Conclusion : Overall, these results indicate that FO is effectual in improving obesity, suggesting that it can be used as a possible material for anti-obesity agents or functional supplements for weight control.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study was to determine the preventive effects of combined interventional trial of fish oil treatment and exercise training on insulin resistance of skeletal muscle in high-fat fed rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into chow diet (CD), high-fat diet (HF), high-fat diet with fish oil (FO), high-fat diet with exercise training (EX), and FO+EX groups. The rats in control group were fed chow diet containing, as percents of calories, 58.9% carbohydrate, 12.4% fat, and 28.7% protein. High-fat diet provided 32% energy as lard, 18% as corn oil, 27% as carbohydrate and 23% as casein. The fish oil diet had the same composition as the high fat diet except that 100 g menhaden oil was substituted for corn oil. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by in vitro glucose transport in the soleus muscle after diet treatment and treadmill running for 4 weeks. While the FO or EX only partially prevented insulin resistance on glucose transport and visceral obesity induced by high-fat diet, these interventions completely corrected hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia from the high-fat diet. The rats in the FO+EX showed normalized insulin action on glucose transport, plasma chemicals and visceral fat mass. Insulin-mediated glucose transport was negatively associated with total visceral fat mass (r=－0.734; p＜0.000), plasma triglyceride (r=－0.403; p＜0.05) and lepin (r=－0.583; p＜0.001) concentrations with significance. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that only total visceral fat mass was independently associated with insulin-mediated glucose transport (r=－0.668; p＜0.000). In conclusion, combined interventional trial of FO+EX recovered insulin resistance on glucose transport of skeletal muscle induced by high-fat diet. Visceral fat mass might be more important factor than plasma TG and leptin to induce insulin resistance on glucose transport of skeletal muscle in high-fat fed rats.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1 s.29
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• pp.425-436
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• 1995

In order to evaluate the effect of Polygoni Multiflori Radix on the atherosclerosis induced by high cholesteol diet, rabbits were fed with 4% cholesterol diet, 4% cholesterol-4% Polygoni Multiflori Radix diet during 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, histological changes in coronary artery of rabbits were studied. The results were obtained as follows; 1. At the area % of lumen in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed significant inhibitory effect against decrease of area % in control group. 2. At the atheroma formation in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed decrease effect as compared with control group. 3. At the mucoprotein formation in wall of coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed decrease effect as compared with control group. 4. At the lesion of elastic fibers in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group didn't show effective changes as compared with control group.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.3-7
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effect of a raw diet (RD) on blood glucose and immune function in non-diabetic (normal) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups (normal control, normal RD, diabetic control and diabetic RD). The control groups and the RD groups were fed an AIN-diet and RD for four weeks, respectively. Weight gain was statistically lower in the RD groups than in the controls. Fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower in the diabetic RD group than in the diabetic control group. The $CD4^+$ T-cell population was higher along with the $CD4^+/CD8^+$ ratio of the mesenteric lymph nodes in the normal RD group compared to the other groups. It can be concluded that RD may reduce the plasma fasting glucose concentration in diabetic rats and improve mesenteric lymph node immune function in normal rats.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.158-161
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• 2006

This study was designed to determine possible weight loss effects of Hangbisan, an oriental medicine, on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. SD rats that were fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks to induce obesity and subsequently fed with a basic diet containing 10%(w/w) Hangbisan or 10%(w/w) cellulose for 8 weeks. The Hangbisan fed rats demonstrated a significantly (p<0.05) reduced weight gain compared to the cellulose fed rats as well as a reduced level of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides and an increased level of (HDL)-cholesterol. These results suggest that dietary Hangbisan has an anti-obesity effect in the high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIG) rat and therefore a potential use as an anti-obesity agent in the application of oriental medicine compounds.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2011

The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Allium victorialis (AV) leaf methanol extract were evaluated in a high fat diet (HFD) supplied mice. Changes on the serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein were examined. The effects were compared with those of a group given 250 mg/kg of metformin. After 91 days of a continuous HFD supply, the mice were showed marked hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia. However, these hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia induced by the HFD were inhibited by the AV extract treatment at the three different doses (62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg). The results suggest that the AV methanol extract is beneficial for improving the diet-induced hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in humans.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2000

Peroxidative stimuli mediated by high polyunsaturated fatty acid administration in rats induced in vivo lipid peroxidation and resulted in increased urinary excretion of a number of lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds. These secondary lipid peroxiation products, measured as 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine deritives, were detected and identified by the newly developed HPLC method. The identified urinary lipophilic nonpolar aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds were butanal, butan-2-one, pentan-2-one, hexanal, hex-2-enal, hepta-2, 4-dienal, hept-2-enal, octanal, and oct-2-enal. Lipophilic polar aldehydes such as 4-hydroxyhex-2-enal and 4-hydroxyoct-2-enal were also identified. A polyunsaturated fatty acid diet containing n-3 fatty acids generally caused high levels of urinary excretion of lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds in rats than a normal diet. Significantly increased secondary lipid peroxidation products were hexanal, hepta-2, 4-dienal, octanal, 4-hydroxyhex-2-exal, 4-hydroxyoct-2-enal, and a number of unidentified compunds.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.336-342
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• 2010

Obesity-induced disorders contribute to the development of metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, fatty liver diseases, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we evaluated the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of aloe formula in high fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6N mice. Male mice fed HFD for 28 weeks received a supplement of aloe formula, PAG, ALS, Aloe QDM, and an Aloe QDM complex for a further 8 weeks and were then compared with regular diet fed mice. After the experimental period, the blood glucose levels of the Aloe QDM complex-and PGZ-supplemented mice were significantly lower than those of the HFD-fed mice. Aloe formula, especially the Aloe QDM complex, and the PGZ treatment group profoundly affected the IPGTT and HOMA-IR. Immunochemistry was done for the morphological observation and the resulting sizes of adipocytes around the epididymis were significantly decreased when comparing the aloe formula-treated and HFD-fed groups. Further, aloe formula decreased mRNA expression of fatty acid synthesis enzymes and led to reduced hepatic steatosis in both liver and WAT. These results suggest that supplementation of Aloe QDM complex in the HFD-fed mice improved insulin resistance by lowering blood glucose levels and reducing adipocytes. Our data suggest that dietary aloe formula reduces obesity-induced glucose tolerance by suppressing fatty acid synthesis in the WAT and liver, both of which are important peripheral tissues affecting insulin resistance. The Aloe QDM complex could be used as a nutritional intervention against T2D.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.365-372
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine effects of salinomycin (SL) on feeding-induced changes in glucose kinetics and blood VFA concentrations in sheep fed a high-roughage diet. Four sheep were fed the diet with or without 20 mg/kg diet of SL once daily for 21 d. Glucose entry and utilization rates were determined during the prefeeding and 3 h postfeeding periods, using a [$^{13}C_6$]glucose dilution method and non-steady state equations. Ruminal characteristics and concentrations of blood VFA, plasma glucose and insulin were also measured during the same periods. A feeding-induced increase in ruminal total VFA concentration tended to be inhibited (p<0.10) with SL, although ruminal pH was unaffected (p>0.10) with SL or by feeding. Salinomycin decreased (p<0.05) acetate proportion and increased (p<0.05) propionate proportion in the rumen, but did not modify these changes in response to feeding (p>0.10). A feeding-induced increase in blood acetate concentration was attenuated (p<0.05) with SL. Salinomycin tended to increase (p<0.10) blood propionate concentration without modifying its response patterns to feeding (p>0.10). Plasma concentrations of glucose or insulin were unaffected (p>0.10) with SL. Salinomycin tended to enhance (p<0.10) glucose entry and utilization rates. Feeding also enhanced (p<0.01) both rates, whereas their interactive effect was not detected (p>0.10). We conclude that SL possibly enhances whole body glucose entry and utilization with an increase in blood propionate concentration in sheep given a high-roughage diet, although SL does not appear to affect their responses to feeding.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Seaweeds have been reported to have various health beneficial effects. In this study, we investigated the potential anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of four types of domestic brown seaweeds in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). MATERIALS/METHODS: Male C57BL/6N mice were fed low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD containing Undaria Pinnatifida, HFD containing Laminaria Japonica (LJ), HFD containing Sargassum Fulvellum, or HFD containing Hizikia Fusiforme (HF) for 16 weeks. RESULTS: Brown seaweed supplementation did not affect long-term HFD-associated changes in body weight or adiposity, although mice fed HFD + LJ or HFD + HF gained slightly less body weight compared with those fed HFD at the beginning of feeding. Despite being obese, mice fed HFD + LJ appeared to show improved insulin sensitivity compared to mice fed HFD. Consistently, we observed significantly reduced blood glucose concentrations in mice fed HFD + LJ compared with those of mice fed HFD. Although no significant differences in adipocyte size were detected among the HFD-fed groups, consumption of seaweeds decreased formation of HFD-induced crown-like structures in gonadal adipose tissue as well as plasma inflammatory cytokines. BMDM from mice fed HFDs with seaweeds showed differential regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 compared with BMDM from mice fed HFD by LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION: Although seaweed consumption did not prevent long-term HFD-induced obesity in C57BL/6N mice, it reduced insulin resistance (IR) and circulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, seaweeds may ameliorate systemic inflammation and IR in obesity partially due to inhibition of inflammatory signaling in adipose tissue cells as well as bone marrow-derived immune cells.