• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제26권7호
• /
• pp.858-866
• /
• 1993

S.D.rats were fed with 3.4% tyrosine supplemented diet for 5 days. Tyrosine diet had no effects on brain NE and MHPG-SO4 levels in non-stressed rats. When these animals were given 3 hr-immobilization stress, they responded in a manner that coped better to the stress. This was measured by the increase in brain MHPG-SO4 indicating the increase in norepinephrine turnover by the stressed animals. When rats were stressed, fed basal or high-tyrosine diet, brain tyrosine concentration dropped more than 26% over the non-stress control animals. 3-hr immobilization stress also decreased brain NE levels. However, while the stress resulted in a significant decrease(p<0.05) of brain NE in basal diet, the decrease was not significant in high-TYR diet group. And as the stress index, serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid concentratons also were assayed. In this study, it was found that high-TYR diet prevented the stress-induced depletion of brain NE and suppressed the rise in serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid. These results suggest that high-TYR diet increases the coping ability of body to stress.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.303-311
• /
• 2007

As obesity is known to be related to hyperlipidemia, diabetes and coronary heart disease, and other chronic diseases, many researches have focused on functional food materials showing anti-obesity activity. The adipokines secreted by adipose tissue, resistin and adiponectin are known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases directly. C-reactive protein and homocysteine are molecules regulated by adipose tissue indirectly also relate to the chronic diseases. This study was performed to study of the anti-obesity effects of Sasa borealis in diet-induced obese mice (C57/BL6J). The mice were divided into four group: NFD (Normal fat diet), HFD (High fat diet), BSE (High fat diet containing 5% of 70% ethanol extract of Sasa borealis leaves), BLW (High fat diet containing 5% of water extract of Sasa borealis leaves). The experimental diets were fed for 11 weeks. The final body weight of the mice in the groups of BSE and BLW groups were significantly lower than the HFD group. The effects of weight reduction were due to reduced body fat accumulation. The adiponectin levels are significantly decreased in HFD group compared than NFD group and increased taken by Sasa borealis containing diet. The resistin levels are not significantly different between experimental groups. The CRP and homocyteine levels are significantly higher in HFD group than NFD group and significantly decreased by Sasa borealis containing diet, especially BLW group. These results indicate that orally administered Sasa borealis not only has the effect of reducing the body weight and total fat weight, but preferable effect in adiponectin levels and related molecules as CRP and homocysteine. Therefore we expect the Sasa borealis may have an anti-obesity function and anti-metabolic syndrome effect in diet-induced obese mice.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.450-458
• /
• 2020

본 논문에서는 인지기능과 식사중재 프로그램의 관련 효과를 확인하고자 체계적 고찰을 시행하였다. 2019년 데이터베이스 검색, 선별을 통해 총 21편의 연구를 비뚤림 평가하였다. 고혈압 예방 식사인 대시 식단(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, DASH diet) 1편, 지중해 식단(Med diet) 8편, 마인드 식단(Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, MIND diet) 2편이었다(Table 1). 그리고 그 외의 식이중재는 10편이였다(Table 2). 인지 기능 개선을 위해 대표되는 식단 대시 식단(DASH diet), 지중해 식단(Med diet), 마인드 식단(MIND diet) 비교해 본 결과 공통적으로 야채류, 너트류를 권장하고 붉은 육류는 제한한다. 전세계적으로 각 나라마다 고령자의 인지 개선을 위한 연구가 실행되고 있으며 중재 식사관리는 지중해 식단과 비슷한 식단으로 구성되어 있으며 연구 결과 식이교육, 식이중재 시 인지 개선 효과가 있었다. 이 연구를 통해 식이패턴과 식사의 질을 높이는 것이 중요하고 인지기능 개선에 높은 효과를 보인다는 것을 확인할 수 있었고 치매의 치료법은 아직 개발되지 않았으므로 치매의 진행을 예방하고 발병을 지연시키기 위해 식단 구성시 정제되지 않은 통곡물, 야채, 과일, 베리류, 생선, 올리브유, 너트류, 콩류 섭취를 권장한다. 이 고찰을 통해 인지기능 개선을 위해 단일 영양소, 단일 식품의 섭취의 한계를 확인하였고 한국 고령자에게 맞는 맞춤형 식사교육을 통한 식사관리 중재 프로그램이 필요하다는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고, 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 한국형 식사관리 중재 프로그램의 기초를 마련하고자 한다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제7권5호
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2013

Although several studies have assessed the influence of the glycemic index on body weight and blood pressure among adults, limited evidence exists for the pediatric age population. In the current study, we compared the effects of low glycemic index (LGI) diet to the healthy nutritional recommendation (HNR)-based diet on obesity and blood pressure among adolescent girls in pubertal ages. This 10-week parallel randomized clinical trial comprised of 50 overweight or obese and sexually mature girls less than 18 years of age years, who were randomly assigned to LGI or HNR-based diet. Macronutrient distribution was equivalently prescribed in both groups. Blood pressure, weight and waist circumference were measured at baseline and after intervention. Of the 50 participants, 41 subjects (include 82%) completed the study. The GI of the diet in the LGI group was $42.67{\pm}0.067$. A within-group analysis illustrated that in comparison to the baseline values, the body weight and body mass index (not waist circumference and blood pressure) decreased significantly after the intervention in both groups (P = 0.0001). The percent changes of the body weight status, waist circumference and blood pressure were compared between the two groups and the findings did not show any difference between the LGI diet consumers and those in the HNR group. In comparison to the HNR, LGI diet could not change the weight and blood pressure following a 10-week intervention. Further longitudinal studies with a long-term follow up should be conducted in this regard.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.68-79
• /
• 2007

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional problem that affects people of all ages in both industrialized and developing countries. Especially, college women are the target population for dietary iron deficiency. Recent study showed that the nutritional status of college women was poor because of insufficient food consumption and repeatabled weight reduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition counseling on the diet quality, nutritional status of iron and hematic parameters in college women who have self-recognized anemic symptoms. Anthropometric and dietary assessments as well as blood analysis, were carried out before and after the 8 weeks of nutrition counseling. During the experimental period, the 31 subjects were given nutrition education by a clinical dietitian. Nutrition counseling consisted of pathology of anemia, nutrition information for iron deficient anemia, diet information of balanced meals and menu choices for eating out. As a result, the frequencies of consumption of legumen and vegetables significantly increased after nutrition counseling(p<0.05). Daily intakes of protein, especially animal protein, vitamin E, niacin, heme iron, and zinc significantly increased(p<0.05). After nutrition counseling, some self-reported clinical symptoms such as 'dizziness', 'fatigue', 'short of breath', 'headache', 'sleeplessness', and 'beating heart' were significantly improved. Serum levels of transferrin(p<0.01) and total iron binding capacity levels(p<0.05) significantly increased. It could be concluded that the 8 weeks of nutrition counseling might be effective on quality of diet as well as iron status and it might also improve the some hematic parameters in college women who have self-recognized anemic symptoms.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2006

This study was performed to investigate antioxidative and anti-aging action of extracts from Sancho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) leaves. Two extracts were obtained by 80% methanol extraction followed by subsequent fractionation with methylene chloride (MC) and n-butanol (B) and fed at one or three levels to rats on normal level (5%) of fat (control) and high fat(20%) in diets. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 100 g were divided into ten groups such as control diet group(C), control diet+0.50%B group (CB), control diet+0.50%MC group (CMC), high-fat diet group (HF), high-fat diet+0.25%B group (HBL), high-fat diet+0.50%B group (HBM), high-fat diet+0.75%B group (HBH), high-fat diet+0.25%MC group (HMCL), high-fat diet+0.50%MC group (HMCM) and high-fat diet+ 0.75%MC group (HMCH) and fed each diet for four weeks. The effects of the extracts on antioxidant enzyme activities and indices of lipid peroxidation and aging were seen only in high fat diet groups. Hepatic superoxide dismutase and aryleaterase activities were not changed by Sancho extracts. But glutathione peroxidase, catalase and paraxonase activities were significantly restored by both MC and B at the level of 0.75% lipid peroxide which was increased by high fat diet was significantly reduced by B and MC at the level of 0.25% and over. Lipofuscin fluorescence and cabonyl value were increased by high fat diet were reduced by B and MC at the level of 0.5% and over. It is concluded that the Sancho extracts can be utilized as functional ingredients of health foods for reducing oxidative stress.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.244-251
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of cellulose and pectin on glucose and plasma lipid concentrations in healthy women. Eight female collage students were participated voluntarily. All subjects received a fiber-free control diet (CD), cellulose diet (CED), pectin diet (PTD) with each diet for a period of three days with a 4 day interval. The food intake of subjects were monitored every day and plasma level of glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol were determined at last day. Blood glucose, plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol were measured at fasting state and 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minute after consuming each diet. Plasma glucose concentrations (AUC: Area Under the Curve) of pectin diet was $122.7{\pm}4.0mg/dl$ and that of cellulose diet was $147.6{\pm}8.4mg/d$, but they were significantly lower than in comparison with those of control diet ($197.1{\pm}11.6mg/dl$) (p<0.05) Plasma triglyceride concentrations of the CED ($-83.9{\pm}22.2mg/dl$) PTD ($-9.7{\pm}26.1mg/dl$) showed gradual decrease after each test diet feeding but not significantly different in each dietary fiber added diet (p<0.05). Plasma cholesterol concentrations of the CD was not significantly different in PTD, but PTD was significantly lower than the CED until 3 hours after consuming each test meal (p<0.05). In conclusion, in spite of total cholesterol was reduced only by pectin, glucose and triglyceride were lower than control diet in dietary fiber intake. But there were no significant differences each dietary fiber.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.136-144
• /
• 2011

Assessment of quality of life (QOL) is a new method to investigate the effectiveness of dietary regimen. Particularly, diet-related QOL is the most appropriate method to estimate social and psychological problems originated from dietary regimen practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diet-related QOL and the correlation between diet-related QOL and health-related QOL, and dietary regimen practice in online diabetes self-help patients who practice the dietary regimen. Sixty one subjects who intended to practice dietary regimen were recruited from online diabetes self-help community, and instructed to fill-up the self report questionnaires. Contents of questionnaire were comprised of general characteristics, clinical characteristics, dietary compliance, and dietary regimen practice. As a result, the mean score of the 'Dietary impact' among the diet-related QOL sub-scales was the lowest suggesting most of the subjects suffer from burden of dietary regimen practice. The "Dietary impact" was correlated with "Taste", "Convenience" and "Cost" (p < 0.05). "Self-care" and "Satisfaction" were positively associated with well-controlled blood glucose and dietary regimen compliance, but negatively associated with "Dietary impact". Diet-related QOL was significantly correlated with the Health-related QOL, particularly the mental and social component (p < 0.05). Diet-related QOL was negatively associated with BMI, and self monitoring blood glucose was negatively correlated with "Self-care" (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Diet-related QOL might be appropriate to evaluate the effects of dietary regimen or nutrition education. The need for dietary education of cognitive-behavioral strategies and problem-solving ability is required.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제34권7호
• /
• pp.1146-1156
• /
• 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of two plant additives, rich in polyphenolic compounds, supplemented to sheep diets on microorganisms and carbohydrate fermentation in rumen. Methods: In the experiment, 6 ewes of the Polish Mountain breed were fitted with ruminal cannulas. Sheep were divided into three feeding groups. The study was performed in a cross-over design of two animals in each group, with three experimental periods (n = 6 per each group). The animals were fed a control diet (CON) or additionally received 3 g of dry and milled lingonberry leaves (VVI) or oak bark (QUE). Additionally, plant material was analyzed for tannins concentration. Results: Regardless of sampling time, QUE diet increased the number of total protozoa, as well as Entodinium spp., Diplodinium spp. and Isotrichidae family, while decreased bacterial mass. In turn, a reduced number of Diplodinium spp. and increased Ophryoscolex spp. population were noted in VVI fed sheep. During whole sampling time (0, 2, 4, and 8 h), the number of protozoa in ruminal fluid of QUE sheep was gradually reduced as opposed to animals receiving CON and VVI diet, where rapid shifts in the protozoa number were observed. Moreover, supplementing sheep with QUE diet increased molar proportions of butyrate and isoacids in ruminal fluid. Unfortunately, none of the tested additives affected gas production. Conclusion: The addition of VVI or QUE in a small dose to sheep diets differently affected rumen microorganisms and fermentation parameters, probably because of various contribution of catechins in tested plant materials. However, it is stated that QUE diet seems to create more favorable conditions for growth and development of ciliates. Nonetheless, the results of the present study showed that VVI and QUE additives could serve as potential natural modulators of microorganism populations and, consequently, carbohydrate digestion in ruminants.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제39권8호
• /
• pp.832-840
• /
• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between diet quality and food cost and identify the effects of food cost on healthy diet among Korean adult. Among the subjects of 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey 1,641 men and 1,765 women aged from 30 to 49 years were selected and their information of dietary intakes, socio-demo-graphic information, and anthropometric data were analyzed. For the analysis, subjects were classified to quartile based on their daily food cost. Food guidelines provided by Korean Nutrition Society was regarded as a model of healthy diet. Subjects in the lowest quartile of food cost consumed inadequate amount of food from all food categories of the guidelines. Many subjects in the highest quartile not only satisfied the recommended amount of the Food Guide but also seemed to overeat high energy density foods. Even in the highest quartile, about 90% of subjects did not satisfied recommended amount of dairy products. According to the calculated cost of healthy diet, the average cost did not seem to be more expensive than the current mean food cost of the subjects, and most cost-sensitive food intake was observed in the meat fish beans eggs category. The implications of study results were: 1) all the high cost diets did not indicate the high quality of diet, 2) most practical matter of healthy diet in low income group seemed whether they could afford the expense of meat and fish, 3) nutrition education was required to most subjects for healthy diet.