• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Epigeic arthropods participate in ecological functions as predators, decomposers and herbivores. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of some dominant arthropods in rice fields to different forms of agricultural land management. METHODS AND RESULTS: The abundance of microarthropods was compared between rice fields and uplands in the non-growing season. Collembola, Oribatida and Mesostigmata were more abundant in the upland fields than in the paddy fields. The community composition and diversity of epigeic arthropods were compared between fallow and rice fields. The total abundance and species richness of spiders and ground beetles were not significantly different in the two types of agricultural fields. The abundance of Arctosa kwangreungensis was greater in fallow fields than in cultivated fields. The community structure of arthropods was compared between paddy fields with and without barley. The cropping system altered the community composition of spiders but not their biodiversity. Barley cultivation increased the abundance of ground beetles but decreased that of spiders. We suggest that this contrast was partly due to the availability of plants that provided shelter and food for ground beetles. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and cropping system alter the community composition of epigeic spiders and ground beetles. This could result in ecosystem-level alterations with respect to the control of pests and weeds. Our results also suggest that biodiversity of ground-dwelling arthropods may not increase during short fallow periods.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.49-56
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• 1997

In recent years, ultrasonic technics has been widely applied to industrial fields and its application range has been expanded as a result of continuous research and development. This paper is concerned with development of post-processor program for ultrasonic test and two-axis automatic ultrasonic system for application of industrial fields. Test results of ultrasonic test post-processor program and two-axis auto- matic ultrasonic system have a good agreement with results of ultrasonic evaluation for defect detection in industrial fields. Therefore we think that the developed ultrasonic test post-processor program and two- axis automatic ultrasonic system in this work is very useful for application of industrial fields.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.457-463
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• 2014

This study was carried out to find out major factors to mitigate carbon emission using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). System boundary of LCA was confined from sowing to packaging during vegetable production. Input amount of agri-materials was calculated on 2007 Income reference of white radish, chinese cabbage and chive produced at open field and film house published by Rural Development Administration. Domestic data and Ecoinvent data were used for emission factors of each agri-material based on the 1996 IPCC guideline. Carbon footprint of white radish was 0.19 kg $CO_2kg^{-1}$ at open fields, 0.133 kg $CO_2kg^{-1}$ at film house, that of chinese cabbage was 0.22 kg $CO_2kg^{-1}$ at open fields, 0.19 kg $CO_2kg^{-1}$ at film house, and that of chive was 0.66 kg $CO_2kg^{-1}$ at open fields and 1.04 kg $CO_2kg^{-1}$ at film house. The high carbon footprint of chive was related to lower vegetable production and higher fuel usage as compared to white radish and Chinese cabbage. The mean proportion of carbon emission was 35.7% during the manufacturing byproduct fertilizer; white radish at open fields was 50.6%, white radish at film house 13.1%, Chinese cabbage at outdoor 38.4%, Chinese cabbage at film house 34.0%, chive at outdoor 50.6%, and chive at film house 36.0%. Carbon emission, on average, for the step of manufacturing and combustion accounted for 16.1% of the total emission; white radish at open fields was 4.3%, white radish at film house 15.6%, Chinese cabbage at open fields 6.9%, Chinese cabbage at film house 19.0%, chive at open fields 12.5%, and chive at film house 29.1%. On the while, mean proportion of carbon footprint for the step of $N_2O$ emission was 29.2%; white radish at open fields was 39.2%, white radish at film house 41.9%, Chinese cabbage at open fields 34.4%, Chinese cabbage at film house 23.1%, chive at open fields 28.8%, and chive at film house 17.1%. Fertilizer was the primary factor and fuel was the secondary factor for carbon emission among the vegetables of this study. It was suggested to use Heug-To-Ram web-service system, http://soil.rda.go.kr, for the scientific fertilization based on soil testing, and for increase of energy efficiency to produce low carbon vegetable.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2022

The relationship between sound and vision was experimentally confirmed by physicist Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni as early as the 18th century and formally entered into systematic research. With the development of emerging media technology, sound reactive type visual content is not limited to a single visual interaction based on the vibration of sound, and its visual content shows a diversified and scalable development trend according to different purposes in many fields. This study analyzes the development and changes of sound visual art contents from early stage to modernization, and analyzes the development characteristic of sound visual art content in different fields and scene environments influence by interactive media, new media technologies and devices by means of case analysis. Through this research, it is expected that the sound reactive type visual art content can continue to develop and extend in the existing fields, while explore the scalability of the application of sound reactive type visual art content in more fields.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Soil bacteria play important roles in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling during the non-growing season. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soil management and chemical properties on the utilization of carbon sources by soil bacteria in paddy fields. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Biolog EcoPlate was used for analyzing community-level carbon substrate utilization profiles of soil bacteria. Soils were collected from the following three types of areas: plain, interface and mountain areas, which were tested to investigate the topology effect. The results of canonical correspondence analysis and Kendall rank correlation analysis showed that soil C/N ratio and NH₄⁺ influenced utilization of carbon sources by bacteria. The utilization of carbohydrates and complex carbon sources were positively correlated with NH₄⁺ concentration. Cultivated paddy fields were compared with adjacent abandoned fields to investigate the impact of cultivation cessation. The level of utilization of putrescine was lower in abandoned fields than in cultivated fields. Monoculture fields were compared with double cropping fields cultivated with barley to investigate the impact of winter crop cultivation. Cropping system altered bacterial use of carbon sources, as reflected by the enhanced utilization of 2-hydroxy benzoic acid under monoculture conditions. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and topological characteristics have a minimal impact on soil bacterial functioning in relation to carbon substrate utilization. Moreover, soil chemical properties were found to be important factors determining the physiological profile of the soil bacterial community in paddy fields.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to quantify and characterize the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from paddy fields and crop fields in Tottori, Japan. DOC and ultraviolet (UV) absorption were measured in the filtrated water of each sample. The DOC concentration and the SUVA (specific UV absorption) of biodegradation analysis samples were determined around 50 days after their incubation. In the Fukui paddy fields, DOC concentration varied seasonally from 1.1 to $10.1mg\;Cl^{-1}$, becoming higher during heavy runoffs in April, a non-agriculture period. Variations in DOC concentration did not always correspond to rainfall, though. The Obadake paddy fields showed a DOC concentration pattern similar to that of the Fukui paddy fields. The daily DOC discharge per area in the Fukui (up), Fukui (down), Obadake (south) and Obadake (north) paddy fields influent from paddy fields were 0.02, 0.0161, 0.0135 and $0.0027kg\;a^{-1}day^{-1}$, respectively. These differences resulted from differences in agricultural types and customs of farmers according to paddy fields and other kinds of fields. Also, the SUVAs [which are indirect means to evaluate humic substances (hydrophobic fractions)] of the studied influent waters from paddy fields were generally lower than those of the influent waters from crop fields. Nonbiodegradable DOC accounted for 50.2 - 98% and 46.8 - 85.5% of the total DOC in the paddy fields and in the crop fields, respectively.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제33권5_2호
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• pp.677-687
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 위성영상 기반의 동계작물 구분도 작성을 위한 계층분류 기법을 제안한다. 계층분류 기법은 입력 자료를 계층별로 정의하여 분류하는 방법으로 혼합 픽셀의 효과를 줄이고 분류 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 이를 위하여 전북 김제시의 동계작물을 대상으로 Landsat-8 위성영상을 사용하였다. 먼저, Landsat-8 위성영상에서 스마트 팜 맵을 이용하여 농경지를 분류하였다. 그리고 추출된 농경지를 대상으로 시계열 식생지수를 사용하여 동계작물 재배지를 추출한 후, 최종적으로 무인기 영상에서 추출한 훈련자료를 활용하여 밀, 보리, IRG, 청보리 및 혼파 재배지로 분류하였다. 그 결과, 계층분류 기법에 의한 동계작물 분류 정확도는 98.99%로 동계작물별 재배 필지를 효과적으로 분류할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 제안된 분류방법은 작물구분도 작성에 효과적으로 사용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.208-217
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• 2016

The Rural Development Administration moved to Jeonju for the balanced development of the land. This situation required establishment of new research fields with soils appropriate to cultivation. We applied a variety of amelioration techniques to mature soils of new research fields of the National Institute of Agricultural Science (NAS) and evaluated effects of the integrated amelioration techniques. The schedule of amelioration was following: 1) location of research fields was determined, 2) surface and subsoil samples were collected separately, 3) after aligning the top level of research fields, subsoil and surface soil were re-established with soil amendment, 4) the green manure crops were grown four seasons to improve the uniformity and increase the organic content of the research field, and 5) drainage canal and/or underdrainage were applied to poorly drained fields. The last green manure crop was rape in RDA fields and green barley in NAS fields. The average height, fresh weight, and dry matter weight of rape in good condition were 123 cm, $3,938kg\;10a^{-1}$, and $651kg\;10a^{-1}$, respectively. The height, fresh weight, and dry matter of green barley, on average, were 97 cm, $3,013kg\;10a^{-1}$, and $1,004kg\;10a^{-1}$, respectively. In the chemical properties of paddy field, pH and levels of silicate, calcium, magnesium, and potassium were in appropriate range but organic matter content of $16g\;kg^{-1}$ was less than the optimum level. In the chemical properties of upland field, pH and levels of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and potassium were appropriate range but organic matter content of $12g\;kg^{-1}$ was less than the optimum range. Evaluation of well-adapted soil was performed. The field in RDA was classified into the superior class with points ranging from 90 to 95 by the field evaluation test. The fields in NAS were mainly evaluated as the superior class with points greater than 85. However, some fields in NAS remained low quality with scores between 80 and 83. Further soil amelioration practices were suggested to fields with low soil quality.

• 에너지공학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2010

국내 에너지자원 자급률을 높이기 위해서는 적극적인 해외유전개발투자를 통한 생산 유 가스전 매입, M&A, 기존 생산광구 증산 등을 추진해야할 것이다. 이를 위해서는 생산 유 가스전 평가, 설계, 운영 등과 관련된 핵심 전략 기술에 대한 확보가 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 향후 지속적인 연구개발 지원을 통한 생산광구평가와 생산 최적 설계.운영 기술 축적으로 해외 매입 가능한 유 가스전의 증가와 기존 유 가스전의 생산량 증대, 효율적인 광구 운영을 통한 석유 가스 자주개발률 제고를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs is promoting agri-environment conservation program to induce farmers to participate in agricultural environment improvement and conservation activities. However, assessment tools based on scientific evidence are needed to determine the effectiveness of the program objectively and quantitatively. Therefore, this study was performed to develop plant indicators in order to efficiently evaluate the effects of the agri-environment conservation program promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. METHODS AND RESULTS: The survey was conducted in five regions (Hampyeong, Boryeong, Mungyeong, Hongseong, and Sangju) participating in the agri-eonvironment conservation program. In each region, twenty paddy fields were investigated (ten paddy fields included in the program and ten paddy fields not included in the program). A total of 231 taxa vascular plants were identified in the paddy fields that were included in the agri-environment conservation program, and a total of 177 taxa were identified in the paddy fields that were not included. The average species number occurred on each field was 55.8 taxa in the fields included in the program, and 35.0 taxa in the fields not included in the program. The difference in occurring plants between two groups was found to be more higher in perennial plants than in annual plants. We selected the six groups as indicator plants through five criteria such as perennial plants and broadly occurring species, etc. to verify the effectiveness of the agri-environment conservation program: Taraxacum spp., Ixeris spp., Viola spp., Platago spp., Calystegia spp., and rare and endagered species. There was a high positive correlation between the score calculated using these indicator plants and the total number of plants species. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that it is possible to evaluate the agro-ecological environment by using indicator plants. The selected indicator plants can be effectively used to verify the effectiveness of projects such as agri-environmental conservation programs in the future.