• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.819-828
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• 1993

The reaction of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) are important in cholesterol esterification and transfer for the reverse cholesterol transport(RCT) system. The purpose of this study were to assess the effects of fatty acid unsaturation on RCT system. After 12 female human subjects consumed a prescribed high saturated fat diet prior to the period, two groups of six subjects were provided with a high PUFA(corn oil) or a high SFA(butter) as major fats in a 40 en % fat diet. Butter feeding increased plasma total-(34%), esterified-(96%), HDL_3$-(23%), LDL-(20%), and VLDL plus LDL(35%) cholesterol while corn oil feeding decreased esterified-(25%), LDL(15%) cholesterol and TG(27%). There were significant differences of fats on total-(p=0.0001), esterified-(p=0.0001), total HDL-(p=0.005), $HDL_2$-(p=0.01)and LDL-(p=0.0001) cholesterol. LCAT activity did not change during the period but highly correlated to apo A-I in HDL which was increased in the corn oil group. The 2.5 fold increased CETP activity in the butter group during the period might be related to changes in plasma VLDL plus LDL cholesterol level which were increased in the butter group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.236-246
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• 2014

Purpose: Walnut is known to have unique favorable fatty acids, phytochemicals, and other nutrient profiles. As a result, there has been growing interest in evaluation of its health benefit related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although inverse associations of nut consumption and risk factors of cardiovascular disease have been reported in many epidemiological studies and qualitative reviews, few meta-analysis studies have been reported. This meta-analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of a walnut-enhanced diet on CVD risk factors. Methods: We searched Pubmed, Cochrane, Science Direct, and KISS (Korean studies Information Service System) through July 2014. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on 17 trials reporting total cholesterol (TC), 14 trials reporting LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), 15 trials reporting HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), 17 trials reporting triglyceride (TG), and four trials reporting flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Results: In meta-analysis, intake of a walnut-enhanced diet resulted in significantly lowered TC, LDL-C, and TG by -0.124 mmol/l (95% CI, -0.209, -0.039; p = 0.004), -0.085 mmol/lL (95% CI, -0.167, -0.004; p = l0.039), and -0.080 mmol/l (95% CI, -0.155, -0.004; p = 0.039), respectively. The overall pooled estimate of the effect on FMD was +1.313% (95% CI, 0.744, 1.882, p = 0.000). HDL-C was not affected by walnut intake. No statistical heterogeneity was observed for any analysis. Results of funnel plots and Egger's regression suggested a low likelihood of publication bias in all biomarkers (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Findings of this meta-analysis provide consistent evidence that walnut-enhanced diet intake reduces the CVD risk factors.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 1991

This study was to calculate the minimum food expenditure by using OR linear program, and to determine the food plans for different income values based on the recommenced dietary allowances(RDA) for Koreans. VAX 11/780 system was used in this study. There were 6 family models-single man, single woman, married couple, couple with one child, couple with 2 children and couple with 2 children & grandmother. The market price quoted in this study was from July 1989 to June 1990 and the data file was made from RDA & food composition tables. After the minimum food expenditure was calculated from the computer, the low cost food plan was set. From the low cost food plan, we set the moderate cost food plan 25% above the low cost and the liberal food plan 50% above the low cost. One week menu was planned for different food plans. The low cost food plan could be used not only at the institutional levels and at home but also used at the national food policy making for scientific budget planning and for nutritionally well balanced diet. These food plans could control the use of time and efforts, too.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.7-15
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• 1994

Dietary life of Korean population was greatly improved by the increased food production, enlarged food processing and betterment of food distribution system during the last three decades. On the other hand, food pollution issues have arisen from the increased use of chemicals and advancements in analytical techniques and toxicological information. The health risk of hazardous substances in Korean diet was estimated to be in the decreasing order of heavy metals>pesticide residues>food additives>mycotoxins>radionuclides>PCBs whereas consumers do not recognize it in the same order. It is needed to evaluate the food safety more accurately based on scientific evidences and to adopt reasonable regulatory measures in Korea for the benefits of people's health and national interest.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.16-25
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• 2018

Recently, the importance of analytical techniques related to food safety is emerging in the food industry due to changes in diet patterns, environmental changes, climate change and consumer's interest in food safety. In particular, food safety accidents in the food industry may cause economic losses such as media reports, product recalls, consumer distrust, and so on. Therefore, a systematic, proactive and comprehensive food safety management system is increasingly required to prevent food safety issues. Efforts to ensure the reliability of food safety are essential by introducing various analysis instruments such as LC, GC, ICP, LC/MS/MS, GC/MS/MS, ICP/MS, PCR, and RT-PCR. In addition, recent food safety analytical techniques used in food industry should be shifted paradigm by developing multi-component simultaneous analytical method, low cost with high efficient analytical method, and eco-friendly method.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.37-50
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of on-farm management systems(including the farm size, stocking density of growing-finishing phase, proportion of finisher diet and type of growing-finishing building) and pre-slaughter handling(including the transportation time and loading time) on carcass grade, the incidence of PSE pork, the meat quality score for intra-muscle fat, inter-muscle fat, subcutaneous fat and score for elasticity of market pigs. For this study, 248,787 pigs of 53 different farms were used to establish the pork quality assurance program and to meet the comsumer's need. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The farm size had significant influence on carcass grade, in which showing the higher grade by increasing the farm size. However, the incidence of PSE pork were not significantly differences among the farm size. The meat quality score for intra-muscle fat, inter-muscle fat, subcutaneous fat and score for elasticity of market pigs were not significant influenced by farm size. 2. The stocking density of growing-finishing phase was statistically significant for carcass grade, in which showing the higher grade in mid density group. However, the incidence of PSE pork was higher in high density group. The meat quality score for intra-muscle fat, inter-muscle fat and elasticity of market pigs were greater in mid density groups, but not influenced by stocking density for subcutaneous fat score. 3. The carcass grade and the incidence of PSE pork were not significantly influenced by transportation time. However, transportation time significantly affected the meat quality score, the meat quality score for intra-muscle fat, inter-muscle fat, subcutaneous fat and elasticity of the carcasses were superior in more than 1 hour transportation groups. 4. At any time loading, the carcass grade and PSE incidence were not significantly differences. However, the meat quality score for intra-muscle fat, inter-muscle fat and elasticity of market pigs were superior in before 10 AM groups, but not influenced by loading time for subcutaneous fat score. 5. The proportion of finisher diet had not significant influence on carcass grade, but PSE incidence affected by proportion of finisher diet, 21 percent or more group was higher PSE incidence. The meat quality score for intra-muscle fat and inter-muscle fat of the carcasses were superior in 21 percent or more fed finisher diet groups, but elasticity score of carcass had not influenced by the proportion of finisher diet. 6. The type of growing-finishing building was affected the carcass grade and PSE incidence of the market pigs, carcass grade and PSE incidence were superior in enclosed mechanical ventilation building groups. The meat quality score for intra-muscle fat and inter-muscle fat of the carcasses were not significantly differences by the type of finishing building, but the score of subcutaneous fat and elasticity of carcass were superior in opened natural ventilation building groups. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that we have more precise on-farm management practice and the knowledge related to pre-slaughter handling skills to reduce the stress and improve the status of welfare of market pigs.

• CELLMED
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.3.1-3.6
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• 2021

Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and it is generally allied with liver disease like cirrhosis of the liver. The ascites is commonly associated with liver cirrhosis, malignancy, or cardiovascular disease today. The liver cirrhosis is the most significant cause of ascites in developed countries as per the available data. In the modern medicine system, the treatment includes the restriction of sodium intake, use of diuretics, and paracentesis done in severe cases. There are many side effects of synthetic chemical diuretics, and their long-term use is not recommended. The alternative medicine like Unani system of medicine provides natural diuretics and drugs which also have protective effects on kidney, liver and other internal organs. It is well known in all drug systems that the prognosis is poor in ascites, but the use of Unani herbal medicines can minimize the side effects caused by synthetic chemical diuretics. The natural herbs used for the management of ascites have fewer side effects as compared to synthetic drugs. The natural drugs can be used for longer duration and provide some dietary supplement which improves the quality of life. This review addressed the thorough treatment of ascites by natural diet and medications.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.182-190
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to establish a large-scale database of patients with gastric cancer to facilitate the development of a nationalcancer management system and a comprehensive cancer control policy. Materials and Methods: An observational prospective cohort study on gastric cancer was initiated in 2010. A total of 14 cancer centers throughout the country and 152 researchers were involved in this study. Patient enrollment began in January 2011, and data regarding clinicopathological characteristics, life style-related factors, quality of life, as well as diet diaries were collected. Results: In total, 4,963 patients were enrolled until December 2014, and approximately 5% of all Korean patients with gastric cancer annually were included. The mean age was $58.2{\pm}11.5$ years, and 68.2% were men. The number of patients in each stage was as follows: 3,394 patients (68.4%) were in stage IA/B; 514 patients (10.4%), in stage IIA/B; 469 patients (9.5%), in stage IIIA/B/C; and 127 patients (2.6%), in stage IV. Surgical treatment was performed in 3,958 patients (79.8%), endoscopic resection was performed in 700 patients (14.1%), and 167 patients (3.4%) received palliative chemotherapy. The response rate for the questionnaire on the quality of life was 95%; however, diet diaries were only collected for 27% of patients. Conclusions: To provide comprehensive information on gastric cancer for patients, physicians, and government officials, a large-scale database of Korean patients with gastric cancer was established. Based on the findings of this cohort study, an effective cancer management system and national cancer control policy could be developed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.6 s.78
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• pp.95-104
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• 2005

This study surveyed the perception and demand for the child care policy and child care service of working mothers with children under age 6. The subjects were 266 working mothers in Seoul and Kyoung-Gi Province. Data were collected with the questionnaire method and analyzed by spss-win program, including median, mode, mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The result of this study can be summarized as follows. (1) The working mothers considered both parents have the responsibility on child care and strongly demanded the national support on child care. (2) The working mothers prefered own mother and relatives to child care center as a carer of infants and toddlers, but prefered child care center for children age 3-5. (3) The working mothers demanded the increase of finantial support for family and child care center. (4) The working mothers focused on 'the security and care Program' and focused next on 'diet and health care program' in child care service. (5) The working mothers did not nearly know about the accreditation system of child care centers. This results suggest that the national and social support for child care service is an essential part in promoting children's and the working mothers' welfare.

• CELLMED
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.9.1-9.6
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• 2017

Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis/ Chronic Pancreatitis (RAP/ CP) is generally marked by sudden onset of symptoms like severe abdominal pain, vomiting and weight loss that needs emergency hospitalization. Owing to irreversible and progressive nature of the disease and limitations of conventional treatment, many patients look for an alternative solution. Here, we report data of 250 well diagnosed cases of acute recurring/ chronic pancreatitis, enrolled in between January 1997 to August 2016, in our Ayurvedic clinical practice in Northern part of India. Ayurveda is well recognized as an independent medical system parallel to conventional medicines in India and a subject is free to opt for any system of medicine for the prevention and treatment of any ailment. The subjects were treated with a complex herbo-mineral formulation based on the principles of Rasa Shastra in Ayurveda that deals with the therapeutics of processed metals in the prevention and treatment of diseases. They were also prescribed a regulated balanced diet and lifestyle. Significant improvement has been noted in subjects who have completed the treatment.