• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.487-492
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin B2 deficiency on fuel metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty rats were fed a vitamin B2 deticient diet(-B2) or a control diet (＋B2) for 2 weeks and then subdivided into 3 groups respectively : base group, one day diabetic group and three day diabetic group. Diabetes of the rats were induced by streptozotocin injection into the tail vein. Glucose, glycogen, protein, alanine, triglyceride and free fatty acid were compared in plasma, liver, skeletal muscle of rats. Also, the total urinary nitrogen and glucose excertion were compared. Compared with ＋B2 rats, the increase of plasm glucose in -B2 rats due to the diabetes tended to be smaller. After diabetes were induced, the levels of plasma protein and alanine was significantly decreased and the urinary nitrogen excretion was significantly increased in -B2 rats. The level of plasma free fatty acid was increased continuously in B2 rats while increased at the first day and decreased at the third day diabetes was induced in ＋B2 rats. These results suggest that vitamin B2 deficiency increase protein catabolism due to the decrease of fatty acid oxidation. Thus, vitamin B2 deficiency in diabetes impair the adaptation of animals to the fuel metabolism and aggravate the body protein wasting which is one of the chronic complications of diabetes.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.308-318
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• 2012

Purpose: Diabetes Self Management Behavior (DSMB) is crucial for the elderly with diabetes to prevent diabetes complications and to improve their quality of life. The Purposes of this study were to investigate the current status of DSMB and to identify motivational factors related to DSMB in community dwelling older adults with diabetes. Methods: The subjects were 150 diabetic elderly who visited 2 community senior centers in S city. DSMB scale consisted of 5 sub-domains; Being active, healthy eating, regular medication, glucose monitoring, and foot care rated by a scale with a range of 0 to 7. Personal motivation(i.e., intention to behavior) and social motivation including family support and health professional support were measured. Results: The mean score of DSMB was 4.27. The mean score of intention to behavior was 2.52. DSMB was related to Intention to behavior (r=.461, p<.001), family support (r=.342, p<.001), and health professional support (r=.284, p<.001). In regression analysis, a total of 33.4% of variance in DSMB was accounted for by intention to behavior, family support, and health professional support. Conclusion: To improve DSMB of the elderly, diabetes educator should consider on the strategies across both personal and social motivation related to DSMB.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.228-235
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin B6 deficiency on the concentration of energy metabolite in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty rats were fed a vitamin B6 deficient diet(-B6) or a control diet(+B6) for 5 weeks and then subdivided into 3 groups respectively ; base group, one day diabetic group and three day diabetic group. Diabetes of rats were induced by streptozotocin injection into the tail vein. Glucose, glycogen, protein, alanine, triglyceride and free fatty acids were compared in plasma, liver skeletal muscle of rats. Also, the total urinary nitrogen and glucose excretion were compared. Compared with +B6 rats, the increase of plasma glucose in -B6 rats due to the diabetes was smaller. After diabetes was induced, the level of plasma alamine was not changed in -B6 rats while increased significantly(p<0.05) in +B6 rats. The increase of urinary nitrogen excretion was smaller and the increase of muscle protein was larger in -B6 rats at the first day diabetes was induced. The levels of plasma free fatty acid and liver triglyceride were significantly (p<0.05) higher in -B6 rats after diabetes was induced. These results suggest that vitamin B6 deficiency may impair the adaptation of animals to the energy metabolism related due to a decrease of the body protein catabolism of fatty acid oxidation in diabetes and aggravate fatty liver which is one of the chronic complications of diabetes.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2024

In the quest for advancing diabetes diagnosis, this study introduces a novel two-step machine learning approach that synergizes the probabilistic predictions of Logistic Regression with the classification prowess of Random Forest. Diabetes, a pervasive chronic disease impacting millions globally, necessitates precise and early detection to mitigate long-term complications. Traditional diagnostic methods, while effective, often entail invasive testing and may not fully leverage the patterns hidden in patient data. Addressing this gap, our research harnesses the predictive capability of Logistic Regression to estimate the likelihood of diabetes presence, followed by employing Random Forest to classify individuals into diabetic, pre-diabetic or nondiabetic categories based on the computed probabilities. This methodology not only capitalizes on the strengths of both algorithms-Logistic Regression's proficiency in estimating nuanced probabilities and Random Forest's robustness in classification-but also introduces a refined mechanism to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Through the application of this model to a comprehensive diabetes dataset, we demonstrate a marked improvement in diagnostic precision, as evidenced by superior performance metrics when compared to other machine learning approaches. Our findings underscore the potential of integrating diverse machine learning models to improve clinical decision-making processes, offering a promising avenue for the early and accurate diagnosis of diabetes and potentially other complex diseases.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.253-257
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• 2014

Background Although the utility of flaps for the treatment of sternal wound infections following median sternotomy has been reported for 30 years, there have been few reports on the risk factors for complications after reconstruction. The objective of this investigation was to identify factors related to complications after the reconstruction of sternal wound infections. Methods A retrospective analysis of 74 patients with reconstructive surgery after sternal wound infection over a 5-year period was performed. Clinical data including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, bacterial culture, previous cardiac surgery, wound depth, mortality rate, type of reconstructive procedure, and complication rate were collected. Results The patients' BMI ranged from 15.2 to $33.6kg/m^2$ (mean, $23.1{\pm}3.74kg/m^2$). Wound closure complications after reconstructive surgery were observed in 36.5% of the cases. The mortality rate was 2.7%. Diabetes mellitus significantly affected the rate of wound closure complications (P=0.041). A significant difference in the number of complications was seen between Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (P=0.011). There was a correlation between harvesting of the internal thoracic artery and postoperative complications (P=0.048). The complication rates of the pectoralis major flap, rectus abdominis flap, omentum flap, a combination of pectoralis major flap and rectus abdominis flap, and direct closure were 23.3%, 33.3%, 100%, 37.5%, and 35.7%, respectively. Conclusions Diabetes mellitus, S. aureus, harvesting of the internal thoracic artery, and omentum flap were significant factors for complications after reconstruction. The omentum flap volume may be related to the complications associated with the omentum flap transfer in the present study.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.276-285
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• 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disorder of energy metabolism characterized by a sustained elevation of blood glucose in conjunction with impaired insulin action in multiple peripheral tissues (i.e., insulin resistance). Although extensive research has been conducted to identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of DM, its global prevalence and associated mortailty rates are still increasing, possibly because of challenges related to long-term adherence, limited efficacy, and undesirable side effects of currently available medications, implying an urgent need to develop effective and safe pharmacotherapies for DM. Phytochemicals have recently drawn attention as novel pharmacotherapies for DM based on their clinical relevance, therapeutic efficacy, and safety. Ginsenosides, pharmacologically active ingredients primarily found in ginseng, have long been used as adjuvants to traditional medications in Asian countries and have been reported to exert promising therapeutic efficacy in various metabolic diseases, including hyperglycemia and diabetes. This review summarizes the current pharmacological effects of ginsenosides and their mechanistic insights for the treatment of insulin resistance and DM, providing comprehensive perspectives for the development of novel strategies to treat DM and related metabolic complications.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of oxidative stress in NIDDM patients with diabetic complications and to determine the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetic complications. For this study, 139 NIDDM patients were recruited, 85 with diabetic complications and 54 without complications were recruited. The concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase(SOD), gluthatione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were determined. The daily intakes and plasma concentrations of beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein nd alpha-tocopherol were determined by food frequency questionnaire and by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), respectively. Among the antioxidant enzymes studied, only GSH-Px activity was lower in NIDDM patient, with diabetic complications than in those without complications(2.91$\pm$0.80 vs 3.54$\pm$0.44 U/mgHb, p<0.05). Those NIDDM patients with diabetic complications had higher MDA concentrations than those without diabetic complications(1.40$\pm$0.25 vs 1.25$\pm$0.11 nmol/ml, p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the dietary intakes of total carotenoids(2854 vs 2824ug/day)or vitamin E (9.5$\pm$3.2 vs 9.5$\pm$2.0mg/day)between NIDDA patients with and without complications. However, the plasma concentrations of beta-carotene and lycopene were significantly lower in NIDDM patients with complications than in NIDDM patients without complications (Beta-carotene : 24.2$\pm$12.5 vs 33.1$\pm$16.2(ug/dl), lycopene : 2.8$\pm$2.1 vs 4.3$\pm$2.8(ug/dl)). This study showed that in NIDDM patients with complications, the lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes was higher increased and the antioxidant reserves were significantly dipleted, compared with NIDDM patients without complications. The lower plasma concentrations of beta-carotene and lycopene in NIDDM patients may be due to the presence of diabetic complication, not due to the lower dietary intakes of antioxidant vitamins. To define the role of carotenoids in diabetes, more experimental and clinical studies are needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.393-401
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among sexual function, sexual stress, and quality of life in middle aged women patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 154 middle aged women patient with diabetes mellitus in one hospital. Results: The mean sexual function score was $12.99{\pm}9.11$. There were statistically significant differences in sexual function according to age, level of education, employment status, time of being diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, number of complications, self-monitoring of blood glucose, menopausal status, and level of glycosylated hemoglobin. The mean sexual stress score was $26.99{\pm}16.88$. The score of quality of life was $79.12{\pm}14.30$. There were statistically significant differences in quality of life according to level of education. Sexual function was negatively correlated with sexual stress (r=-.46 p<.001) and positively correlated with quality of life (r=.32, p<.001), while sexual stress was negatively correlated with quality of life (r=-.36 p<.001). Conclusion: Higher sexual dysfunction in middle aged women patients with diabetes mellitus was correlated with lower sexual stress and improved quality of life, while lower sexual stress was correlated with improved quality of life.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2015

As popularity of dental implantation is increasing, the number of cases associated with complications also increase. Evaluation on diabetes mellitus is often neglected due to the disease's irrelevance to implantability. However, patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible to infection due to impaired bactericidal ability of neutrophils, cellular immunity and activity of complements. Due to this established connection between diabetes mellitus and infection, a couple of cases were selected to present patients with diabetes mellitus with glycemic incontrollability, suffering from post-implantation dentigerous inter-fascial space abscess.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 2020

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Diabetes has been found to show many acute complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcer and damage to eyes. Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) has been traditionally known to normalize the functional deficiencies of the lung, spleen and stomach, and thus improve the secretion of body fluids, thereby quenching thirst, suggesting it to be effective in the treatment of diabetes. Experimental studies (in vitro and in vivo) have recently shown that Korean ginseng and its extracts exhibit antidiabetic effects, and also insulin secretion and sensitizing effects related to blood glucose control. Moreover, clinical trials on antidiabetic effects of Korean ginseng have been reported to show blood glucose control, improvement of insulin resistance, reduction of postprandial blood glucose level and improvement of serum lipids (TG, TC, LDL-C). These will be critically examined by means of in vitro studies, cell experiment, animal models and human trials with a focus on understanding of molecular mechanisms.