• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.425-429
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• 2008

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type 1 diabetes, or juvenile-onset diabetes, results from a cellular-mediated autoimmune destruction of the ${\beta}$-cells of the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes, or adult-onset diabetes, is a term used for individuals who have insulin resistance, a condition that makes it harder for the cells to properly use insulin, and usually have relative insulin deficiency. The diabetes causes the onset of chronic complications and diabetic neuropathy is one of the most debilitating complications. In this study, the hypoglycemic effect and the preventive effect of diabetic complications of Dioscorea rhizoma extract(DRE) were examined in rodent model. We investigated the glucose tolerance test and long term hypoglycemic effect of DRE in Type 1 streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and Type 2 diabetic db/db mice. DRE showed a hypoglycemic effect on blood glucose levels than that of control group in Type 1 streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and Type 2 diabetic db/db mice. On the basis of our results, we conclude that long-term use of DRE might help decrease blood glucose level and prevention of diabetes-associated complication.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.114-124
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• 2021

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the interaction effects of individual socioeconomic status and regional deprivation on the onset of diabetes complications and diabetes-related hospitalization among type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort data from 2002 to 2013 were used. A total of 50,954 patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes from 2004 to 2012 and aged 30 years or above were included. We classified patients into six groups according to individual income level and neighborhood deprivation: 'high in advantaged,' 'high in disadvantaged,' 'middle in advantaged,' 'middle in disadvantaged,' 'low in advantaged,' and 'low in disadvantaged.' We calculated hazard ratios (HR) of onset of diabetes complication and diabetes-related hospitalization using the Cox proportional hazard model, with the reference group as diabetes patients with high income in advantaged regions. Results: In terms of the interaction effects of individual income level and regional socioeconomic level, even with the same low individual income level, the group with a high regional socioeconomic level (low in advantaged) showed low HRs for the onset of diabetes complication (HR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.08) compared to the 'low in disadvantaged' group (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.16). In addition, the 'high in advantaged' group showed slightly higher HRs for the onset of diabetes complication (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00-1.11) compared to the 'low in advantaged' and it appeared to be associated with slight mitigation of the risk of diabetes complication. For the low-income level, the patients in disadvantaged regions showed the highest HRs for diabetes-related hospitalization (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.19-1.41) compared to the other groups. Conclusion: Although we need to perform further investigations to reveal the mechanisms that led to our results, interaction effects individual socioeconomic status and regional deprivation might be associated with on onset of diabetes complications and diabetes-related hospitalization among type 2 diabetes patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.226-235
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• 2020

This study was undertaken to investigate factors that affect the assessment of complications in diabetic eye and kidney diseases. Data was obtained from the National Community Health Survey, 2017. The subjects included were 25,829 respondents who had been diagnosed with diabetes. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the factors affecting associated diabetic eye disease (fundus examination) and kidney disease (microalbuminuria examination) complications. The diabetic eye disease complication rate was 35.6%, and diabetic kidney disease complication rate was 39.8%. Complications arising due to diabetes were determined to be 35.6% for eye diseases and 39.8% for kidney related diseases. Ed. Notes: The original sentence is not very lucid. I have suggested an alternate edit. I leave it to the author's discretion to accept or reject the same. Please delete whichever sentence is not suitable. Walking activity (OR=1.03, OR=1.02), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) recognition (OR=2.33, OR=2.33), blood glucose level recognition (OR=1.61, OR=1.71), diabetes drug therapy (OR=2.67, OR=3.05), and diabetic management education (OR=1.45, OR=1.47) were more likely to be evaluated for eye and kidney disease complications. Our results indicate that to increase the rate of screening for diabetic complications, it is necessary to develop a diabetes management system that includes the type and timing of diabetic complications, as well as different promotional methods that recognize HbA1C and blood glucose levels. Ed. Notes: Do you mean 'screening' methods? Please revise appropriately, if required. In addition, it is essential to develop a guideline for the management of diabetes mellitus, and to incorporate a screening test for diabetic complications in the national screening system.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.631-649
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• 2010

Objective : The object of this study was to observe the effects of aqueous extracts of Chunglijagam-tang(CLJGT), which has traditionally been used in Korean medicine for treating various diseases, on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced rat diabetes and related complications: diabetic nephropathy, hepatopathy and hyperlipemia. Methods : CLJGT extracts were orally administered once a day for 28 days at a dosage 50, 100 and 200mg/kg from 21 days after STZ treatment, and the changes on body weights, blood glucose levels, kidney and liver weights, serum BUN(blood urea nitrogen), creatinine, AST(aspartate transaminase), ALT(alanine aminotransferase), HDL(high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein), total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed with pancreatic malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione(GSH) contents. The results were compared with silymarin 100mg/kg. Results : Significant decrease of blood glucose levels, kidney and liver weights, serum BUN, creatinine, AST, ALT, LDL, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, pancreatic malondialdehyde contents and significant increase of body weights, serum HDL levels, pancreatic glutathione contents were detected in CLJGT extracts 50, 100 and 200mg/kg administered groups as compared to the STZ control group. Conclusion : CLJGT extracts showed favorable effects on the STZ-induced diabetes and related complications mediated by their antioxidant effects as similar to silymarin. Therefore, it is expected that DBEH has potential for use in the management of diabetes and various diabetic complications.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.902-910
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• 2007

Objective : Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma, a transcription factor in adipocyte differentiation, has important effects on insulin sensitivity, atherosclerosis, endothelial cell function and inflammation. Through these effects, PPAR-gamma2 might be involved with type 2 diabetes and vascular disease, including diabetic complications. Recently, it has been reported that the C161T polymorphism in the exon 6 of PPAR-gamma is associated with type 2 diabetes interacting with uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) gene, and is associated with acute myocardial infarction. We studied the association of this polymorphism with type 2 diabetes and its complications, such as retinopathy, ischemic stroke, nephropathy and neuropathy in Korean non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic populations. Methods : Three hundred and thirty eight type 2 diabetic patients (retinopathy: 64, ischemic stroke: 67, nephropathy: 39 and neuropathy: 76) and 152 healthy matched control subjects were evaluated. The PPAR-gamma C161T polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Results : PPAR-gamma C161T genotype and allele frequency did not show significant differences between type 2 diabetic patients and healthy controls (T allele: 17.0 vs. 14.5, OR= 1.21, P=0.3188). In the analysis for diabetic complications, T allele in diabetic nephropathy was significantly higher than controls (P=0.0358). T allele in the ischemic stroke patients was also higher than healthy controls, although it had no significance (P=0.1375). Conclusions : These results suggest that the C161T polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma gene might be associated with diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.345-352
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the degree of self-care, family support and depression, and relationship among these variables for elder with diabetes mellitus. Method: Participants were 202 diabetic patients, 65 years or over, living in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected using the self-care tool for diabetic patients by Kim (1996), the family support tool for diabetic patients by Park (1984), and Korea's BDI scale by Lee (1995). Results: Of the patients, 43.1% showed HbAlc levels than higher 7%. The highest mean score was for self-care for medication compliance, and the lowest for blood glucose testing compliance. Factors affecting self-care were employment, education, HbAlc level, diabetic self-care education and complications. Factors affecting family support were living with family, diabetic self-care education, hospitalization and complications. Factors affecting depression were gender, living with family and complications. All of these factors were significant. Patients experiencing depression were 16.8% of patients. There was a significant positive correlation between self-care and family support, and significant negative correlations between self-care and depression, and family support and depression. Conclusion: For more effective management of diabetes mellitus in elders, improvement in self-care compliance, and family support are needed.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.98-105
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• 1998

The purposes of this article are to review the pathogenesis, prevention, and management of amputation due to diabetes mel1itus complications, and to report one case who had lost his toes due to diabetes mellitus. A primary cause for hospital admission of the patient was foot ulcer. Since many amputations in diabetic patients are precipitated by such ulcers, a program for active prevention and optimal treatment of diabetic foot lesions might decrease the risk of amputation. Diabetic foot ulcers and, ultimately, amputation can stem from a variety of pathways. The combination of peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease and infections is the harbinger of the final cataclysmic events of gangrene and amputation. As the physical therapist is often involved in the treatment of diabetic patients, the therapist should be aware of the followings: the patient's type of diabetes and the severity of the diabetes, the complications of the disease, the effects of exercise, the importance of wearing proper shoes and education to patients about appropriate diabetic foot care.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.935-945
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• 2020

We retrospectively reviewed the cases in which complications occurred during below-the-knee (BTK) endovascular treatments that were performed at our hospital from 2005 to 2014. Several interesting cases have been described herein. All the patients had diabetes and non-healing wounds on their feet and/or rest pain in their foot or leg, and therefore, endovascular treatment was performed for the BTK arteries of the affected lower extremity. The complications that occurred during the procedure were classified into six categories-vascular spasm, flow limiting dissection, perforation, broken guidewire, distal thromboembolism, and unusual puncture site bleeding. Each complication has its own solutions and management. We discuss these different classes of complications and describe how cases of each type were managed.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to find the sociopsychological factors influencing the compliance of dietary regimen in diabetes by using focus group interviews. The data were collected from fifty three diabetes patients in eleven focus groups from September 1997 to March , 1998 in Seoul and Suwon Korea. The interviews were tape-recorded and the contents of the interviews were analysed by researchers. The subjects knew the causes, complications, and therapies of diabetes although they were incorrect at times . Patients had a wide range of outcome expectations from very optimistic to pessimistic. They recognized diabetes as a disease which needs life-time care, and they though that good care could provide a normal life. One the other hand they thought diabetes could lead to death through complications, and cause financial problems as well as social isolation. As for self-efficacy they recognized the importance of compliance to diet regimen but they thought the diet therapy was very difficult and were not very willing to follow it. They felt medical professionals, especially doctors, were influential for the therapies. However they frequently felt counselling provided by doctors was insufficient in time and content and led to attitude problems. They felt support from families and others was often insufficient and inadequate. Nutrition education fostering outcome expectation, social support, and self-efficacy is needed to increased compliance. The most influential referents were medical professional including doctors, nurses, dieticians, so their role in diet therapy should by emphasized.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of comorbid sleep disorders (SD) on the incidence of cardiovascular complications among newly-diagnosed hypertension (HTN) patients. Methods: As study population, 124 057 newly-diagnosed essential HTN patients aged 30 or older, without cardiovascular complications at diagnosis with HTN, were selected from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. The incidence of cardiovascular complications was calculated, Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to analyze the risk of complications, and the population attributable fraction (PAF) for cardiovascular complications of having comorbid SD at HTN diagnosis was calculated. Results: Over 10 years, 32 275 patients (26.0%) developed cardiovascular complications. In HTN patients with comorbid SD at diagnosis of HTN, the incidence of cardiovascular complications (78.3/1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 75.8 to 80.9) was higher than in those without comorbid SD (58.6/1000 person-years; 95% CI, 57.9 to 59.3) and the risk of cardiovascular complications was 1.21 times higher (95% CI, 1.17 to 1.25), adjusting for age, gender, income, area of residence, and comorbid diabetes mellitus. The PAF of having comorbid SD at diagnosis of HTN for the incidence of cardiovascular complications was 2.07% (95% CI, 1.69 to 2.44). Conclusions: Newly-diagnosed essential HTN patients aged 30 or older who had comorbid SD at the time of their HTN diagnosis had a higher incidence of cardiovascular complications than those without comorbid SD. Age, gender, income, area of residence, and comorbid diabetes mellitus had a significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular complications. Approximately 2% of cardiovascular complications were found to occur due to the presence of SD.