• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.603-615
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• 2016

본 연구는 건강한 중년여성 28명을 대상으로 강도별 유산소운동을 12주간 주 3회로 실시하여 혈압, 레닌-알도스테론계, 신경전달물질 및 인지기능, 작업기억의 변화와 처치 후 인지기능에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고자 실시하였다. 모집된 대상자를 통제집단 9명, 중강도 유산소운동집단 10명(50%V02max), 고강도 유산소운동집단 9명(70%V02max)으로 구분하여 처치 전과 후 반복측정 분산분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결과가 나타났다. 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌, BDNF, 인지기능과 작업기억을 증가시키고, 알도스테론, 안지오텐신II, 알도스테론-레닌 비율을 감소시켰다. 고강도 유산소운동은 BDNF, 인지기능, 작업기억을 증가시키고 수축기혈압을 감소시켰다. 또한 강도별 유산소운동 후 인지기능에 미치는 요인을 회귀분석한 결과 중강도 유산소운동은 이완기혈압, 레닌-알도스테론 비율의 감소와 작업기억, BDNF의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤고, 고강도 유산소운동은 작업기억 BDNF, 세로토닌의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서 중강도 이상의 유산소운동은 중년여성의 인지기능 및 작업기억을 향상시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 인지기능 향상에 영향을 미치는 대사적 요인으로 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌-알도스테론 조절과 작업기억이었고 고강도 유산소운동은 신경전달물질과 작업기억으로 나타났다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제15B권6호
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• pp.507-516
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• 2008

최근 연구 결과에 따르면 여러가지 질환 중에 심장 질환으로 인한 사망률이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 임상 실습에서 심장 기능은 좌심실을 수동윤곽검출하여 혈류량이나 심박구출률을 계산하여 분석하지만, 많은 시간과 비용을 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 심장을 촬영한 단축 자기공명영상을 사용하여 자동 좌심실 분할 알고리즘을 제안한다. 코일 위치에 따른 왜곡을 보상하고, 에지 정보를 검출하고 특성에 따라 분류한후에, 영역 확장 기법을 사용하여 좌심실을 분할하였다. 또한 부분 복셀소(voxel)의 영향을 고려하였다. 코넬대학교 IRB의 승인하에 38 명의 심장 자기공명영상을 사용하여 제안한 알고리즘을 수동윤곽검출 및 GE MASS 소프트웨어와 비교하였다. 심장의 이완기와 수축기에 혈류량은 부분 복셀소 영향을 고려하지 않을 경우 각각 $3.3mL{\pm}5.8$(표준편차)와 $3.2mL{\pm}4.3$, 부분 복셀소 영향을 고려한 경우 각각 $19.1mL{\pm}8.8$와 $10.3mL{\pm}6.1$의 정확도를 보였다. 심박구출률은 부분 복셀소 영향을 고려하지 않은 경우와 고려한 경우에 대해서 각각 $-1.3%{\pm}2.6$ 와 $-2.1%{\pm}2.4$의 정확도를 보였다. 이를 통해 제안한 알고리즘이 정확하고 정기적인 임상 실습에 유용함을 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2001

배경: 전기 자극에 의한 호흡조율장치는 인공호흡기에 비하여 많은 장점이 있으나 임상적으로 제한된 환자에게만 적용이 되어왔고 일시적인 조율장치는 별로 보고가 없는 실정이다. 본 실험의 목적은 일시적 호흡보조장치가 개흉술 환자에서 임상응용이 가능한지를 알고자 동물실험을 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 전신마취 하에 5마리의 개를 대상으로 하였다. 좌측 5번째 늑간을 열고 자체 고안한 일시적 사용 가능한 전극을 좌측 횡격 신경 주위에 설치하고 근자극기에 연결하였다. 흉벽을 봉합하고 흉관을 수면 아래로 배관되게 설치하였다. 대동맥과 우심방에 Millar 카테터를 삽입하고 Swan-Ganz 카테터를 폐동맥에 삽입하였다. 마취가 깊게되어 자기 호흡이 약해진 경우 자극기를 작동하여 혈역학적 변화와 일회호흡량을 관찰하였다. 결과 일회호흡량은 143.3$\pm$51.3ml에서 272.3$\pm$87.4ml(p=0.004)로 증가하였고 우심방 이완기압은 0.7$\pm$4.0mmHg에서 -10.5$\pm$4.7mmHg(p=0.005)로 감소하였다. 폐동맥 이완기압도 6.1$\pm$2.5mmHg에서 1.2$\pm$4.8mmHg(p<0.001)로 감소하였다. 흉강내압의 변화를 알 수 있는 흉관의 물기등 높이는 10.3$\pm$6.7cmH$_{2}$O에서 20.0$\pm$5.3cmH$_{2}$O로 증가하였다. 결론: 일시적인 횡격막 조율장치는 개흉술 예에서 일시적으로 호흡을 보조해주는 간편한 방법이다. 자체 고안한 전극은 삽입 및 제거가 가능하며 이러한 음압을 이용한 호흡보조장치는 혈액순환에도 도움을 준다. 임상적으로 개흉술 환자에서 일시적인 호흡보조장치를 응용하면 호흡 및 순환기에도 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1076-1080
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• 1996

허혈후 재관류시 일산화질소의 전구체인 L-arginin에 심근기능에 미치는 영향은 각 연구의 조건에 따라 일정하지 않다. 저자들은 L-arginine의 농도에 의한 심근보호효과의 차이를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 란겐돌프 관류장치하의 흰쥐 적출심장에 37.5$^{\circ}C$에서 30분의 허혈과 30분의 재관류를 실시하면서 재관류시 관류액에 L-arginine을 첨가하여 농도를 1, 2, 3, 4 mm/L로 하였고 대 조군에는 L-arginine을 첨가하지 않았다. 허혈기 직전과 재관류 30분에 좌심실 수축기능(좌심실 발생압, 좌심실압 최대 순간 증가율), 이완기능(좌심실압 최대 순간 감소율)과 관상관류량을 측정하였다. L-arginine 농도가 1mm/L, 2 mm/L인 실험군은 좌심실 발생압, 좌심실압 최대 순간증가율, 좌심실압 최대 순간감소율 및 관상관류량의 회복률이 대조군에 비해 통계적 유의성은 없었으나 우수한 경향을 보였다. 그러나 L-arginine의 농도가 증가함에 따라 회복률은 감소하여 4 mM/L농도의 실험군은 대조군보다 유의하게 낮은 회복률을 보였다(p(0.05). 이러한 연구결과를 통해 심근허혈후 재관류시 심근기능 및 관상관류량 회복을 향상시키기 위해서는 L-arginine을 2mM/ 이하의 농도로 투여 해야 하며 향후 그 이상의 높은 농도에서 나타난 회복 저하에 관한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.105-117
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• 1988

To evaluate training effect, aerobic dance was performed by eight female collegestudents for 8 weeks. Body composition, cardiopulmonary function at rest and during maximal exercise, blood cholesterol concentration at rest were determined before and after 8weeks of aerobic dance training. Maximal exercise was performed on the treadmill according of Bruce protocol. Pre to post training differences were evaluated. The results obtained were as follows : 1. After the training, skinfold thickness and total body fat decreased significantly(p＜0.1) while lean body mass increased with significance (p＜0.1). 2. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure at rest decreased without sinificance after the training. 3. As a result of training, forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume for a second increased significantly (p＜0.01, p＜0.1). 4. After the training period, heart rate at 3, 6, and 9 min. during treadmill exercise was significantly lower than those of pretraining (p＜0.05). 5. After the training, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 6 and 9 min during the exercise was significantly lower than those of pretraining (p＜0.025, p＜0.1). 6. After the training, oxygen uptake at 3 and 6 min during the exercise was significantly greater than those of pretraining (p＜0.05). 7. As a result of training, the maximal oxygen uptake increased significantly during the exercise (p＜0.1). 8. After the training, expired air volume for a minute at 3 and 6 min during the exercise was signigicantly grerter than those of pretraining (p＜0.1). 9. After the training, repiratory quotient during the exercise was lower than pretaining without significance. 10. After the training, blood HDL -cholesterol concentration incereased with significance, (p＜0.1) blood total cholesterol and triglycerids concentration decreasedsignificantly (p＜0.1). From these results, it may be concluded that 8 week aerobic dance training reduces skinfold thickness and body fat contents, improves the cardiopulmonary function and tissue oxygen utilization, reduces blood cholesterol and triglyceride concentration and brings about the increase of blood HDL-cholesterol concentriation.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2005

Electrocardiogram-gated single photon omission computed tomography (SPECT) provides valuable information in the assessment of both myocardial perfusion and ventricular function. Tl-201 is a suboptimal isotope for gating. Tl-201 images are more blurred compared with Tc-99m tracers due to the increased amount of scattered photons and use of a smooth filter. The average myocardial count densities are approximately one-half those of conventional technetium tracers. However, Tl-201 is still widely used because of its well-established utility for assessing myocardial perfusion, viability and risk stratification. Gated SPECT with Tl-201 enables us to assess both post-stress and rest left ventricular volume and function. Previous studies with gated Tl-201 SPECT measurements of ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) have shown high correlation with first-pass radionuclide angiography, gated blood pool scan, Tc-99m-MIBI gated SPECT, contrast ventriculography, echocardiography, and 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. However, problems related to these studies include few agreement data of EDV and ESV, use of a reference method that is likely to have the same systemic errors (gated Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT), and other technical factors related to the count density of gated SPECT. With optimization of gated imaging protocols and more validation studies, gated Tl-201 SPECT would be an accurate method to provide perfusion and function information in patients with coronary artery disease.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2010

Objectives: This study intends to identify the Effects of Oriental Medicine Gigong Exercise on patients with the metabolic syndrome. Method: The study was performed with one group in a pre-test/post-test design. The subjects were patients with metabolic syndrome in K city, Kyung-Nam. A total of 24 subjects were selected by convenience sampling. The data were collected by using questionnaires and measured values from March, 2009, to May, 2009. The Oriental Medicine Gigong Exercise program consists of 90-minute sessions three times a week over 12 weeks. Prior and post surveys were measured before and after experiment a treatment. The date were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 12.0 program with descriptive statistics, paired t-test, wilcoxon rank sums test. Results: The results were as follows : 1) In of physical strength, body fat %(p=0.014) was decreased significantly, 'agility'(p=0.004) & 'flexibility'(p=0.031) were increased significantly after program. 2) In blood function, systolic blood pressure (P=0.013), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.001) were decreased significantly, HDL (P=0.001) was increased significantly after program. Conclusions: The Oriental Medicine Gigong Exercise program improve their physical strength and blood function, therefore this program is strongly recommended for adult with metabolic syndrome in community.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of personalized complex aerobic training programs using wearable device on cardiovascular and respiratory functions in community based female elderly. Design: One group pre-post intervention study. Methods: Twenty-one older female participants lived in 'D' city were included. The personalized complex aerobic training program using wearable devices was applied to all participants for 4 weeks, 3 times a week, 30 minutes for per session. The participants' blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiration rate, submaximal exercise stress test, pulmonary function test and respiratory muscle strength test were evaluated before and after the complex training program. Results: After intervention, resting diastolic blood pressure, resting systolic blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure after submaximal exercise stress test were significantly decreased over time (p<0.05), and the submaximal exercise stress test duration were significantly increased over time (p<0.05). The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) was significantly increased compare to before the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that personalized complex training program using wearable device can provide personalized exercise intensity according to cardiopulmonary function that give feedback, and these interventions have a significant effect on improving the cardiovascular and respiratory system functions of the female elderly in the community dwelling.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.114-124
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• 2019

Purpose: We investigate biases in the assessments of left ventricular function (LVF), by compressed sensing (CS)-cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: Cardiovascular cine images with short axis view, were obtained for 8 volunteers without CS. LVFs were assessed with subsampled data, with compression factors (CF) of 2, 3, 4, and 8. A semi-automatic segmentation program was used, for the assessment. The assessments by 3 CS methods (ITSC, FOCUSS, and view sharing (VS)), were compared to those without CS. Bland-Altman analysis and paired t-test were used, for comparison. In addition, real-time CS-cine imaging was also performed, with CF of 2, 3, 4, and 8 for the same volunteers. Assessments of LVF were similarly made, for CS data. A fixed compensation technique is suggested, to reduce the bias. Results: The assessment of LVF by CS-cine, includes bias and random noise. Bias appeared much larger than random noise. Median of end-diastolic volume (EDV) with CS-cine (ITSC or FOCUSS) appeared -1.4% to -7.1% smaller, compared to that of standard cine, depending on CF from (2 to 8). End-systolic volume (ESV) appeared +1.6% to +14.3% larger, stroke volume (SV), -2.4% to -16.4% smaller, and ejection fraction (EF), -1.1% to -9.2% smaller, with P < 0.05. Bias was reduced from -5.6% to -1.8% for EF, by compensation applied to real-time CS-cine (CF = 8). Conclusion: Loss of temporal resolution by adopting missing data from nearby cardiac frames, causes an underestimation for EDV, and an overestimation for ESV, resulting in underestimations for SV and EF. The bias is not random. Thus it should be removed or reduced for better diagnosis. A fixed compensation is suggested, to reduce bias in the assessment of LVF.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.450-461
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• 2020

Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the agreement of cardiac computed tomography (CT) with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in the assessment of right ventricle (RV) volume and functional parameters. Materials and Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library were systematically searched for studies that compared CT with CMRI as the reference standard for measurement of the following RV parameters: end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), or ejection fraction (EF). Meta-analytic methods were utilized to determine the pooled weighted bias, limits of agreement (LOA), and correlation coefficient (r) between CT and CMRI. Heterogeneity was also assessed. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the probable factors affecting measurement of RV volume: CT contrast protocol, number of CT slices, CT reconstruction interval, CT volumetry, and segmentation methods. Results: A total of 766 patients from 20 studies were included. Pooled bias and LOA were 3.1 mL (-5.7 to 11.8 mL), 3.6 mL (-4.0 to 11.2 mL), -0.4 mL (5.7 to 5.0 mL), and -1.8% (-5.7 to 2.2%) for EDV, ESV, SV, and EF, respectively. Pooled correlation coefficients were very strong for the RV parameters (r = 0.87-0.93). Heterogeneity was observed in the studies (I² > 50%, p < 0.1). In the subgroup analysis, an RV-dedicated contrast protocol, ≥ 64 CT slices, CT volumetry with the Simpson's method, and inclusion of the papillary muscle and trabeculation had a lower pooled bias and narrower LOA. Conclusion: Cardiac CT accurately measures RV volume and function, with an acceptable range of bias and LOA and strong correlation with CMRI findings. The RV-dedicated CT contrast protocol, ≥ 64 CT slices, and use of the same CT volumetry method as CMRI can improve agreement with CMRI.