• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.393-398
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• 2010

Early pregnancy diagnosis of bovine is an essential component for efficient reproductive plan in farms because long term of non-pregnancy results in economic losses by failure of offspring production and low milk yield in dairy cattle. The major steroid hormones related with reproduction are known to be progesterone and estrogen in bovine pregnancy. To evaluate detection level of hormones in milk, plasma and milk progestrone and estrogen of Holstein cows was analyzed during artificial insemination (AI) and embryo transfer (ET). Progesterone concentration at 21 days postestrus was significantly different in plasma and milk between pregnant and non-pregnant cows. Estrogen concentration at estrus was higher in pregnant recipients than that in non-pregnant recipients. To analyze correlation between hormone levels and conception rates in Holstein, the conception and return rates were checked following AI, and the returned cows were on the track of pregnancy after consecutive AI. Pregnant cows following first AI were considered as high conception group while pregnant cows following third AI were rated as low conception group. Proportion of high and low conception groups in this study was 78.2% and 9.1%, respectively. Hormone analysis indicated that high conception group had higher estrogen level during estrus than low conception group ($26.45{\pm}3.32$ vs $19.017{\pm}2.97$). Progesterone level was not different between high and low conception groups during estrus but increased significantly after 21 days postestrus (21 day: $4.95{\pm}1.12$ vs $0.95{\pm}0.23$, 35 day: $12.47{\pm}3.82$ vs $2.41{\pm}1.21$). In conclusion, the pattern of progesterone and estrogen secretion in Holstein milk samples could be a good candidate for early pregnancy detection and selection of recipients during ET.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2000

1991년 3월부터 1995년 3월까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 내과에서 입원해서 혈청학적, 방사선학적 및 조직학적으로 간세포함으로 진단받은 156명의 환자 중 진단당시부터 폐전이를 동반한 12명(7.7%)을 제외한 144명의 환자를 대상으로 최소한 5개월 이상을 추적관찰하여 폐전이를 동반한 경우와 동반하지 않은 경우로 나누어 나이, 성별, Child-Pugh 점수, 간경변증 동반유무, AFP치 및 간동맥 색전술여부 등을 조사하여 그 차이점을 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 추적관찰 중 폐전이를 동반한 경우가 26례(18.0%)였는데 간동맥 색전술을 시행한 경우가 26례 중 24례(92.3%), 시행하지않은 경우가 26례 중 2례(7.7%)였다. 폐전이를 동반하지 않은 118례 가운데 간동맥 색전술을 시행한 경우가 78례, 시행하지 않은 경우가 40례였다. 따라서 간동맥 색전술 시행후 폐전이를 동반한 경우가 102례 중 24례(23.5%), 간동맥 색전술을 시행하지 않고 폐전이를 동반한 경우가 42례 중 2례(4.7%)로 나타나서 간동맥 색전술 이후 폐전이가 더 빈번함을 알 수 있었다(p<0.01). 그러나, 나이, 성별, Child-Pugh 접수, 간경변증 동반유무 및 AFP치는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로 간세포암에서 간동맥 색전술 이후 폐전이가 보다 많이 동반됨을 알 수 있었고 이에 관련되는 근본적인 설명과 그외 관련인자들에 대한 보다 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.135-153
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of inpatients who were admitted to Korean medicine hospital due to low back pain. Methods The current study was designed as a retrospective chart review to investigate descriptive characteristics of LBP patients. The clinical records of 601 patients who were hospitalized for treatment of LBP in Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University from 1st, January, 2013 to 31th, December, 2013 were analyzed. Results 1. Most frequently given diagnosis was sprain and strain of lumbar (45.93%). 2. Female outnumbered male patients in all disease groups except fracture of lumbar spine. 3. In distribution according to age, sprain and strain of lumbar, HNP of L-spine and lumbago with sciatica were most frequent at 30s, fracture of lumbar spine was most frequent at 50s and spinal stenosis was most frequent at 70s. 4. The most frequently motive for low back pain was traffic accident (35.4%) 5. Patients with no related medical history were 76.95% 6. 0~1week interval between onset and visit to Korean Medicine Hospital was most frequent in all disease groups. 7. 50.85% of patients went through treatment at medical institutions before the admitting to Korean Medicine Hospital. 8. The average admission days of female was higher than male's. And age goes up, average duration of admission was longer. 9. In most (74.59%) of the patients, symptoms were more than improved. 10. Most frequently prescribed examination was X-ray (65.13%). 11. Most frequently prescribed herb medicine was whal-lak-tang (Huoluo-tang). Conclusions In most (74.59%) of the patients, symptoms were more than improved, especially in sprain and strain of lumbar and lumbago with sciatica. But Patients with a local hospital statistic is not be representative of the incidence of the population. In order to obtain more accurate statistics, it is necessary to compare analysis collect statistics from other medical hospitals.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.542-548
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 우선 운동 강도(저강도, 중강도, 고강도)를 달리하여 훈련한 서로 다른 그룹에서 운동 유발성 알러지 아나필락시스의 차이를 규명하고 운동강도에 따른 운동 유발성 알러지 질환의 기전을 규명하고자 본 연구를 실시 하였다. 본 실험을 위하여 군당 25마리씩 통제군(S; control sensitized, n=25), 저강도 훈련군(S30, n=25), 중강도 훈련군(S50, n=25) 및 고강도 훈련군(S80, n=25)으로 구분하여 수영훈련 강도별 알러지를 유도하였을 때, 알러지 아나필락시스를 조사하고 아울러 비장지수, 림프구의 수, 림프구 증식반응, 싸이토카인(IL-4, INF-${\gamma}$), 항체 및 복강과 비장의 ROS를 함께 측정하였다. 본 연구 결과, 일반 감작군에 비하여 운동 감작군에서 알러지가 더 잘 일어남을 확인하였고, 운동강도의 증가와도 밀접한 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 운동강도가 증가할수록 OVA반응에 대한 림프구 증가가 현저하게 일어나는 원인과 복강활성산소의 증가 및 알러지 면역반응에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 싸이토카인인 IL-4의 증가 때문인 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 특히, 운동강도의 증가에 따라 INF-${\gamma}$의 감소도 의미 있는 결과로 해석된다. 따라서 추후 운동 강도뿐만이 아니라 운동빈도에 따라서도 FDEIA의 변화에 대한 심도 있는 연구가 필요하다고 여겨진다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to observe the effect of balanced acupuncture on herniated intervertebral disc of lumbar spine patients. Methods : We investigated 23 cases of in-patients with acute & subacute herniated intervertebral disc of lumbar spine in oriental hospital, and divided patients into two groups. We treated one group(12 people) by complex oriental medical treatment with Balanced acupuncture, and the other group(11 people) by complex oriental medical treatment without Balanced acupuncture. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment applied for two groups, we used visual analog scale(VAS) and rating scale for low back pain at admission and discharge. Results : 1. In balanced acupuncture group and control group, compared with baseline and final. VAS was significantly improved. 2. In Balanced acupuncture group and control group, compared with baseline and final. Rating scale for low back pain was significantly improved. 3. VAS and rating scale for low back pain improvement rate in balanced acupuncture group were no statistical significance compared with control group. Conclusions : Balanced acupuncture might be used for relieving symptoms related with herniated intervertebral disc of lumbar spine, but it's no statistical significance.

• 대한한방체열의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was designed to analyze basic data for cold hypersensitivity patients with a questionnaire and investigate correlation between cold hypersensitivity and Heart Rate Variability(HRV). Methods : 49 patients who complain of cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet in ambulatory care were investigated in Oriental Gynecology, Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center and Women medical center, Kangnam Koreana hospital from May 1, 2006 to October 20, 2006. All patients were asked to answer a questionnaire. After careful I examination to rule out other disease which may affect Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging(DITI) and HRV data, patients were taken thermography for the diagnosis of cold hypersensitivity Based on the result of thermography, the patients were divided into two groups(Objective cold hypersensitivity and Subjective cold hypersensitivity). Then, these two groups were compared using HRV data which was measured in the supine position for 5 minutes. Results: 1. For most patients, cold hypersensitivity first developed during puberty. 2. The parts of the body that felt cold first time were hands and feet. 3. The cold sensation was increased in winter or at bedtime Showing that the sensation can be changed according to the level of coldness. 4. Among women who sufferfrom cold hypersensitivity, very few of them were treated. 5. More than half of cold hypersensitivity patients's family member also had a cold hypersensitivity. 6. The decrease in mean values of LF/HF ratio was observed in objective cold hypersensitivity group than subjective cold hypersensitivity group and the decrease was significant(P=0.014) when examined by Student t-test. Conclusions : It is necessary that the cold hypersensitivity patients should be treated carefully considering the facts mentioned above. And it can be suggested that dysautinomia be related with cold hypersensitivity and be evaluated by HRV.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was performed to review studies on Essential Tremor (ET) in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Methods: We reviewed papers in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from 2007~2016. Search keywords were 原发性震颤, 特发性震颤, essential tremor and idiopathic tremor, and excluded non-clinical studies, non-related to ET or TCM studies, theses for degrees and non-Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). The quality of the articles was assessed by Jadad scale and the Risk of Bias (RoB). Results: Thirteen studies were selected. 'Criteria for the diagnosis of ET' was most frequently used as diagnostic criteria. 'Tremor rating scale' was primarily used for outcome measurement. Meta-analysis of nine trials revealed the effective rate of acupuncture and Western medicine (WM+Acu) groups was significantly higher compared to the WM group (RR: 1.48, 95 percent CI: 1.20 to 1.82, p=0.0002, $I^2=0$ percent) and tremor rating scale was also significantly decreased in the treatment group (MD: -1.35, 95 percent CI: -2.17 to -0.54, p=0.001, $I^2=0$ percent). Also, effective rates of Electro-acupuncture (EA) and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) groups were significantly higher than that of the WM group {(RR: 1.53, 95 percent CI: 1.22 to 1.92, p=0.0003, $I^2=0$ percent) in EA vs. WM and (RR: 1.35, 95 percent CI: 1.16 to 1.57, p<0.0001, $I^2=0$ percent) in CHM vs. WM}. However, the quality of selected clinical studies was poor. Conclusions: Treatment of ET in TCM may be more effective and safe than in Western medicine. Therefore, we hope this study will lead to further clinical research on treatment of ET in Korean medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2001

연구목적：본 연구는 일과성 틱 장애(Transient tic disorder：TTD), 만성 틱 장애(chronic tic disoder：CTD), 뚜렛 장애(Tourette's disorder：TD) 아동의 임상 양상을 비교하고, 틱 장애의 질환 심각도와 연관된 변인을 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 방 법：DSM-Ⅳ 진단분류에 따라 틱 장애로 진단된 69명의 아동과 대조군 43명을 대상으로 인구학적 변인 및 틱과 관련된 임상적 변인을 조사하였다. 틱 증상의 심각도를 알아보기 위해 예일 틱 증상 평가 척도(Yale Global Tic Severity Scale)을 시행하였으며 연구 대상 모두에게 동반된 정서/행동 문제를 평가하기 위해 아동 행동조사표(Child Behavior Checklist)를 시행하였다. 결 과：TTD군은 CTD 및 TD군과 비교할 때 틱 증상의 지속 기간이 짧을 뿐 아니라 틱 증상의 심각도와 장해 정도도 미약하였다. TTD군의 동반된 정서/행동 문제 역시 CTD, TD군에 비해 유의하게 적었으며 공격성 소척도 점수를 제외하고는 정상대조군과 차이가 없었다. CTD군과 TD군간에는 틱 증상의 종류, 개수와 CBCL의 사회성 문제 소척도 점수외에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내는 변인이 없었다. 틱 증상으로 인한 장해 정도를 가장 잘 예측해 주는 변인은 운동틱의 강도와 방해도, 틱 증상의 지속기간이었으며, CBCL 총 문제행동 점수와 가장 높은 연관성이 있는 변인은 주의력결핍/과잉운동장애(Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder：ADHD)의 존재여부였다. 결 론：본 연구의 결과는 틱 증상의 심각도 외에 증상의 지속 기간이 틱 장애 아동들의 틱으로 인한 장해도에 큰 영향을 미치며, 동반된 ADHD의 존재가 이들의 임상상을 결정하는 데 있어 중요한 역할을 한다는 점을 시사한다. 또한 위와 같은 임상 변인들이 틱 장애의 진단적 분류보다도 틱 장애 아동의 질환 심각도를 판단하고 치료방침을 결정하는데 있어 더욱 중요함을 시사한다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.212-219
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• 2018

Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze 11 cases of subcutaneous emphysema associated with dental procedures from a single hospital and discuss approaches for accurate diagnosis and treatment of the condition. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 11 patients who were treated for subcutaneous emphysema related to dental procedures between January 2009 and April 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with subcutaneous emphysema within the facial area or that spread to the neck and beyond, including the facial region, were assigned to two groups and compared in terms of age, sex, and durations of antibiotic use, hospitalization, and follow-up until improvement. The correlation between location of the origin tooth and range of emphysema spread was analyzed. Results: The average durations of antibiotic use during conservative treatment and follow-up until improvement were 8.55 days (standard deviation [SD], 4.46 days) and 1.82 weeks (SD, 1.19 weeks), respectively. There was no intergroup difference in duration of antibiotic use (P=0.329) or followup (P=0.931). Subcutaneous emphysema was more common after dental procedures involving the maxilla or posterior region than after those involving the mandible or anterior region. There was no significant difference in air distribution according to location of the air orifice (maxilla, mandible, or both; P=0.106). Conclusion: Upon adequate conservative treatment accompanied by prophylactic antibiotic treatment considering the risk of infection, patients showed signs of improvement within a few days or weeks. There was no significant difference in treatment period between patients with subcutaneous emphysema localized to the facial region and those with subcutaneous emphysema spreading to the neck or beyond. These findings need to be confirmed by analysis of additional cases.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.158-167
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the surgical, perfusion, and molecular characteristics of glioblastomas which influence long-term survival after treatment, and to explore the association between MR perfusion parameters and the presence of MGMT methylation and 1p/19q deletions. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board. A total 43 patients were included, all with pathologic diagnosis of glioblastoma with known MGMT methylation and 1p/19q deletion statuses. We divided these patients into long-term (${\geq}60\;months$, n = 7) and short-term (< 60 months, n = 36) survivors, then compared surgical extent, molecular status, and rCBV parameters between the two groups using Fisher's exact test or Mann-Whitney test. The rCBV parameters were analyzed according to the presence of MGMT methylation and 1p/19q deletions. We investigated the relationship between the mean rCBV and overall survival using linear correlation. Multivariable linear regression was performed in order to find the variables related to overall survival. Results: Long-term survivors (100% [7 of 7]) demonstrated a greater percentage of gross total or near total resection than short-term survivors (54.5% [18 of 33]). A higher prevalence of 1p/19q deletions was also noted among the long-term survivors (42.9% [3 of 7]) than the short-term survivors (0.0% [0 of 36]). The rCBV parameters did not differ between the long-term and short-term survivors. The rCBV values were marginally lower in patients with MGMT methylation and 1p/19q deletions. Despite no correlation found between overall survival and rCBV in the whole group, the short-term survivor group showed negative correlation ($R^2=0.181$, P = 0.025). Multivariable linear regression revealed that surgical extent and 1p/19q deletions, but not rCBV values, were associated with prolonged overall survival. Conclusion: While preoperative rCBV and 1p/19q deletion status are related to each other, only surgical extent and the presence of 1p/19q deletion in GBM patients may predict long-term survival.