• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.1034-1043
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the pooled agreements of the coronary artery calcium (CAC) severities assessed by electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated and non-ECG-gated CT and evaluate the impact of the scan parameters. Materials and Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched. A modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Meta-analytic methods were utilized to determine the pooled weighted bias, limits of agreement (LOA), and the correlation coefficient of the CAC scores or the weighted kappa for the categorization of the CAC severities detected by the two modalities. The heterogeneity among the studies was also assessed. Subgroup analyses were performed based on factors that could affect the measurement of the CAC score and severity: slice thickness, reconstruction kernel, and radiation dose for non-ECG-gated CT. Results: A total of 4000 patients from 16 studies were included. The pooled bias was 62.60, 95% LOA were -36.19 to 161.40, and the pooled correlation coefficient was 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.89-0.97) for the CAC score. The pooled weighted kappa of the CAC severity was 0.85 (95% CI = 0.79-0.91). Heterogeneity was observed in the studies (I² > 50%, p < 0.1). In the subgroup analysis, the agreement between the CAC categorizations was better when the two CT examinations had reconstructions based on the same slice thickness and kernel. Conclusion: The pooled agreement of the CAC severities assessed by the ECG-gated and non-ECG-gated CT was excellent; however, it was significantly affected by scan parameters, such as slice thickness and the reconstruction kernel.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.325-331
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• 1996

$^{99m}Tc$-pertechnetate를 이용하여 두경부암 환자에서 이하선과 악하선의 방사선 조사 전후 및 추적 검사에서 방사선 조사로 인한 타액선의 기능 변화, 기능저하의 회복 여부, 이하선과 악하선의 방사선에 대한 감수성 차이, 그리고 구강건조증이 있던 환자와 없던 환자 사이의 기능 저하 차이를 객관적으로 평가하고자 하였다. 방사선 치료를 받는 두경부암 환자중 방사성 동위원소를 이용하여 이하선과 악하선 기능 검사를 시행한 19명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. $^{99m}Tc$-pertechnetate를 이용한 이하선과 악하선 기능 검사는 측정된 방사능치에 의한 섭취 곡선과 구연산으로 자극하였을 때의 평균 배출율에 의한 배출 곡선을 포함하였다. 이하선과 악하선의 섭취 곡선에서는 방사선 치료전보다 치료 1주후에서 증가하였고 치료 2주후와 3주후 그리고 치료 종료시에서는 치료 전과 비슷하거나 약간 증가하였으며 방사선 치료 후에서는 시간이 지날수록 점점 감소하였다. 이하선과 악하선의 배출 곡선에서는 방사선 치료 시작부터 종료시까지는 급격히 감소하였고 방사선 치료 후 1년까지의 검사에서는 배출율이 회복되지 않았다. 이하선과 악하선의 방사선에 대한 감수성 차이는 나타나지 않았고 구강건조증을 호소하는 환자와 호소하지 않는 환자 사이의 이하선과 악하선의 평균 배출율 차이는 발견되지 않았다. $^{99m}Tc$-pertechnetate를 이용한 이하선과 악하선기능 검사로 방사선 치료에 따른 이하선과 악하선의 기능 변화를 객관적으로 평가할 수 있고, 방사선 치료후 1년까지는 이하선과 악하선의 기능 회복이 없어 방사선 치료를 받은 두경부암 환자의 타액선 기능에 관한 예후추정에 도움이 되리라 사료된다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2005

Whiplash injury commonly seen in automobile accident. This type of acceleration-deceleration injury may rarely lead to unfavorable outcomes as in the case of retropharyngeal hematoma. Because this lesion has the possibility of compressing the potential airway acutely or gradually, not only the rapid assessment and treatment but also closed observation are needed. We report a case of a 20-year-old man, who sustained a whiplash injury from contact with the headrest of his seat after his car was involved in a rollover. He had no symptom except posterior neck pain initially, but complained odynophagia and acute dyspnea after 10 hours of admission. The diagnostic work-up comprising lateral radiograph, CT imaging disclosed the rare constellation of a retropharyngeal hematoma with cervical spine fractures. Medical treatment and close observation were sufficient for the patient because he had no progressive dyspnea or major dysphagia.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2006

Purpose: We planned to determine the diagnostic capability of focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) in cases of blunt abdominal injury (BAI). Methods: A retrospective analysis of FAST sheets was performed from April 2002 to December 2004. During the study period, 135 BAI patients were evaluated with FAST at the Emergency Department of Bundang CHA Hospital. Of this group, twenty-eight patients were excluded, leaving 107 patients for analysis. Abdomen CT (computerized tomography) or exploratory laparotomy confirmed the presence of hemoperitoneum. At the secondary survey, patients underwent a three-view FAST examination (LogicQ; General Electric, Waukesha, USA) by an emergency physician, followed within 2 hours by an abdomen CT or exploratory laparotomy. The FAST examination was considered positive if it demonstrated evidence of free intra-abdominal fluid. Results: There were 45 true-positive FAST examination, 57 true-negatives, 1 false-positive, and 4 false negatives (sensitivity 91.8%, specificity 98.3%, positive predictive value 97.8%, negative predictive value 93.4%). The area under the ROC curve was 0.951 for the FAST examination. Conclusion: FAST is a highly reliable method for screening patients suspected of having BAI for the presence or absence of hemoperitoneum.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2013

Purpose: Preoperative radiographic assessment of the mandibular third molars is essential to prevent inferior alveolar nerve damage during extraction. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of panoramic signs of association between the roots of teeth and the canal, and to compare the panoramic signs with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) findings. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 132 impacted mandibular third molars were evaluated to determine the association of the root to the canal. The CBCT findings were compared with the corresponding panoramic images. Logistic regression analysis was used to define the diagnostic criteria of the panoramic images. Results: Among the panoramic signs, loss of the cortical line was the most frequent radiographic sign predicting association (sensitivity: 79.31). Contact of the tooth with the canal was observed in all cases in which the loss of cortical line of the canal or darkening of the roots was found on the panoramic radiographs. Conclusion: Darkening of the roots and loss of the cortical line on panoramic radiographs might be highly suggestive of the risk of nerve injury.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2013

Process Capability Index (PCI) is useful Statistical Process Control (SPC) tool that is measure of process diagnostic and assessment tools widely use in industrial field. It has advantage of easy to calculate and easy to use in the field. $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ are traditional PCIs. These are only considers of process variation. These are not given information about the characteristic value does not match the target value of the process. Studies of this process capability index by many scholars actively for supplement of its disadvantage. These studies to evaluate the capability of situation of various field has presented a new process capability index. $C_{pm}$ is considers both the process variation and the process deviation from target value. And $C_{pm}{^+}$ is considers economic loss for the process deviation from target value. In this paper development of new process capability index that is Taguchi's quadratic loss function by applying the expected loss. And check the correlation between existing traditional process capability index ($C_{pk}$) and new one. Finally, we propose the criteria for classification about developed process capability index.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.617-626
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• 1992

This study was conducted for the assessment of the usefulness of masseteric silent period on electromyogram as a diagnostic method for temporomandibular disorder. Of students and dentists in Dental College of Yonsei University and patients, 36 experimental subjects with symptoms such as clicking bound, pain in the temporomandibular joint area and limitation of jaw movement, and 33 control subjects without such symptoms were selected for this study. On each subject electromyographic masseter muscle silent period followed by mention tap was recorded with surface electrodes and analysed with computerized system. The following results were obtained: 1. The mean silent period was $36.97{\pm}9.23$ msec in experimental group, and $25.62{\pm}5.24$ msec in control group respectively. 2. There were no statistically significant differences in silent period between male and female in either experimental and control group. 3. Silent periods in experimental group were more prolonged than those of control group. (P < 0.01) Taken all together, electromyographic masseter muscle silent period may be useful for diagnosis and evaluation of temporomandibular disorder.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.111-114
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• 2016

The detection of foreign bodies in the upper-aerodigestive tract is a fairly frequent event and can occur in various areas and for various reasons. In rare cases, foreign bodies can simulate a neoplasia. We evaluated similar cases during emergency regimen with an oral cavity mucosal lesion, causing lockjaw, sore throat, dysphagia, and swelling of the submandibular and laterocervical region. Physical examination revealed an extensive mucosal ulceration in the floor of the mouth and the lateral surface of the tongue, comparable to oral cancer. During a second, more accurate assessment, a partially deteriorated iron supplement tablet was found embedded in a mucosal pocket. After removing the tablet, gradual normalization of the tissue was observed without any sequelae. This is one of the many reasons why it is advisable and useful in cases of oral lesions to collect a detailed medical history and to perform an accurate clinical evaluation, including inspection and palpation of the lesion, before proceeding to further diagnostic assessments, especially in elderly patients taking many medications. However unlikely, it is possible that difficulty in swallowing pills or tablets could generate tumorlike lesions.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2017

PURPOSE: To summarize the evaluation tools of balance [Berg Balance Scale (BBS), timed up and Go (TUG), forward reaching test (FRT)], gait [6 m walking Test (6MWT)], and strength [Chair Stand Test (CST)] for patients with dementia. METHODS: The following databases were searched: Pub MED, Cochrane, Sciences Direct, and Web of Sciences. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) repeated measurement design, 2) subjects with dementia, 3) use of testing tools such as the BBS, TUG, FRT, 6MWT, and CST, 4) report the reliability. One reviewer performed the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy study and two evaluators performed data extraction independently. RESULTS: Six articles and one letter were included. The interrater reliability of 6MWT, TUG, and CST, were acceptable (ICC>.90). However, FRT had unacceptable reliability. In test-retest reliability, only BBS has acceptable reliability (ICC>.90). Others had various reliabilities. The risk of interrater reliability bias was low in all studies. However, the risk of bias of intrarater reliability was low in five studies and moderate in two studies. CONCLUSION: The interrater reliability of the 6MWT, TUG, and CST were acceptable. However, in test-retest reliability, only BBS has acceptable reliability. Therefore, we suggest the use of BBS to test the balance of dementia patients. In addition, the study of tool reliability according to the subtype of dementia is needed in the future.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2015

Although rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, diagnosis of RA is currently based on clinical manifestations, and there is no simple, practical assessment tool in the clinical field to assess disease activity and severity. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the discovery of new diagnostic RA biomarkers that can assist in evaluating disease activity, severity, and treatment response. Proteomics, the large-scale study of the proteome, has emerged as a powerful technique for protein identification and characterization. For the past 10 years, proteomic techniques have been applied to different biological samples (synovial tissue/fluid, blood, and urine) from RA patients and experimental animal models. In this review, we summarize the current state of the application of proteomics in RA and its importance in identifying biomarkers and treatment targets.