• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.5 no.2_3
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• pp.193-202
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• 2005

This paper describes recent developments in composite construction and their effect on codified design procedures in the UK. Areas of particular interest include: rules on shear connection, design of beams with web openings, serviceability limits, such as floor vibrations, and fire safe design. The design of cellular beams with regular circular openings now includes generalized rules for web-post buckling, and for the development of in-plane moment in the web-post for asymmetric sections. Closed solutions for the maximum shear force due to limits on web-post bending or buckling are presented. The fire resistance of cellular beams is also dependent on the temperature of the web-post, and for closely spaced openings. It is necessary to increase the thickness of fire protection to the web. For serviceability design of beams, deflection limits and natural frequency and response factor for vibration are presented. It may be necessary to use stricter limits for certain applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.22-33
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• 1997

This paper describes a research work of developing a computer-aided design of blanking and piercing for stator and rotor parts. Based on knowledge-based rules, the die design system, STRTDES2, is designed by considering several factors, such as complexities of blank geometry and punch profile, and availability of press equipment and standard parts. Therefore this system can carry out a die design for each process which is obtained from the result of an automated process planning system, STRTDES1 and generate part drawing and the assembly drawing of die set in graphic forms. Knowledges for die layout are extracted from plasticity theories, relevant references and empirical know-hows of experts in blanking industries.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2004

It is a fuzzy controller that it is the most used method in the control of non-linear system. The most important part in the fuzzy controller is a design of fuzzy rules. Many algorithm that design fuzzy rules have proposed. And attention to the evolutionary computation is increasing in the recent days. Among them, the co-evolutionary algorithm is used in the design of optimal fuzzy rule. This paper takes advantage of a schema co-evolutionary algorithm. In order to verify the efficiency of the schema co-evolutionary algorithm, a fuzzy controller for the mobile robot control is designed by the schema co-evolutionary algorithm and it is compared with other parasitic co-evolutionary algorithm such as a virus-evolutionary genetic algorithm and a co-evolutionary method of Handa.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.107-118
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• 2002

This paper deals with an automated computer-aided process planning and die design system by which designer can determine operation sequences even if they have a little experience in process planning and die design of quasi-axisymmetric cold forging product by cold former working. The approach to the system is based on knowledge-based rules and a process knowledge base consisting of design rules is built. Knowledge for the system is formulated from plasticity theories, empirical results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. Programs for the system have been written in AutoLISP for the AutoCAD using a personal computer. An attempt is made to link programs incorporating a number of expert design rules with the process variables obtained by commercial FEM softwares, DEFORM and ANSYS, to form a useful package. The system is composed of three main modules and five sub-modules. The process planning and die design module considers several factors, such as the complexities of preform geometry, punch and die profiles, specifications of available cold farmer, and the availability of standard parts. As the system using 2D geometry recognition is integrated with the technology of process planning, die design, and CAE analysis, the standardization of die parts for wheel bolt requiring cold forging process is possible. The developed system makes it possible to design and manufacture quasi-axisymmetric cold forging product more efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 2003

This paper deals with an automated computer-aided process planning and die design system with which designer can determine operation sequences even after only a little experience in process planning and die design of multi former-bolt products by multi-stage former working. The approach is based on knowledge-based rules, and a process knowledge base consisting of design rules is built. Knowledge fur the system is formulated from plasticity theories, empirical results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. Programs for the system have been written in AutoLISP for AutoCAD with a personal computer. An attempt is made to link programs incorporating a number of expert design rules with the process variables obtained by commercial FEM softwares, DEFORM and ANSYS, to form a useful package. The system is composed of four main modules. The process planning and die design module considers several factors, such as the complexities of preform geometry, punch and die profiles, specifications of available multi former, and the availability of standard parts. It can provide a flexible process based on either the reduction in the number of forming sequences by combining the possible two processes in sequence, or the reduction of deviation of the distribution and the level of the required forming loads by controlling the forming ratios. The system uses 2D geometry recognition and is integrated with the technology of process planning, die design, and CAE analysis. The standardization of die parts for multi former-bolt products requiring a cold forging process is described. The system developed makes it possible to design and manufacture multi former-bolt products more efficiently.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.8B
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• pp.745-756
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• 2006

The general packet filtering system using TCAM has some limitations such as range and negation rules filtering, so this paper proposes efficient searching schemes than existing methods. CRG(Converting Range rules using Gray code) algorithm, in the case of range rules, that takes advantage of the gray code and TCAM characteristics to save a number of TCAM entries is proposed, and a nTCAM(TCAM with negation) architecture for negation rules is proposed, implemented using a FPGA design tool, and verified through the wave simulation. According to the simulation with the SNORT rules, the CRG algorithm and nTCAM save TCAM entries about 93% in IPv4 and 98% in IPv6 than the existing method.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.54
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• pp.235-260
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• 2012

The CMI Rules for Electronic Bills of Lading were based on sound principles that are now reflected in the provisions of the Rotterdam Rules, which provide for the use of electronic equivalents to bills of lading. Services involving bills of lading which exist in electronic form for at least part of their lives, and which use encryption to guarantee integrity and security of these electronic records, are already being offered by a number of carriers, among them APL. The relative success of APL's system demonstrates that the use of a system which embodies the basic ideas and processes underlying the CMI Rules could easily become a practical reality in the near future. The basic principles in the CMI Rules and the Rotterdam Rules adopt a minimum requirements approach and does not flesh out the details of procedures for the use of electronic bills. This is an improvement, as it allows adaptability to future technological developments. Successful electronic bill of lading systems can only be developed in response to customer demand, and carriers are in the best position to gauge this and design systems to cater for it. APL has demonstrated this by creating a system which is tailor-made to its customers' requirements. The CMI Rules were correct in their assumption that electronic bill of lading services should be provided by carriers. They also seem to have anticipated that the switch to the electronic medium would not be sudden and complete, but would require a gradual phasing out of paper documents over a long period of time.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.249-276
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• 2019

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a prediction model and decision rules for the elderly's suicidal ideation based on the Korean Welfare Panel survey data. By utilizing this data, we obtained many decision rules to predict the elderly's suicide ideation. Design/methodology/approach This study used classification analysis to derive decision rules to predict on the basis of decision tree technique. Weka 3.8 is used as the data mining tool in this study. The decision tree algorithm uses J48, also known as C4.5. In addition, 66.6% of the total data was divided into learning data and verification data. We considered all possible variables based on previous studies in predicting suicidal ideation of the elderly. Finally, 99 variables including the target variable were used. Classification analysis was performed by introducing sampling technique through backward elimination and data balancing. Findings As a result, there were significant differences between the data sets. The selected data sets have different, various decision tree and several rules. Based on the decision tree method, we derived the rules for suicide prevention. The decision tree derives not only the rules for the suicidal ideation of the depressed group, but also the rules for the suicidal ideation of the non-depressed group. In addition, in developing the predictive model, the problem of over-fitting due to the data imbalance phenomenon was directly identified through the application of data balancing. We could conclude that it is necessary to balance the data on the target variables in order to perform the correct classification analysis without over-fitting. In addition, although data balancing is applied, it is shown that performance is not inferior in prediction rate when compared with a biased prediction model.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.39-45
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• 2006

In game developments, the design results are often modified not only in the design phase but also in the implementation and test phases. The results of game design are consisted of the results of game rule design and the results of game contend design. The results of game rule design should be correctly understood to all the participants, be efficiently managed by the given configuration controls, and be accurately verified. In this study, we carry out a survey of representation methods of game rules in game design. We have the comparison analysis of the written representation, the UML representation, the Petri net representation, and script-language representation methods about the suitability of the representation method for game rule designs. The comparison analysis is about the representation scope, the visual representation, the automated verification, and the configuration management. The analysis results show that the UML representation is the best method but it needs more convenient automated verification method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.825-839
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• 2017

Generative Art (also called as the art of the algorithm) creates unexpected results, moving autonomously according to rules or algorithms. The evolution of digital media in art, which tries to seek novelty, increases the possibility of new artistic fields; subsequently, this study establishes the basis for new design approaches by analyzing visual cases of Generative Art that have emerged since the 20th century and characteristics expressed on fashion. For the methodology, the study analyzes fashion designs that have emerged since 2000, based on theoretical research that includes literature and research papers relating to Generative Art. According to the study, expression characteristics shown in fashion, based on visual properties of Generative Art, are as follows. First, abstract randomness is expressed with unexpected coincidental forms using movements of a creator and properties of materials as variables in accordance to rules or algorithms. Second, endlessly repeated pattern imitation expresses an emergent shape by endless repetition created by a modular system using rules or 3D printing using a computer algorithm. Third, the systematic variability expresses constantly changing images with a combination of system and digital media by a wearing method. It is expected that design by algorithm becomes a significant method in producing other creative ideas and expressions in modern fashion.