• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.597-604
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• 2006

The seismic safety of the prestressed concrete containment building was evaluated by the seismic fragility analysis based on the nonlinear dynamic time-history analyses. Four kinds of earthquake ground motions were used for the seismic fragility analysis of the containment building to consider the potential earthquake hazard. The conventional seismic fragility analysis of the safety related structures in nuclear pouter plant have been performed by using the linear elastic analysis results for the seismic design. In this study, the displacement based seismic fragility analysis method was proposed.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.437-448
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• 2017

Soft or extreme soft storeys in multi-storied buildings cause localized damage (and even collapse) during strong earthquake shaking. The presence of such soft or extremely soft storey is identified through provisions of vertical stiffness irregularity in seismic design codes. Identification of the irregularity in a building requires estimation of lateral translational stiffness of each storey. Estimation of lateral translational stiffness can be an arduous task. A simple procedure is presented to estimate storey stiffness using only properties of fundamental lateral translational mode of oscillation (namely natural period and associated mode shape), which are readily available to designers at the end of analysis stage. In addition, simplified analytical expressions are provided towards identifying stiffness irregularity. Results of linear elastic time-history analyses indicate that the proposed procedure captures the irregularity in storey stiffness in both low- and mid-rise buildings.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2019

As the residual displacement and/or drift demands are commonly used for seismic assessment of buildings, the estimation of these values play a very critical role through earthquake design philosophy. The residual displacement estimation of fixed base structures has been the topic of numerous researches up to now, but the effect of soil flexibility is almost always omitted. In this study, residual displacement demands are investigated for SDOF systems with period range of 0.1-3.0 s for near-field and far-field ground motions for both fixed and interacting cases. The elastoplastic model is used to represent non-degrading structures. Based on time history analyses, a new simple yet effective equation is proposed for residual displacement demand of any system whether fixed base or interacting as a function of structural period, lateral strength ratio and spectral displacement.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2019

The goal of this paper is to explore the relationship between modern architecture and interior decoration through the study of decoration and ornament. It is noteworthy that modern architecture and interior decoration occurred at about the same time. Our analysis shows that the two are closely related to each other. That is to say, modern architecture tried to eliminate ornaments (and decorations), symbols and meanings from the built environments and to embody efficiency and rationality instead. However, in the interior of the building designed and completed by the architect, the user began to decorate his world through decoration or to refer such work to the new expert 'interior decorator'. In a word, the latter took charge of the role deserted by modern architecture.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2023

It is of great importance to assess the residual displacement demand in the performance-based seismic design. In this paper, a hybrid deep learning model for predicting the residual displacement spectra under near-fault (NF) ground motions is proposed by combining the long short-term memory network (LSTM) and back-propagation (BP) network. The model is featured by its capacity of predicting the residual displacement spectrum under a given NF ground motion while considering the effects of structural parameters. To construct this model, 315 natural and artificial NF ground motions were employed to compute the residual displacement spectra through elastoplastic time history analysis considering different structural parameters. Based on the resulted dataset with a total of 9,450 samples, the proposed model was finally trained and tested. The results show that the proposed model has a satisfactory accuracy as well as a high efficiency in predicting residual displacement spectra under given NF ground motions while considering the impacts of structural parameters.

• 복식
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2007

Fashion of one period is symbolic and figurative means of expression reflecting spirit, ideology, emotion and aesthetic values of that period. Designs of school uniforms fer girls also went through changes in various shapes along with changes in sociocultural and philosophical backgrounds in each period. Thus, in this study, in examining girls' school uniforms, how girls' school uniforms have evolved with what kind of design characteristics was observed along with process of historical changes, and investigation was made on realistic conditions of girls school uniforms since 1996 when active advancements in school uniform design were started. Also, through examination of girls' school uniform designs from homepage of large student uniform companies and catalogues, characteristics of girls' school uniforms after 1996 were observed. On the result, we could know that girl's school uniforms from 1996 to 2006 were designed in various forms compared to those of the past time and changing Arends of the era were reflected on the school uniform designs. Narrow waistline, shorter blouse, changes in the length of jacket and skirt showed that current school uniform designs pursue the fashionable and trendy designs unlike those of the past times that were uniform and strict. This study include organizing characteristics of girls' school uniform designs by each period, providing fundamental and realistic data for clothes manufacturing and marketing activities through analysis on designs of girls' school uniforms since 1996, and providing directions for future school uniform designs.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2001

1984년 맥킨토시 컴퓨터의 출현으로 타이포그래피 디자인의 환경이 디지털 환경으로 바뀐 지 아직 20년이 채 되지 않지만 타이포그래피는 역사상 어느 시기보다 빠르게 변화하여 왔다. 하루가 다르게 발전하는 디지털 기술을 바탕으로 디자인 작업에 소요되는 시간과 노력이 절감되었을 뿐 아니라 2차원의 한정된 지면에 시간과 공간 개념이 결합되면서 타이포그래피는 새로운 도전을 시도하고 있다. 그러나 한편 무분별한 디지털기술의 남용으로 독창성 부재나 수준이 떨어지는 작업들이 쏟아져 나오는 부작용도 나타나고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 기술적 혁신에 따른 타이포그래피의 변천 과정과 현황, 그리고 디지털 타이포그래피의 새로운 가능성을 실험해온 디자이너들의 작업을 통하여 급변하는 디지털 환경에서 타이포그래피가 나가야 할 발전 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 디지털 타이포그래피의 창의적인 발전은 타이포그래피의 역사적 유산을 바탕으로 최대의 장점과 가치를 계승하고 디지털매체의 기술적 특성을 살려 새로운 가능성에 대한 실험을 계속할 때 가능할 것이다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2018

In the last decades, valuable results have been reported regarding conventional passive, active, semi-active, and hybrid structural control systems on two-dimensional and a few three-dimensional shear buildings. In this research, using a three-dimensional finite element model of high-rise concrete structures, designed by performance based plastic design method, it was attempted to construct a relatively close to reality model of concrete structures equipped with Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) by considering the effect of soil-structure interaction (SSI), torsion effect, hysteresis behavior and cracking effect of concrete. In contrast to previous studies which have focused mainly on linearly designed structures, in this study, using performance-based plastic design (PBPD) design approach, nonlinear behavior of the structures was considered from the beginning of the design stage. Inelastic time history analysis on a detailed model of twenty-story concrete structure was performed under a far-field ground motion record set. The seismic responses of the structure by considering SSI effect are studied by eight main objective functions that are related to the performance of the structure, containing: lateral displacement, acceleration, inter-story drift, plastic energy dissipation, shear force, number of plastic hinges, local plastic energy and rotation of plastic hinges. The tuning problem of TMD based on tuned mass spectra is set by considering five of the eight previously described functions. Results reveal that the structural damage distribution range is retracted and inter-story drift distribution in height of the structure is more uniform. It is strongly suggested to consider the effect of SSI in structural design and analysis.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2014

This paper presents the determination of the structural system of the Changsha IFC T1 tower with 452 m in architectural height and 440.45 m in structural height. Sensitivity analyses are carried out by varying the location of belt trusses and outriggers. The enhancement of seismic capacity of the outer frame by reasonably adjusting the column size is confirmed based on parametric studies. The results from construction simulation including the non-load effect of structures demonstrate that the deformation of vertical members has little effect on the load-bearing capacity of belt trusses and outriggers. The elastoplastic time-history analysis shows that the overall structure under rare earthquake load remains in an elastic state. The influence of the frame shear ratio and frame overturning moment ratio on the proposed model and equivalent mega column model is investigated. It is found that the frame overturning moment ratio is more applicable for judging the resistance of the outer frame against lateral loads. Comparison is made on the variation of these two effects between a classical frame-core tube-outrigger structure and a structure with diagonal braces between super columns under rare earthquakes. The results indicate that plasticity development of the top core cube of the braced structure may be significantly improved.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1999

이태리는 이미 오래 전부터 귀금속에 대한 관심이 높아서 귀금속 장신구가 활성화되어 있었으며 오랜 역사와 문화를 바탕으로 한 그들의 뛰어난 예술적 감각과 귀금속 세공기술 등의 전통이 끊이지 않고 계승되어 현재의 첨단 과학기술과 조화를 이루어 더욱 발전을 하고 있다. 전 세계 귀금속 장신구의 5개 중 1개는 이태리 제품이 차지하고 있을 정도로 이태리는 어느 나라보다도 많은 금, 은, 보석장신구 등을 생산하며 연간 70억 달러 이상의 매출을 올리고 있다. 이러한 성장의 이면에는 여러 가지 요인들이 복합적으로 작용한 결과로, 단절되지 않고 대대로 내져오는 그들의 장인정신을 바탕으로 한 예술적인 수공예 위주의 일품적인 장신구와 세련되고 감각적인 디자인이 조화를 이룬 대량 생산적인 장신구를 함께 병행 발전시킨 결과이다. 최근에 들어서, 이태리 귀금속 회사들은 향상된 경영기법과 마케팅에 대한 국제적인 접근방법 등을 적극적으로 도입하고 있으며 디자이너들과 상호 밀접한 관계를 이루면서 새로운 기술 및 디자인 개발에 노력하고 있다.