• 기본간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge of diabetes and insulin use in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: Participants (139) were recruited from the endocrinology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in an urban city. Knowledge of diabetes knowledge was measured by a brief diabetes knowledge test which had two components: a 14-item general test and a 9-item insulin-use subscale. Result: The average scores for knowledge of diabetes and insulin were 62.4 and 41.8 respectively. Scores were lower for items on the definition of glycosylated hemoglobin, diabetic diet, signs of ketoacidosis, and insulin reaction compared to other items. Knowledge scores were significantly lower for older participants, those who had lower levels of education, those who did not have a spouse, those who did not have a job, those who were not being treated with insulin, and those who tested their blood glucose less than 3 times a day. Conclusion: Definition of glycosylated hemoglobin, diabetic diet, signs of ketoacidosis, and insulin reaction should be included in education for patients with type 2 diabetes. Special education programs should be developed for elderly people, those with low levels of education those without a spouse, or without a job, or who are not being treated with insulin.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors and the relative risk associated with admission of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The sample included one hundred twenty-eight patients with type II DM. Seventy-seven patients who were admitted within six months of a hospitalization to one hospital from the first of February to the 31st of August 2014, were compared with fifty-one patients who regularly attended an outpatient clinic and had no hospitalizations. Results: Hospitalization probabilities among patients who had only diet and exercise or took oral diabetic medication were 0.03 (p=.004) and 0.21 (p=.007) times independently lower than the ones with insulin injection. The risks for hospitalization increases 6.33 times if there is absence of a spouse (p=.027) whereas the presence of a spouse seems to make hospitalization less likely. The risk among the ones having diabetic complications was 5.15 times higher than ones having no recognition of the complications (p=.040). For every one point increase in self-efficacy and every 1 mg/dL increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, there was a 0.84 (p=.005) and a 0.96 (p=.036) decrease in hospitalization risk, respectively. Conclusion: Nurses should be sensitive to the risk groups of hospital admission among patients with DM including no spouse, insulin injection, diabetic complications, low self-efficacy, and low HDL cholesterol.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.1658-1664
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 고지방식이와 streptozotocin으로 유도된 제2형 당뇨 마우스에서 새싹추출물의 항당뇨 효과를 살펴보았다. 제2형 당뇨 유도 후 4주 동안의 체중 변화를 관찰한 결과 새싹추출물군과 메트포민군에서 유의한 체중 감소 변화가 나타났으며, 식이섭취량에 따른 변화는 모든 실험군 간의 차이가 없었다. 공복혈당은 고지방식이군의 경우 실험종료일까지 지속적으로 상승하였고, 이와 대조적으로 새싹추출물과 메트포민군의 경우 실험 2주째부터 감소하여 실험 종료 4주째에서는 고지방식이군보다 유의적으로 감소하였다. 경구 내당능 검사는 포도당 섭취 후 60분, 90분, 120분에서 새싹추출물과 메트포민군이 고지방식이군보다 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 인슐린 내성 검사는 120분에서 새싹추출물과 메트포민군이 고지방식이군보다 유의성 있게 감소하였다. 혈중 지질 농도 변화에서 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방 그리고 LDL 콜레스테롤 농도는 고지방식이군에 비해 새싹추출물과 메트포민군에서 유의적으로 감소하였고, HDL 콜레스테롤 농도는 고지방식이군에 비해 새싹추출물과 메트포민군에서 증가하였다. 간독성의 지표인 glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase와 glutamate pyruvate transaminase 효소 활성도는 메트포민투여군과 고지방식이군을 제외한 실험군들 간에 유의성이 나타나지 않았다. 혈중 인슐린과 렙틴 농도는 고지방식이군에 비해 새싹추출물과 메트포민군에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 새싹추출물은 제2형 당뇨 마우스에서 체중을 감소시키고 혈중지질 대사 이상을 조절하면서 인슐린 저항성을 감소시켜 혈당을 개선하므로 항당뇨 효과가 있는 우수한 식품 소재로서의 개발 가능성을 시사하고 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.283-291
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the levels of depression experienced by clients (N=152) with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(DM), and to compare the levels of self care activity, metabolic control and cardiovascular risk factors between depressed and non-depressed clients. Method: Participants aged 50 and above were conveniently recruited in B city. The levels of depression, self-care activity, metabolic control of glucose and lipids, and cardiovascular risk factors of the participants were measured by using questionnaires and blood tests from November, 2003 to June, 2004. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, Spearman rho and t-test using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Result: The prevalence of depression(CES-D=16) among the participants was $44.1\%$. The levels of self-care activities(p=.012), glucose(p=.019), total cholesterol(p=.022), LDL(.007) and cardiovascular risk factors(p=.012) were significantly higher in the depressed group than those in the non-depressed group. Conclusion: Based on the findings, we concluded that many DM patients experience depression and the depression of type 2 DM clients is significantly related with self care activities, diabetic control, and cardiovascular complications. However, this study did not address causality among these variables. Therefore, further research, such as a longitudinal cohort study, is needed to identify causality among these variables.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.196-201
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• 2013

Abnormal regulation of glucose and impaired lipid metabolism that result from a defective or deficient insulin are the key etiological factor in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The our study evaluated the beneficial effect of diet supplementation with Lentinus edodes on hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism in normal and type 2 diabetic rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups: group I(control) rats were fed standard diet (12% of calories as fat); group II (T2DM) rats were fed HFD (40% of calories as fat) for 2 weeks and then injected with STZ (50 mg/kg); group III and group IV rats were continually fed a diet containing 1% and 10% Lentinus edodes for 4 weeks after T2DM induction, respectively. After 4 weeks we determined biochemical parameters such as glucose, insulin concentration, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration were also measured. There was a significant reduction in serum TC and TG in the Lentinus edodes supplement groups. The Lentinus edodes diet supplementation were found to have a potent lipid metabolism improvement as well as LDL concentration decreased and HDL concentration was increased. Concentrations of blood glucose and HbA1c in the experimental groups II were significantly decreased after 4 weeks compared with the control group. The Lentinus edodes diet supplementation is useful in regulating the glucose level, improves the insulin, HbA1c, serum lipid metabolism in experimental diabetic rats. We suggest that Lentinus edodes supplementation may have the control effects of diabetes mellitus by improving blood glucose control and lipid metabolism.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.1751-1753
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• 2011

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among blood glucose, HbA1c, and self management comparing these with general and illness characteristics of subjects with Type II Diabetes living in the community. Methods: Using a comprehensive survey developed for the study, data were collected from 82 type II diabetes patients who were registered at five community health departments. The variables of self management, blood glucose and HbA1c were assessed by nurses. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics including t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient to compare self management and level of HbA1c by subject's general and illness characteristics and to examine the relationships among variables. Results: About 73.2% of the subjects' HbA1c were 7.0% or higher and 54.9% of subjects' blood glucose were 200 mg/dL or higher. The level of self management was moderate. Most frequently perceived reasons for failure of blood glucose control were dietary failure (32.9%). There was significant relationship between self management and HbA1c(r=-.223, p=.040). The mean score of self management were higher among female (t=-2.37, p=.021), who are not on diabetes medication (t=6.70, p=.011). Conclusion: Comprehensive intervention is needed to improve dietary self management, especially for male and those who is on diabetes medication.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1774-1780
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• 2013

본 연구는 당뇨 환자를 대상으로 신경병증 통증과 혈당조절정도 및 자가관리간의 관계를 파악하는 서술적 상관관계 연구이다. 자료는 일 대학교 병원의 내분비 내과에서 2011년 5월 10일부터 5월 31일까지 당뇨로 방문한 환자 중 연구기준에 적합한 108명을 대상으로 자가보고식 설문지와 의무기록을 이용하여 수집되었다. 자료분석은 SPSS WIN 18.0을 이용하여 서술통계와 Pearson's correlation coefficient를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 당뇨환자의 통증은 $9.3{\pm}0.4$점이었으며 당화혈색소 수치는 7.5% 이상인 군이 33.3%를 차지하였고 자가관리는 $5.40{\pm}0.76$점이었다. 당뇨환자의 신경병증 통증은 혈당조절 정도가 양호할수록(r=.18, p=.035), 자가관리 수행정도가 높을수록(r=-.19, p=.023) 적었다. 결론적으로 당뇨환자의 신경병증 통증을 조절하기 위하여 보다 엄격한 혈당관리와 자가관리를 향상시키는 노력이 필요하다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.311-320
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to analyze 7-year cumulative survival rate (CSR, %) of dental implants in the controlled diabetic patients and to evaluate the influence of the position, diameter and length of fixture, bone quality, age, gender and the method of maxillary sinus elevation on the survival rate. Methods: The data of 342 placed implants in the 104 diabetic patients collected between 1995 and 2007 at the Department of Periodontology in Yonsei University Hospital were analyzed. Results: Seven-year CSR of the 342 dental implants in the 104 controlled diabetic patients was 96.5%. The survival rates of the placed implants according the position have no statistically significant difference. The survival rates according to the length or diameter of the fixtures have no statistically significant difference. The survival rates according to the bone quality were 100% (Type I), 97.1% (Type II), 97.7% (Type III) and 85.7%(Type IV). The difference between the survival rate of Type I, II and III and that of Type IV was statistically significant. The survival rates according to patient gender were 96.8% (male), 95.5% (female). The survival rates according to patient age were 100% (${\leq}59$), 93.8% (${\geq}60$). The survival rates according to the method of sinus elevation in the maxillary posterior area were 96.8% (without sinus elevation), 92.9% (lateral approach) and 89.8% (crestal approach). Conclusions: Dental implants can be used successfully in the controlled diabetic patients. In case of upper posterior region which has poor bone density and older patients, the implant treatment should be more properly planed, executed, and followed-up.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.327-340
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• 2008

This study was designed to investigate the correlation between nutrition status and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patients with metabolic syndrome. The subjects were 66 patients and divided into Non MS (a group without metabolic syndrome, n = 37) and MS (a group with metabolic syndrome, n = 29). The percentage of patients accompanying metabolic syndrome was 43.9% and family history such as DM, skipping meal and eating speed were higher in MS (P < 0.05) The average values of BMI, body fat (%), waist circumference were significantly higher in patients of MS than that of Non MS. For hamatological values, MS showed higher FRS, HOMA-IR, LDL-Cholesterol, CRP. Percentage of FRS was 21.63% in MS that is relatively higher in comparison with 16.81% in Non MS. Moreover, the incidence of cardiovascular disease appeared 13.8% in MS that is higher than 2.7% in Non MS. The intake of sodium and vitamin E were higher, but the intake of fat, vitamin A and zinc were lower in MS than in Non MS. Close correlations were elucidated among FRS, occurrence of cardiovascular disease, weight, waist circumference, Total-Cholesterol, LDLCholesterol, sodium in both groups. In conclusion, cardiovascular disease risk factors would be higher in type 2 diabetes patients with metabolic syndrome and there were distinctive patterns that were associated with hamatological values, nutrition intake risk factors. This result should be considered when designing nutrition study and intervetion programs.