• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to clarify the historical circumstances under which the Korean Pavilion was established at the 1900 Paris Exposition Universelle, and the construction process and design features of the pavilion building. At that time, even though Korea faced difficulty due to lack of experience in the world exposition and funds, Korea attempted to positively participate in the international cultural event by establishing the Korean Pavilion under an official contract with assistance of the French Government. Moreover, the Pavilion shows significant architectural features which had not been shown until then in terms of the structure and design of the pavilion building. In this connection, in this thesis, among others, the historical circumstances under which the "Korean Pavilion" was established at the 1900 Paris Exposition Universelle, and the construction process as well as the process and features of the draft design prepared at an early stage by Baron Delort de Gleon on the part of France among the above parties to the project for construction of the Korean Pavilion, which have never been addressed in the field of architecture or interior due to lack of existing data, will be clearly studied based on relevant literatures. According to analysis of the study, it reveals that the representation method for the Korean tradition of Korean Pavilion designed by Baron Delort de Gleon was based on the Chinoiserie, the style widely seen in Europe. In addition, Delort de Glean's commerce-oriented concept is integrated into the design of the Korean Pavilion as well.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1003-1016
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to reorganize any rusty image including natural modeling characteristic presented from the natural phenomenon to certain patterns in order to create the fashion design that are valued in the expansion of independently expressional area and modeling art. As a method for research, the author analyzed the concept and characteristic for rust with a base of theoretical background by the documental research and realistic consideration, analyzed its modeling characteristic through domestic and overseas pictures, and e-documents as data, inspected the modeling activities of various categories that various images were adapted related to rust, looked into the concept of Digital Textile Printing and its producing procedure as an expressional method, and analyzed the examples of modern dress and its ornament making use of Digital Textile Printing. The conclusions of this study are as below. First, the rust occurred due to the natural phenomenon is the bond with different material like metal, each unique modeling characteristic occurs and harmony of various patterns has abundant aesthetic value. Second, the author could endowed sensible characteristic and speciality with works and could produce creative fashion design that painting, abstractive pattern and harmony of unique sense of colors are significant by using the image of rust, Third, to emphasize natural feeling of rust, the author could develop creative design that simple silhouette and impressive pattern look significant by reorganizing and applying rust according to repetition, increment, rhythm, contract, emphasis and harmony. Fourth, Digital Textile Printing method is used to induce visual effect by the expression of feels of rust, and the author could express the natural patterns, delicate expression for the feels of a material and unique design of emotion.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2022

Purpose - This study aims to compare the requirements under the United Nations Convention on Contract for the International Sales of Goods (CISG) and the Korean Civil Act (KCA) regarding the buyer's right to require the delivery of substitute goods. The buyer's right to demand substitute delivery not only protect them from the seller's breach of contract but also preserves the contractual bond between the parties by providing an opportunity for sellers to protect their goodwill and circumvent the extreme remedy of avoidance. However, as substitute delivery entails additional efforts and costs for return and re-shipment, this right should not be allowed in every case of defect. Additionally, unlike the CISG, the KCA contains no specific provision related to the requirements for claiming substitute delivery. Therefore, it would be meaningful to examine and compare what requirements should be fulfilled before the buyer exercises the right in relation to non-conforming goods under the CISG and the KCA. Design/methodology - We conducted a comparative study of the requirements under the CISG and the KCA regarding the buyer's right to require delivery of substitute goods given a seller's delivery of non-conforming goods. Additionally, we referred to the opinions from the CISG Advisory Council, the draft of the KCA amendment, and related precedents, mainly focusing on the existence and severity of defects, reasonableness, and timely notice and requests as the major requirements for substitute delivery. Findings - The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, the CISG provides more detailed requirements about the right to require delivery of substitute goods; by contrast, the KCA does not stipulate any such requirement. Thus, specific requirements for substitute delivery should be included when amending the KCA. Second, the CISG attempts to minimize overlapping and conflict with other remedies by specifying detailed requirements for the delivery of substitutes. Third, both the CISG and KCA require reasonableness for substitute delivery. Originality/value - Although there are no explicit legal requirements for substitute delivery under the KCA, there has been relatively little discussion of this issue to date. Therefore, the findings of our study can guide future revisions of the KCA to fill this loophole. Moreover, the recently released CISG Advisory Council opinion that clarifies the continuing confusion and debate, can help distinguish which remedy is suitable for a particular case. It may provide practical advice for businesspeople in international trade as well as legal implications for the future development of the KCA.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2013

Weak competencies in urban local bodies (ULBs) for implementing public private partnership (PPP) projects has been recognized as a major hurdle in uptake of PPP model in India. In this context, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate perception of urban PPP experts and ULB representatives on three aspects related to competency development, including, critical competencies for implementing urban PPP projects, approaches for competency development in ULBs and constraints faced by ULBs in development of competencies. The five critical competencies identified are project identification, project conceptualization, transaction design, PPP process management and contract management. The approach of training programs for municipal staff and elected representatives, and capacity building oriented technical assistance for implementing urban PPP projects have been preferred by survey respondents for competency development. The frequent transfer of municipal decision makers and low motivation among municipal staff have been identified as the most significant constraints for development of competencies.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2012

Purpose - This study aims to suggest policy directions for small retail markets in Korea by statistical analysis, which would help small retailers who are facing various difficulties. Research design, data, methodology - This study diagnoses the problems faced by small retail industries in Korea based on government statistics. In addition, this study identifies three areas for successful collaboration between the SSMs and traditional markets-information distribution, products, and fair trade. Results - This study makes three recommendations-information distribution, products, and fair trade. This includes activation of the existing mutual collaboration efforts, channels, CSR report writing and publicity, ethical management cooperation seminars, contract systems of no return, establishment of staff outsourcing standards, and support for suppliers' organizations. Conclusions - Our suggestions for a collaborative system (based on the three suggestions) show that collaboration rather than confrontation between large and small markets can lead to a sales increase of 2,258.2 billion Won, which is equivalent to the sales loss in 11 traditional markets in one year in Busan.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2019년도 제60차 하계학술대회논문집 27권2호
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• pp.357-358
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a donation game platform using blockchain to revitalize the shrinking donation market. The platform is designed to ensure transparency and user reliability in the use of ethereum's smart-track function and to attract interest from donors and encourage continued donations by introducing games into the donation process through donor organizations to address the opaque nature of the donation and use of the funds and the result of the donation portfolio. It also develops a donation ecosystem that benefits donors, donors and sponsor companies alike by platforming them.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.188-195
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• 2022

Although issuing change orders is a common practice in the construction phase of any project, non-structural utility subcontractors are struggling and seek to find a way to reduce change orders. Therefore, this paper presents the analysis results on change orders to cultivate possible suggestions and solutions on how to reduce or minimize change orders in mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) works. Change orders in non-structural utility works are analyzed based on six categories such as rerouting and change of location, changes in weight, rejected design by Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development, District Structural Engineer, or the Structural Engineer of Record, unforeseen conditions, changed equipment, and owner-initiated change. The analysis findings showed that rerouting and changing location is the most significant cause, followed by unforeseen conditions. The results not only contribute to the existing body of knowledge on change order research area, but also help MEP contractors reduce the time and cost of change orders.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.365-366
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to prevent dispute due to change orders in construction projects and to handle change orders smoothly. For this purpose, this study analyzed arbitration cases caused by change order handled by the Korea Commercial Arbitration Board. Based on this, dispute factors were analyzed and change order management factors and management plans were presented. Change order management factors were derived from responsibility, contract, design, process, construction cost, and schedule management, and a detailed management plan according to the relevant factor was presented.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2021

머신러닝의 한 종류인 딥러닝은 각 학습 과정을 진행할 때, 가중치를 변경하면서 학습을 수행한다. 딥러닝을 수행할때 대표적으로 사용되는 Tensor Flow나 Keras의 경우 학습이 종료된 결과를 그래프 형태로 제공한다. 이에 과다학습으로 인한 퇴화 현상 또는 가중치의 잘못된 설정으로 인해 학습 결과에 오류가 발생하는 경우, 해당 학습 결과를 폐기해야한다. 이에 기존 기술은 학습 결과를 롤백하는 기능을 제공하고 있지만, 롤백 기능은 최대 5회 이내의 결과로 제한된다. 또한, 딥러닝의 모든 과정을 기록하고 있는 것이 아니기 때문에 값을 추적하기 어렵다. 이를 해결하기 위해 MLOps의 개념을 적용한 기술이 존재하지만. 해당 기술에서는 이전 시점으로 롤백하는 기능을 제공하지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 기존 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 학습 과정의 중간 값을 블록체인으로 관리하여 학습 중간 과정을 기록하고, 오류가 발생할 경우 롤백할 수 있는 시스템을 구성한다. 블록체인의 기능 수행을 위해서 딥러닝 과정 및 학습 결과 롤백은 Smart Contract를 작성하여 동작하도록 설계하였다. 성능평가는 기존의 딥러닝 방식의 롤백 기능을 평가하였을 때, 제안방식은 100%의 복구율을 가지는 것에 비교하여 기존 기법에서는 6회 이후에 복구율이 감소되어 50회일 때 10%까지 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 이더리움 블록체인의 Smart Contract를 사용할 때, 블록 1회 생성 시 157만원의 금액이 지속적으로 소모되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2008

The need for total enterprise management that covers from accepting orders, design, cost, procurement, manufacture, and delivery has been recently raised in order for efficient project management of small and medium size plant construction enterprises. This trend is reflected in the introduction of EPM(Enterprise Project Management) solutions by some shipbuilding enterprises and large construction corporations. In step with the trend, small and medium size plant construction enterprises are enabled to provide knowledge base in terms of reducing cost and production period and managing portfolio for accepting orders and attaining contract by inducing customized EPM This study presents a design of customized EPM based on a case study of a company. It exhibits a collaborative/collaboration resource-supply model which can be universally applied to small and medium size job-order production enterprises. The research discusses that under the assumption that information is shared internally between departments on planning, supply, manufacture, and quality control in order to create collaborative environment and close participation is created externally between suppliers and orderers, productivity can be improved in cost reduction through planning efficient collaborative supply model.