• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1784-1789
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• 2002

One hundred and twenty-eight growing barrows (Jiaxing Black${\times}$Duroc${\times}$Landrace) at an average BW of 20.8 kg were allocated to four treatments for 42 days, each of which was replicated four times with eight pigs per replicate and used to investigate the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on digestive enzyme activities, intestinal microflora and morphology of growing pigs. The pigs received the same basal corn-soybean meal diet and FOS was added to the basal diet at 0, 2, 4, 6 g/kg diet at the expense of corn, respectively. As compared to control, supplementation with 4 and 6 g/kg FOS significantly improved average daily gain and feed efficiency. Addition of FOS enhanced the growth of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, but inhibited Clostridium and Escherichia coli in the small intestinal and proximal colonic contents. Supplementation with 4 and 6 g/kg FOS significantly improved the activities of total protease, trypsin and amylase in the small intestinal contents. However, FOS had no significant effect on the activity of lipase in the small intestinal contents as well as the digestive enzymes in pancreas. Morphological measurement of jejunal mucosa did show response to consumption of FOS. Villus height and the villus height to crypt depth ratio at the jejunal mucosa were significantly higher with 4 and 6 g/kg FOS supplementation as compared to control.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.808-813
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• 2021

The diet composition of Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius, was investigated using 853 specimens collected using two-boat trawl, stow net, gill net and set net from January to December 2019 from the South Sea of Korea. The size of the specimens ranged from 25.2 to 114.8 cm in fork length. S. niphonius fed mostly on fishes. Its diets also included small quantities of shrimps, cephalopods, crabs, stomatopods, etc. Among them, Engraulis japonicus was the dominant species. The dietary composition of S. niphonius exhibited significant differences based on their size. The proportion of Trichiurus japonicus increased as body size of S. niphonius increased, whereas the proportion of E. japonicus decreased gradually. As the body size of S. niphonius increased, the mean weight of prey per the stomach (mW/ST) tended to increase significantly (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05).

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.321-340
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• 2022

Objectives: This study established a practical direction for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome by evaluating the health status, nutrition intake level, and diet quality according to metabolic syndrome and related drug treatment in Korean adults. Methods: The data from the 2017 KNHANES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) was analyzed. The analysis included 2,978 adults, classified into the normal, metabolic syndrome (MetS), metabolic syndrome with medicines (MetS-M), and without medicines (MetS-noM) groups. The nutrient intake, NAR (nutrient adequacy ratio), INQ (index of nutritional quality), and DDS (dietary diversity score) were analyzed. Results: The mean BMI was significantly higher in the MetS group than in the normal group for all subjects. Subjects of the MetS group tended to consume less energy and major nutrients, while males aged 50 ~ 64 and all females showed less intake of nutrients in the MetS-M group. The energy intake ratio was within 55 ~ 65 : 7~ 20 : 15 ~ 30 of KDRI (Korean Dietary Recommended Intake), but the carbohydrate energy ratio of all subjects aged 50 to 64 was over 65%. The NAR of the major nutrients was lower in the MetS-M group, the average INQ was around 0.8, especially the INQ of calcium and vitamin A was less than 1, and the total DDS score was less than 4 points. Conclusions: This study confirmed that the nutrient intake and diet quality differed among subjects diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and managed with medical care. The intakes of energy and many nutrients, the quality of diets, and the diversity of food groups in the MetS-M group were lower than in the normal group. Therefore, these will be an important basis for establishing a specific direction of diet education for preventing and managing metabolic syndrome according to gender, age, metabolic syndrome, and drug treatment.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.313-328
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• 2006

This study was objectively performed to identify dietitians' job in the elderly health-care facilities, to assess facilities and dietitian's demographic characteristics, and to determine performance and importance of dietitian's job including the demand of therapeutic diet development. Survey was conducted by mail and samples were the dietitians working in 376 facilities which capacity is over 50 members from nationwide 583 the elderly health-care facilities. Returned questionnaire was 102 and used for statistic analysis. The distributions of the elderly health-care facilities showed 39 the elderly nursing facilities(38.2%), 32 skilled nursing facilities (32.4%), 13 geriatrics hospital facilities(12.7%) and 9 the elderly cost nursing facilities(8.8%). 60.0 percent of the samples showed its menu price as 1,000 to 1,500 won. A cycle-menu program was in-use at the 79.0% facilities, but only 7.1% facilities have been introduced a selected menu system. 92.9% facilities employed only one dietitian. In the demographic characteristics of dietitian only 14.7% dietitian had a clinical dietitian license and 51.5% of respondents answered at least 1 to 3 months internship program is needed. Job activities of the dietitian in the elderly health-care foodservice were identified as 45 activities with 9 dimensions. Job performance score evaluated dietitian oneself was 4.71 of 7 points. The average importance score that the dietitian evaluated their own job was 5.66 points of 7. The job activities shown higher importance but lower performance were therapeutic diet development for in-patients, menu development suitable for taste of the elderly, and leadership. Job performance score by characteristics of dietitian and their elderly health-care facilities was significantly associated with experience of dietitian in elderly health-care (F=4.480, p<0.05), education of dietitian(F=2.659, p<0.01), number of dietitian(F=2.245, p<0.05), and number of employee in foodservice(F=2.607, p<0.05). Most common diseases of the aged was proved as hypertension(81.7%), diabetes mellitus(71.4%), and dementia(65.0%). The therapeutic diets frequently provided were diabetes mellitus diet, dysphagia diet, low sodium diet, high fiber diet, and high protein diet, in order. For those reasons, dietitian in the elderly health care emphasized that the information about therapeutic diet development such as diabetes mellitus diet, dysphagia diet, low sodium diet and hypertension diet must be continuously developed and provided. The result from this study can be applicable to enlarge and enrich job activities of dietitian in elderly health-care foodservice.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2012

본 연구는 4주령의 male Wister rat을 대상으로 4주간 등열량 고지방식이 (50% calories from fat) 또는 지구성 운동 (treadmill running, slop 8%, 23m/min, 120분/일, 5일/주)이 미토콘드리아 생합성과 인슐린 저항성에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 4주간의 등열량 고지방식이는 일반 사료 집단에 비해 체중과 체지방량에 차이가 없었고, 혈중 포도당, 인슐린 수준 및 골격근내의 인슐린 유발 포도당 이동률도 4주간 등열량 고지방식이 및 일반 사료 집단 간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 4주간 등열량 고지방식이와 지구성 운동을 병해 실시한 집단의 체중, 체지방, 혈중 포도당 수준도 다른 3집단과 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 지구성 운동을 실시한 집단은 고지방식이 집단보다 혈중 인슐린 수준이 유의하게(p<0.05) 낮게 나타났다. 4주간의 등열량 고지방식 또는 지구성 운동은 미토콘드리아 생합성을 증가시키지 않았으나 복합처치의 경우 유의하게(p<0.05) 증가시켰고, 이러한 현상은 혈중 유리지방산의 증가와 함께 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상의 연구 결과들을 종합하면 4주간의 등열량 고지방식과 지구성 운동 복합처치는 인슐린 저항성을 발생시키지 않고 미토콘드리아 표지인자를 유의하게 증가시킴으로 미토콘드리아 생합성을 안정적으로 증가시키는데 좋은 대안이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 1997

Use of the viamin-mineral supplements markedly increased with the awareness of diet and health. Data were collected from the self-administered questionnaire of 450 free living elderly, 60 to 94 years old, in Korea, to assess the relationships between socioeconomic variables, beliefs about nutrition, and the factors affecting gupplements usage. In addition, vitamin-mineral intakes through the supplements were calculated, and compared with RDA. 44.9% of the subjects took the vitamin-mineral supplements, and significantly higher percentage of women(49.3%) than men(38.1%) took supplements(p<0.05). The higher the education level, monthly pocket money, the percentage of supplements consumption was higher. People living in large cities took more supplements than those in small cities. One of the mainly cited reasons for taking supplements was to maintain health. The most favored nutrient supplements used by the subjects were in the order of vitamin B complex, vitamin E and Calcium, and vitamin-mineral intake through the supplements were much greater than RDA and ranges of their intakes were very wide. Vitamin B1 and vitamin E were observed to consume excessive amount(63 times of RDA and 40 times of RDA, respectively). The reasons for supplementation were often inappropriate and unreliable sources of information were used. Thus nutritional understanding and education of the elderly peopled are needed in regard to the use of vitamin-mineral supplements, and the relationship between adequate diet and good health.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2016

The feeding habits of yellowfin goby (Acanthogobius flavimanus) were studied based on the examination of stomach contents of 171 specimens collected from September 2013 to August 2014 in the tidal flat of Sangnae-ri, Suncheon, Korea. The size of A. flavimanus ranged from 10.6 to 18.3 cm in standard length (SL). A. flavimanus mainly consumed amphipods (especially Corophium sp.). Its diet also included shrimps, crabs, fishes and polychaetes. Ontogenetic changes in diet composition of A. flavimanus were evident. The portion of amphipods and polychaetes was inversely proprotional to the increase in fish size whereas it was directly proportional to the increase in the consumption of shrimps and crabs increased.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.133-146
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• 2004

Purpose： The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions of obesity, and the factors related to children's obesity. Method： The subjects were 568 students (5th, 6th grades) of ten elementary schools in a small city of about 350,000. Subjects self-reported after being instructed by researchers to identify health habits and attitudes toward obesity. The Rohrer index was calculated by using annual physical examinations preformed by the schools. Result： 17.5％ of the subjects were under weight, 22.2％ were overweight, and 60.3％ were normal. In girls, the under weight group was much larger, in boys the overweight group was larger. 46.2％ of overweight children had a familial tendency to obesity. 60.6％ of boys and 60％ of girls were on a diet in order to improve their looks or to prevent ridicule from mends. On average, one-third of the subjects misunderstood their own weight level. Subjects spent 3-4hours on weekdays, and over 6hours on the weekend watching TV or using personal computers. The overweight group enjoyed eating meat, fish, beans and vegetables, while the normal group tended to prefer fruit. Conclusion： Health education programs which guide elementary school students to form better health habits, more accurate perceptions of their own body weight, and better attitudes toward obesity and which make students aware of the importance of exercise, a healthy diet, and reducing time spent in front of TVs and computers may help them to keep at their appropriate weight.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2015

Objectives: This paper aims to identify the health related behaviors patterns and its associated factors among marriage immigrant women in Korea, and discusses their application to health promotion strategies. Methods: The study participants were 7,591 immigrant wives in Gyeonggi province who participated in health examinations conducted by the Korea Association of Health Promotion in 2011-2013. The participants completed self-administered questionnaires on sociodemographics, psychological characteristics, health status and health care factors, and health related behaviors. Results: A 3-latent-class model of health behaviors was identified related to 'lack of physical activity', 'abnormal diet', and 'not experienced medical check-up': 'high risk class', 'middle risk class', and 'low risk class'. Most of the participants belong to 'middle risk class'. Country of origin, age, length of stay, number of children, work status, health insurance status, and unmet health care needs were associated with problematic health behaviors in middle risk health behavior class. Conclusions: Health promotion and intervention programs for marriage immigrant women and their family members need to consider the health behavior patterns of physical inactivity, abnormal diet and no medical check-up and develop multiple behavior intervention with pre-existing program modification.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1537-1543
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 포도씨열수추출물을 이용하여 고지방식이로 비만을 유도한 마우스의 지질대사 및 적혈구의 항산화방어계에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 4주령의 C57BL/6 마우스(n=24)를 1주일간 적응시킨 후 정상식이를 급여한 정상군, 고지방(열량의 37%를 지방으로 대체)을 급여한 고지방대조군과 고지방-포도씨열수추출물군으로 나누어 6주간 사육하였다. 포도씨열수추출물은 1%수준으로 식이에 첨가하였으며 동일한 열량, 질소량 및 섬유소가 함유되도록 조제하여 급여하였다. 고지방식이는 정상식이에 비하여 체중, 일일 열량섭취량, 백색지방 무게, 혈장과 간조직의 지질함량 및 혈장 leptin 함량을 유의적으로 증가시켰다. 본 실험에서 첨가된 식이 1%의 포도씨열수추출물 보충은 고지방을 급여한 마우스의 체중과 장기무게에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 혈장의 중성지질과 간조직의 콜레스테롤 함량을 현저히 저하하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 혈장 중의 중성지질은 포도씨열수추출군에서 정상수준으로 개선되었으며, 포도씨열수추출물은 변으로 중성지질 배설을 고지방대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높였다. 간조직의 지질대사 효소인 FAS, ${\beta}$-oxidation, CPT 활성은 고지방대조군에서 정상군에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았으나 포도씨열수추출물군의 CPT 활성은 고지방대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높았고, ${\beta}$-oxidation 활성도 증가경향을 보였다. 또한 적혈구의 SOD와 GSH-Px 활성이 포도씨열수추출물 급여시 활성화될 뿐만 아니라 고지방식이로 유도한 비만마우스의 적혈구내 지질과산화물 함량이 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 이와 같이 포도씨열수추출물은 고지방 섭취시 혈 중 지질개선 및 항산화제로서의 가능성을 제시하였다.