• 제목/요약/키워드: Detection sensitivity

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민감도행렬을 사용한 구조물의 손상추정법 (Structural Damage Detection Method Using Sensitivity Matrices)

  • 윤정방;김두기
    • 전산구조공학
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.117-126
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    • 1996
  • 구조물의 손상추정법은 정적방법과 동적방법으로 나눌 수 있다. 정적방법은 정적하중과 정적변위의 관계를 이용하여 구조물의 손상위치와 손상정도를 추정하는 방법으로 동적방법에 비해 수식이 간단하나, 정적하중과 정적변위의 관계만을 사용하여 구조물의 손상을 추정하므로 정적변위에 대한 오차에 매우 민감하다. 동적방법은 구조물의 고유한 진동특성을 나타내는 고유진동수와 진동모우드를 구하여 구조물의 손상을 추정하는 방법으로, 정적방법에 비해 동일한 측점에서 많은 양의 시간기록자료를 계측할 수 는 있으나, 신뢰성이 높은 많은 수의 고유진동수와 진동모우드를 구하기가 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 구조물의 정적변위, 고유진동수와 진동모우드에 대한 민감도행렬을 사용하여 구조물의 정적 및 동적특성을 동시에 고려할 수 있는 구조물의 손상추정법을 제시하였다. 제시한 방법은 구조물의 손상 전.후의 정적변위와 진동모우드의 변화량을 부등구속조건식으로한 최적화기법을 사용하므로, 제한된 계측절점과 오차를 고려할 수 있으며 정적변위와 모우드 민감도행렬이외의 다양한 구조적 특성에 대한 민감도를 구속조건식으로 사용할 수 있다. 트러스구조물에 대한 모의 수치예제를 통한 제안한 방법의 정확성과 효율성을 수치적으로 검증하였다.

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근접장-분자반응 간의 중첩을 이용한 표면 플라스몬 공명 센서 감도 평가에 관한 연구 (Near-field Evaluation of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Sensitivity Based on the Overlap Between Field and Target Distribution)

  • 류연수;손태황;김동현
    • 한국광학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.86-91
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    • 2013
  • 본 논문에서는 근접장-분자반응 간의 중첩을 이용한 표면 플라스몬 공명 (SPR) 바이오센서의 측정감도 평가방법을 연구하였다. 전달행렬 방법을 사용하여 다양한 형태의 중첩적분으로 정의된 광학자취 값을 계산하였고, 샌드위치 및 역샌드위치 면역글로뷸린 (IgG) 어세이에 대해서 실험적으로 측정된 수치와 비교하였다. 이론 및 실험적인 결과와의 비교를 통하여 접선 방향의 전기장을 사용한 광학자취의 경우 그 연속성으로 말미암아 가장 높은 상관계수를 얻을 수 있었으며 이때 광학자취와 측정감도 사이에 97% 이상의 높은 상관계수가 존재함을 보았다. 이러한 상관관계는 SPR 바이오센서의 측정 감도에 관한 메커니즘을 분명하게 설명하며, 분자 스케일 감도를 가지는 SPR 바이오센서 개발에 기여하게 될 것이다.

Performance Evaluation of the Automated Fluorescent Immunoassay System Rotavirus Assay in Clinical Samples

  • Kim, Jae-Seok;Lee, Su-Kyung;Ko, Dae-Hyun;Hyun, Jungwon;Kim, Hyun Soo
    • Annals of Laboratory Medicine
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    • 제39권1호
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    • pp.50-57
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    • 2019
  • Background: The Automated Fluorescent Immunoassay System (AFIAS) rotavirus assay (Boditech Med Inc., Chuncheon, Korea) is a new rapid antigen test for rotavirus detection. We evaluated the performance of this assay for detecting rotaviruses and their specific genotypes in clinical stool samples. Methods: AFIAS rotavirus assay was performed in 103 rotavirus-positive and 103 rotavirus-negative stool samples (confirmed by both PCR and ELISA), and its results were compared with those of PCR, ELISA, and immunochromatographic assay (ICA). We evaluated diagnostic sensitivity/specificity, the detectability of rotavirus subtypes, lower limit of detection (LLOD), reproducibility, cross-reactivity, and interference of AFIAS rotavirus assay. Results: Based on PCR and ELISA results, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the AFIAS rotavirus assay were both 99.0%. LLOD results showed that the AFIAS assay had sensitivity similar to or greater than ICA and ELISA. High reproducibility was confirmed, and no cross-reactivity or interference was detected. This assay could detect genotypes G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[6], G4P[8], G8P[4], G8P[8], G9P[4], and G9P[8]. Conclusions: The AFIAS rotavirus assay showed high reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity as well as excellent agreement with ELISA, PCR, and ICA. It detected the most common as well as unusual genotypes of rotavirus prevalent in Korea. It could be a useful onsite assay for rapid, convenient, and cost-effective detection of rotavirus infection.

몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 기반 밀도에 따른 다양한 검출기 물질을 적용한 획득 영상 평가 (Evaluation of Image Quality by Using Various Detector Materials according to Density : Monte Carlo Simulation Study)

  • 이나눔;최다솜;이지수;박찬록
    • 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.459-464
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    • 2021
  • The detector performance is important role in acquiring the gamma rays from patients. Among parameters of detector performances, there is density, which relates to respond to gamma rays. Therefore, we confirm the detection efficiency according to various detector materials based on the density parameter using GATE (geant4 application for emission tomography) simulation tool. The NaI (density: 3.67 g/cm3), CZT (Cadimium Zinc Telluride) (density: 5.80 g/cm3), CdTe (Cadmium Telluride) (5.85 g/cm3), and GAGG (Gadoinium Aluminum Gallium Garnet) (density g/cm3) were used as detector materials. In addition, the point source and quadrant bar phantom, which is modeled for 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm thicknesses, were modeled to confirm the quatitative analysis using sensitivity (cps/MBq) and the full width at half maximum (FWHM, mm) at the 2.0 mm bar thickness containing visual evaluation. Based on the results, the sensitivity for NaI, CZT, CdTe, and GAGG detector materials were 0.12, 0.15, 0.16, and 0.18 cps/MBq. In addition, the FWHM for quadrant bar phantom in the 2.0 mm bar thickness is 3.72, 3.69, 3.70, and 3.73 mm for NaI, CZT, CdTe, and GAGG materials, respectively. Compared with performance of detector materials according to density, the high density can improve detection efficiency in terms of sensitivity and mean count. Among these detector materials, the GAGG material is efficient for detection of gamma rays.

Effects of Expert-Determined Reference Standards in Evaluating the Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning Model: A Malignant Lung Nodule Detection Task on Chest Radiographs

  • Jung Eun Huh; Jong Hyuk Lee;Eui Jin Hwang;Chang Min Park
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.155-165
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    • 2023
  • Objective: Little is known about the effects of using different expert-determined reference standards when evaluating the performance of deep learning-based automatic detection (DLAD) models and their added value to radiologists. We assessed the concordance of expert-determined standards with a clinical gold standard (herein, pathological confirmation) and the effects of different expert-determined reference standards on the estimates of radiologists' diagnostic performance to detect malignant pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs with and without the assistance of a DLAD model. Materials and Methods: This study included chest radiographs from 50 patients with pathologically proven lung cancer and 50 controls. Five expert-determined standards were constructed using the interpretations of 10 experts: individual judgment by the most experienced expert, majority vote, consensus judgments of two and three experts, and a latent class analysis (LCA) model. In separate reader tests, additional 10 radiologists independently interpreted the radiographs and then assisted with the DLAD model. Their diagnostic performance was estimated using the clinical gold standard and various expert-determined standards as the reference standard, and the results were compared using the t test with Bonferroni correction. Results: The LCA model (sensitivity, 72.6%; specificity, 100%) was most similar to the clinical gold standard. When expert-determined standards were used, the sensitivities of radiologists and DLAD model alone were overestimated, and their specificities were underestimated (all p-values < 0.05). DLAD assistance diminished the overestimation of sensitivity but exaggerated the underestimation of specificity (all p-values < 0.001). The DLAD model improved sensitivity and specificity to a greater extent when using the clinical gold standard than when using the expert-determined standards (all p-values < 0.001), except for sensitivity with the LCA model (p = 0.094). Conclusion: The LCA model was most similar to the clinical gold standard for malignant pulmonary nodule detection on chest radiographs. Expert-determined standards caused bias in measuring the diagnostic performance of the artificial intelligence model.

Serum Antigen and Antibody Detection in Echinococcosis: Application in Serodiagnosis of Human Hydatidosis

  • Sadjjadi, Seyed Mahmoud;Sedaghat, Farzaneh;Hosseini, Seyed Vahid;Sarkari, Bahador
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.153-157
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    • 2009
  • Diagnosis of hydatidosis is based on immunodiagnostic methods along with radiological and ultrasound examinations. The objectives of the present study were to develop a specific and simple antigen-based ELISA method for diagnosis of hydatidosis and compare it with antibody detection method. The subjects in this study included 89 patients in the following groups: surgically confirmed hydatidosis patients (35 cases), control with other parasitic diseases (29 cases), and healthy controls (25 cases). Hyperimmune serum was raised against hydatid cyst fluid in rabbits. Anti-hydatid cyst IgG was purified by affinity chromatography using protein A column and labeled with horseradish peroxidase. Collected sera were assessed for hydatid cyst antigens and antibody by ELISA. Circulating hydatid antigen was found in 9 out of 35 patients with surgically confirmed hydatidosis. A sensitivity of 25.7% and a specificity of 98.0% were calculated for the antigen detection assay. Antibody detection by indirect ELISA, using antigen B, showed that 94.2% of patients (33 cases) have anti-hydatid cyst antibodies in their serum while cross reaction was noted in a few of non-hydatidosis patients. A sensitivity of 94.2% and specificity of 81.6% were found for the antibody detection assay. Findings of this study indicated that antibody detection assay is a sensitive approach for diagnosis of hydatid cyst while antigen detection assay might be a useful approach for assessment of the efficacy of treatment especially after removal of the cyst.

Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Analysis by Microchip Electrophoresis for the Rapid Detection of Point Mutation in Human Obesity Gene

  • Kang, Seong-Ho;Jang, Soo-Young;Park, Sang-Kyu
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제27권9호
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    • pp.1346-1352
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    • 2006
  • We describe an effective method of microchip electrophoresis (ME) based on single strand conformation poly-morphism (SSCP) analysis to rapidly detect the point mutation, Leu72Met, in a human obesity gene. The 207-bp dsDNA in the Leu72Met region, an estimate of the child obesity DNA mutant, was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and submitted to a conventional glass microchip analysis with a sieving matrix of 1.75% poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (Mr 1 300 000), 1.0% poly(ethyleneoxide) (Mr 600 000) and 5.0% w/w glycerol. When combined with base stacking (BS) with hydroxide ions, the SSCP-ME provided rapid analysis as well as sensitive detection. The detection sensitivity was effectively enhanced in the OH- concentration range of 0.01-0.025 M NaOH. The sensitivity and speed of this ME-based SSCP methodology for the rapid detection of Leu72Met point mutations makes this an attractive method for diagnosing childhood obesity in a clinical diagnostic laboratory.

Sensitivity-based Damage detection in deep water risers using modal parameters: numerical study

  • Min, Cheonhong;Kim, Hyungwoo;Yeu, Taekyeong;Hong, Sup
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.315-334
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    • 2015
  • A main goal of this study is to propose a damage detection technique to detect and localize damages of a top-tensioned riser. In this paper, the top-tensioned finite element (FE) model is considered as an analytical model of the riser, and a vibration-based damage detection method is proposed. The present method consists of a FE model updating and damage index method. In order to accomplish the goal of this study, first, a sensitivity-based FE model updating method using natural frequencies and zero frequencies is introduced. Second, natural frequencies and zero frequencies of the axial mode on the top-tensioned riser are estimated by eigenvalue analysis. Finally, the locations and severities of the damages are estimated from the damage index method. Three numerical examples are considered to verify the performance of the proposed method.

Detection and Quantification of Toxin-Producing Microcystis aeruginosa Strain in Water by NanoGene Assay

  • Lee, Eun-Hee;Cho, Kyung-Suk;Son, Ahjeong
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.808-815
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    • 2017
  • We demonstrated the quantitative detection of a toxin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) strain with the laboratory protocol of the NanoGene assay. The NanoGene assay was selected because its laboratory protocol is in the process of being transplanted into a portable system. The mcyD gene of M. aeruginosa was targeted and, as expected, its corresponding fluorescence signal was linearly proportional to the mcyD gene copy number. The sensitivity of the NanoGene assay for this purpose was validated using both dsDNA mcyD gene amplicons and genomic DNAs (gDNA). The limit of detection was determined to be 38 mcyD gene copies per reaction and 9 algal cells/ml water. The specificity of the assay was also demonstrated by the addition of gDNA extracted from environmental algae into the hybridization reaction. Detection of M. aeruginosa was performed in the environmental samples with environmentally relevant sensitivity (${\sim}10^5$ algal cells/ml) and specificity. As expected, M. aeruginosa were not detected in nonspecific environmental algal gDNA over the range of $2{\times}10^0$ to $2{\times}10^7$ algal cells/ml.

Development of Analytical Technology Using the HS-SPME-GC/FID for Monitoring Aromatic Solvents in Urine

  • Lee, Mi-Young;Chung, Yun Kyung;Shin, Kyong-Sok
    • Mass Spectrometry Letters
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.18-20
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    • 2013
  • Headspace solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (HS-SPME-GC/FID) method was compared with headspace gas chromatography/mass selective detection (HS-GC/MS). Organic solvent-spiked urine as well as urine samples from workspace was analyzed under optimal condition of each method. Detection limit of each compound by HS-SPME-GC/FID was $3.4-9.5{\mu}g/L$, which enabled trace analysis of organic solvents in urine. Linear range of each organic solvent was $10-400{\mu}g/L$, with fair correlation coefficient between 0.992 and 0.999. The detection sensitivity was 4 times better than HS-GC/MS in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Accuracy and precision was confirmed using commercial reference material, with accuracy around 90% and precision less than 4.6% of coefficient of variance. Among 48 urine samples from workplace, toluene was detected from 45 samples in the range of $20-324{\mu}g/L$, but no other solvents were found. As a method for trace analysis, SPME HS GC/FID showed high sensitivity for biological monitoring of organic solvent in urine.