• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.343-361
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• 2007

This article presents a numerical tool for dimensioning two-threaded fasteners connecting prismatic parts subjected to fatigue tension loads that are coplanar with the screw axis. A simplified numerical model is developed from unidirectional finite elements, modeling the connected parts and screws with bent elements and the elastic contact layer between the parts with springs. An algorithm updating the contact stiffness matrix, calculating forces and displacements at each node of the structure and thus normal stresses in the screws in both static and fatigue is further developed using C language. An experimental study is also conducted in parallel with the numerical approach to validate the developed model assumptions, the numerical model and the 3D finite element results. Since stiffness values for the compressive zones in the parts are analytically difficult to determine, a statistical software method is used, from which a tuning factor is derived for identifying these stiffness values. The method is also applied to set out the influence of each parameter on the fatigue behaviour of each screw. Finally, the developed model will be used to establish a new, sophisticated, fast and accurate tool for dimensioning bolted mechanical structures.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.2836-2846
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• 2020

During severe nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents, a H₂/CO mixture can be generated in the reactor pressure vessel by core degradation and in the containment as well by molten corium-concrete interaction. In spite of its importance, a state-of-the-art methodology predicting H₂/CO combustion risk relies predominantly on empirical correlations. It is therefore necessary to develop a proper methodology for flammability evaluation of H₂/CO mixtures at ex-vessel phases characterized by three factors: CO concentration, high temperature, and diluents. The developed methodology adopted Le Chatelier's law and a calculated non-adiabatic flame temperature model. The methodology allows the consideration of the individual effect of the heat transfer characteristics of hydrogen and carbon monoxide on low flammability limit prediction. The accuracy of the developed model was verified using experimental data relevant to ex-vessel phase conditions. With the developed model, the prediction accuracy was improved substantially such that the maximum relative prediction error was approximately 25% while the existing methodology showed a 76% error. The developed methodology is expected to be applicable for flammability evaluation in chemical as well as NPP industries.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2020

Recently, deep learning that is the most popular and effective class of machine learning algorithms is widely applied to various industrial areas. A number of research on various topics about structural engineering was performed by using artificial neural networks, such as structural design optimization, vibration control and system identification etc. When nonlinear semi-active structural control devices are applied to building structure, a lot of computational effort is required to predict dynamic structural responses of finite element method (FEM) model for development of control algorithm. To solve this problem, an artificial neural network model was developed in this study. Among various deep learning algorithms, a recurrent neural network (RNN) was used to make the time history response prediction model. An RNN can retain state from one iteration to the next by using its own output as input for the next step. An eleven-story building structure with semi-active tuned mass damper (TMD) was used as an example structure. The semi-active TMD was composed of magnetorheological damper. Five historical earthquakes and five artificial ground motions were used as ground excitations for training of an RNN model. Another artificial ground motion that was not used for training was used for verification of the developed RNN model. Parametric studies on various hyper-parameters including number of hidden layers, sequence length, number of LSTM cells, etc. After appropriate training iteration of the RNN model with proper hyper-parameters, the RNN model for prediction of seismic responses of the building structure with semi-active TMD was developed. The developed RNN model can effectively provide very accurate seismic responses compared to the FEM model.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.8753-8759
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• 2015

터빈 발전 사이클에서의 안정적인 발전 출력 유지관리를 위해서는 검증된 성능 측정 데이터 그룹과 이를 바탕으로 한 발전 출력 성능 계산 절차의 수립이 필요하다. ASME PTC(Performance Test Code)의 성능 계산 절차를 기반으로 본 연구에서는 터빈 출력에 의한 발전기 출력 성능 산정을 위해서 터빈 팽창선 모델과 발전기 출력 측정 데이터의 입력 검증 모델을 구성하였다. 또한 불확실한 측정 데이터에 대한 검증 모델도 구성하였다. 지난 연구에서는 신경회로망과 커널 회귀의 학습 방법을 사용하였으나 본 연구에서는 미측정 데이터에 대한 보완을 하기 위하여 서포트 벡터 머신 모델을 사용하여 발전기 출력 계산 데이터의 학습 모델을 구성하였으며, 학습 모델 구성을 위해서 관련 변수의 선정을 위한 절차와 학습 데이터 구간을 설정하는 알고리듬을 개발하였다. 학습의 결과 오차는 약 1% 범위 안에 있게 되어 추정 및 학습 모델로서 유용함을 입증하였다. 이 학습 모델을 사용하여 측정 데이터 중 상실된 부분에 대한 추정 모델을 구성함으로써, 터빈 사이클 보정 성능 계산의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 수 있음을 검증하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.931-942
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• 1999

This paper develops a 3 DOF vehicle model which includes lateral, roll and yaw motion to study a 4WS vehicle. The model is used for the simulation of a 4WS vehicle behavior, and to derive a control algorithm for rear wheel steering. This paper uses a feedforward plus feedback control scheme to compute a rear wheel steering angle. The feedforward control scheme for computing the first rear wheel steering angle uses a gain which is acquired by multiplying a proper value on a gain to maintain a zero sideslip angle. The feedback control scheme for computing the second rear wheel steering angle uses fuzzy logic and model following control scheme. A linear 2 DOF model is used as a reference model for model following control, and is derived from the developed 3 DOF model by neglecting sprung mass roll motion. A reference state variable is yaw rate, and is computed using the linear 2 DOF model. J-turn and lane change maneuver simulation are performed to show the effectiveness of the developed control scheme. The simulation results show that the 4WS vehicle with the developed control scheme has much better performance in yaw rate, lateral acceleration, roll angle, and sideslip angle than the 2WS vehicle. Also, the results show that the performance of the developed control is close to the one of an optimal control which assumes all states are perfect.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.130-140
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• 2017

Background: With the need for a domestic level 3 probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), it is essential to develop a Korea-specific code. Health effect assessments study radiation-induced impacts; in particular, long-term health effects are evaluated in terms of cancer risk. The objective of this study was to analyze the latest cancer risk models developed by foreign organizations and to compare the methodology of how they were developed. This paper also provides suggestions regarding the development of Korean cancer risk models. Materials and Methods: A review of cancer risk models was carried out targeting the latest models: the NUREG model (1993), the BEIR VII model (2006), the UNSCEAR model (2006), the ICRP 103 model (2007), and the U.S. EPA model (2011). The methodology of how each model was developed is explained, and the cancer sites, dose and dose rate effectiveness factor (DDREF) and mathematical models are also described in the sections presenting differences among the models. Results and Discussion: The NUREG model was developed by assuming that the risk was proportional to the risk coefficient and dose, while the BEIR VII, UNSCEAR, ICRP, and U.S. EPA models were derived from epidemiological data, principally from Japanese atomic bomb survivors. The risk coefficient does not consider individual characteristics, as the values were calculated in terms of population-averaged cancer risk per unit dose. However, the models derived by epidemiological data are a function of sex, exposure age, and attained age of the exposed individual. Moreover, the methodologies can be used to apply the latest epidemiological data. Therefore, methodologies using epidemiological data should be considered first for developing a Korean cancer risk model, and the cancer sites and DDREF should also be determined based on Korea-specific studies.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.347-354
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 한옥의 해석모델 구축을 지원하고, 구축된 해석모델의 활용도를 높이고자 이를 활용한 가상현실 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 한옥의 구조해석 모델은 범용 구조해석 소프트웨어인 midas Gen으로 생성하고, 이를 문자기반 입력파일로 변환한 후 본 연구에서 개발된 소프트웨어에서 한옥 해석모델의 검토에 필요한 자료들을 저장한다. 개발된 가상현실 소프트웨어 내에서 3차원으로 표현된 한옥의 해석모델은 시점을 변경하며 살펴볼 수 있고 특정 부재를 선택하여 관련된 자료를 확인할 수 있다. 이러한 과정을 통해 해석모델의 오류를 확인 및 수정하여 완결된 해석모델을 구축할 수 있다. 개발된 소프트웨어는 3개의 한옥 사례에 적용하여 그 적용성과 효용성을 검증하였으며, 구조분야 이외의 타 분야에서도 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

내연기관 엔진 성능평가를 위해서는 다양한 방법이 사용된다. 그러나 기존에 사용되던 방법들에는 각자 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 엔진 성능평가 방법들의 한계들을 극복하고자 데이터 기반 모델 및 물리 기반 모델 연동 엔진 시뮬레이션 모델을 개발하였다. 터보차저 엔진 작동 과정에 관여하는 대표적인 구성 요소들을 식별하고 각 구성 요소는 특성에 맞게 데이터 기반 모델 혹은 물리 기반 모델로 모델링되었다. 설계된 구성 요소 모델들을 C++ 및 Python으로 구현 및 결합하여 엔진 시뮬레이터를 개발하였다. 시뮬레이터의 정상 동작을 확인하기 위하여 여러 변수의 수렴성을 시험하였다. 최종적으로 시뮬레이션 결과와 실제 엔진 시험 결과의 비교에서 대부분 변수가 5% 이하의 오차를 보임에 따라 시뮬레이션 모델이 검증되었음을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 시뮬레이터를 적용한다면 적은 노력으로 다양한 엔진 모델들에 대한 성능평가가 가능할 것으로 기대된다. 동시에 추후 엔진 디지털트윈 개발 시 시뮬레이터가 핵심 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.865-876
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• 2004

A new concept of reduced quasi-dimensional combustion model for a direct injection diesel engine is developed based on the previously developed quasi-dimensional multi-zone model to improve the computational efficiency. In the reduced model, spray penetration and air entrainment are calculated for a number of zones within the spray while three zones with aggregated spray zone concept are used for the calculation of spray combustion and emission formation processes. It is also assumed that liquid phase fuel appears only near the nozzle exit during the breakup period and that spray vaporization is immediate in order to reduce the computational time. Validation of the reduced model with experimental data demonstrated that the new model can predict engine performance and NO and soot emissions reasonably well compared to the original model. With the new concept of reduced model, computational efficiency is significantly improved as much as 200 times compared to the original model.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.149-157
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• 1994

In this study two dimensional visco-plastic finite element model capable of handling the multi-step excavation was developed for investigating the effect of excavation support sequences on the behavior of underground openings in the jointed rock mass. First, the finite element model which is capable of handling the multi-step excavation is developed and verified. And then the model is combined with visco-plastic joint model. Ubiquitous joint pattern was considered in the model and joint properties in cach set were assumed to be indentical. Passive, full-grouted rockbolts were cosidered in the numerical model. The visco-plastic deformations of joints and rockbolts were assumed to be governed by Mohr-Conlomb and von Mises yield criteria, respectively. With the ability of removing elements, the model can simulate the multi-step excavation-suppport sequences. The reliability and applicability of the model to the stability analysis for the underground excavation in pratice was checked by simulating the behavior of underground crude oil storage caverns under construction.