• Title/Summary/Keyword: Design of System

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The Electrochemical Chlorination for Marine Plankton Community Disinfection (해양 플랑크톤 군집의 전기분해 염소소독 효과)

  • Kang, Jung-Hoon;Shin, Kyoung-Soon;Hyun, Bong-Gil;Jang, Min-Chul;Kim, Eun-Chan;Chang, Man
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.127-137
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    • 2007
  • To confirm whether or not the Electrochemical Disinfection System (EDS) meet with the D-2 regulation established by IMO (International Maritime Organization), the biological treatment efficacy of the EDS was assessed using three groups of natural marine plankton (bacteria, $10-50\;{\mu}m$ and $>50\;{\mu}m$ sized organisms). Influent water was passed through the EDS under the flow velocity ($23.8\;m^3/hr$) and test design was consisted of control (no treatment) and experimental (10 ppm and 30 ppm) condition for total residual chlorine (TRC). And the biological condition of the influent water followed the standards established by the guidelines for the approval of ballast water management systems. The disinfection efficacy of the $10-50\;{\mu}m$ sized organisms (phytoplankton) was assessed by three kinds of measurements using photomicroscope, epifluorescence microscope and fluorometer (fumer Designs 10-AU). After being passed through the EDS, all motile phytoplankton lost their motility under photomicroscope, the colour of chlorophyll fluorescence fumed from red into green under epifluorescence, and the high chlorophyll fluorescence (Expt. 1: 6.95, Expt. 2: 7.11) detected by fluorometer decreased into value not detected. These results indicated phytoplankton community was totally killed after electrochemical disinfection treatment. Survivorship of the larger organisms than $50\;{\mu}m$ was determined based on the appendage's movement under a stereomicroscope. Natural assemblage collected from ambient seawater was killed shortly after being passed through the EDS, whereas some Artemia remained alive. However, no live Artemia was found after 24 hour further exposure to each TRC concentration (10 and 30 ppm) under darkness. After electrochemical treatment, the target bacteria such as aerobes, coliform and Escherichia coli were completely killed on the basis of CFU (colony forming unit) on Petrifilm plate ($3\;M^{TM}$) after 48 hr incubation. Moreover, no regrowth was found in the three groups of plankton during five days under additional exposure to the treated water. These results indicated that the disinfection efficiency of the EDS on the three groups of plankton satisfy D-2 regulation.

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Expression of Serotonin(5-HT) Receptor Isotypes in Reproductive Organs of Male Rat (수컷 흰쥐 생식기관에서의 세로토닌 수용체 아형 유전자 발현)

  • 이성호
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.111-115
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    • 2002
  • 5-Hydroxytryptamine(5-HT; serotonin) system has been implicated in the modulation of male sexual behaviors and the secretion of reproductive hormones. In human males, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors(SSRIs) are known to improve the major male sexual dysfunction, premature ejaculation, through the central nervous system-mediated pathways. As numerous hormone and local factors, 5-HT may have peripheral role in the regulation of male sexual function. The expression of 5-HT receptor subtypes in the target tissue, however, has not been explored yet. The present study was undertaken to test whether the 5-HT receptor subtypes are expressed in the reproductive tissues of male rat, especially in ejaculatory machinery such as seminal vesicle and vas deferens. To do this, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Southern blot analysis were employed. The transcripts for the 1A, 1B and 2C subtypes of 5-HT receptor were amplified in all the tested tissues. The present study demonstrated the expression of 5-HT receptor in the rat ejaculatory machinery, suggesting that 5-HT may play a pivotal role in the male sexual function via not only central pathway but also peripheral route. Further study on the receptor subtype-specific effect and their harmonized mode of action will be needed to establish the understanding of ejaculation mechanism and drug design.

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AN ORBIT PROPAGATION SOFTWARE FOR MARS ORBITING SPACECRAFT (화성 근접 탐사를 위한 우주선의 궤도전파 소프트웨어)

  • Song, Young-Joo;Park, Eun-Seo;Yoo, Sung-Moon;Park, Sang-Young;Choi, Kyu-Hong;Yoon, Jae-Cheol;Yim, Jo-Ryeong;Kim, Han-Dol;Choi, Jun-Min;Kim, Hak-Jung;Kim, Byung-Kyo
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.351-360
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    • 2004
  • An orbit propagation software for the Mars orbiting spacecraft has been developed and verified in preparations for the future Korean Mars missions. Dynamic model for Mars orbiting spacecraft has been studied, and Mars centered coordinate systems are utilized to express spacecraft state vectors. Coordinate corrections to the Mars centered coordinate system have been made to adjust the effects caused by Mars precession and nutation. After spacecraft enters Sphere of Influence (SOI) of the Mars, the spacecraft experiences various perturbation effects as it approaches to Mars. Every possible perturbation effect is considered during integrations of spacecraft state vectors. The Mars50c gravity field model and the Mars-GRAM 2001 model are used to compute perturbation effects due to Mars gravity field and Mars atmospheric drag, respectively. To compute exact locations of other planets, JPL's DE405 ephemerides are used. Phobos and Deimos's ephemeris are computed using analytical method because their informations are not released with DE405. Mars Global Surveyor's mapping orbital data are used to verify the developed propagator performances. After one Martian day propagation (12 orbital periods), the results show about maximum ${\pm}5$ meter errors, in every position state components(radial, cross-track and along-track), when compared to these from the Astrogator propagation in the Satellite Tool Kit. This result shows high reliability of the developed software which can be used to design near Mars missions for Korea, in future.

A Study of the Curriculum Design Modelling Focused on the Combination of National Competency Standards and the Already-Accredited Course in the Department of Social Welfare in the Junior College (과정이수형 자격제도 운영 학과의 NCS 기반 교육과정 설계모형 연구 - 전문대학 사회복지과를 중심으로)

  • Park, Yong Woon;Kim, Kyoung Mee;Yoo, Tae Wan
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.652-665
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    • 2016
  • National Competency Standards or NCS is an educational system that emphasizes developing job-related abilities. Therefore it will be an effective solution in training field-oriented work forces if properly applied. However, in the department of social welfare, it is not easy to apply NCS to the curriculum since most academic subjects concerning social welfare focus not on practice but on theory and in addition, most of social welfare departments in junior colleges have an accredited curriculum for the 2nd degree of the social worker qualification. This means it is preposterous if NCS is applied to the curriculum without prior changes in the existing qualification system. So, this paper proposes a draft model to apply NCS to the already-accredited curriculum for the 2nd degree social workers in the junior colleges and details are as follows. Firstly, the competency units will be customized for the existing academic subjects in the curriculum rather than developing new subjects in accordance with NCS competency units. Secondly, some client-related competency units including children, seniors, the disabled are newly developed and then applied to the curriculum, which are crucial for the career development at the junior college level. Thirdly, the competency units are categorized into three types in accordance with the degree of job relevancy - type 1, type 2, type 3. Fourthly, four out of 11 basic job abilities are selected and then developed into academic subjects. Fifthly, all competency units concerning the main job market are regarded as one virtual competency unit and then arranged in the order of type 1s, type 2s and type 3s and then the scope of their study is adjusted to the job abilities required at the main job market.

A Study on Implementation and Performance of the Power Control High Power Amplifier for Satellite Mobile Communication System (위성통신용 전력제어 고출력증폭기의 구현 및 성능평가에 관한 연구)

  • 전중성;김동일;배정철
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.77-88
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, the 3-mode variable gain high power amplifier for a transmitter of INMARSAT-B operating at L-band(1626.5-1646.5 MHz) was developed. This SSPA can amplify 42 dBm in high power mode, 38 dBm in medium power mode and 36 dBm in low power mode for INMARSAT-B. The allowable errol sets +1 dBm as the upper limit and -2 dBm as the lower limit, respectively. To simplify the fabrication process, the whole system is designed by two parts composed of a driving amplifier and a high power amplifier. The HP's MGA-64135 and Motorola's MRF-6401 were used for driving amplifier, and the ERICSSON's PTE-10114 and PTF-10021 for the high power amplifier. The SSPA was fabricated by the RP circuits, the temperature compensation circuits and 3-mode variable gain control circuits and 20 dB parallel coupled-line directional coupler in aluminum housing. In addition, the gain control method was proposed by digital attenuator for 3-mode amplifier. Then il has been experimentally verified that the gain is controlled for single tone signal as well as two tone signals. In this case, the SSPA detects the output power by 20 dB parallel coupled-line directional coupler and phase non-splitter amplifier. The realized SSPA has 41.6 dB, 37.6 dB and 33.2 dB for small signal gain within 20 MHz bandwidth, and the VSWR of input and output port is less than 1.3:1. The minimum value of the 1 dB compression point gets more than 12 dBm for 3-mode variable gain high power amplifier. A typical two tone intermodulation point has 36.5 dBc maximum which is single carrier backed off 3 dB from 1 dB compression point. The maximum output power of 43 dBm was achieved at the 1636.5 MHz. These results reveal a high power of 20 Watt, which was the design target.

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Automated-Database Tuning System With Knowledge-based Reasoning Engine (지식 기반 추론 엔진을 이용한 자동화된 데이터베이스 튜닝 시스템)

  • Gang, Seung-Seok;Lee, Dong-Joo;Jeong, Ok-Ran;Lee, Sang-Goo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2007.06a
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    • pp.17-18
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    • 2007
  • 데이터베이스 튜닝은 일반적으로 데이터베이스 어플리케이션을 "좀 더 빠르게" 실행하게 하는 일련의 활동을 뜻한다[1]. 데이터베이스 관리자가 튜닝에 필요한 주먹구구식 룰(Rule of thumb)들을 모두 파악 하고 상황에 맞추어 적용하는 것은 비싼 비용과 오랜 시간을 요구한다. 그렇게 때문에 서로 다른 어플 리케이션들이 맞물려 있는 복잡한 서비스는 필수적으로 자동화된 데이터베이스 성능 관리와 튜닝을 필 요로 한다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위하여 지식 도매인(Knowledge Domain)을 기초로 한 자동화 된 데이터베이스 튜닝 원칙(Tuning Principle)을 제시하는 시스템을 제안한다. 각각의 데이터베이스 튜닝 이론들은 지식 도매인의 지식으로 활용되며, 성능에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 개체(Object)와 콘셉트 (Concept)로 구성하고 추론 시스템을 통해 튜닝 원칙을 추론하여 쉽고 빠르게 현재 상황에 맞는 튜닝 방법론을 적용시킬 수 있다. 자동화된 데이터베이스 튜닝에 대해 여러 분야에 걸쳐 학문적인 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 그 예로써 Microsoft의 AutoAdmin Project[2], Oracle의 SQL 튜닝 아키텍처[3], COLT[4], DBA Companion[5], SQUASH[6] 등을 들 수 있다. 이러한 최적화 기법들을 각각의 기능적인 방법론에 따라 다시 분류하면 크게 Design Tuning, Logical Structure Tuning, Sentence Tuning, SQL Tuning, Server Tuning, System/Network Tuning으로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 이 중 SQL Tuning 등은 수치적으로 결정되어 이미 존재하는 정보를 이용하기 때문에 구조화된 모델로 표현하기 쉽고 사용자의 다양한 요구에 의해 변화하는 조건들을 수용하기 쉽기 때문에 이에 중점을 두고 성능 문제를 해결하는 데 초점을 맞추었다. 데이터베이스 시스템의 일련의 처리 과정에 따라 DBMS를 구성하는 개체들과 속성, 그리고 연관 관계들이 모델링된다. 데이터베이스 시스템은 Application / Query / DBMS Level의 3개 레벨에 따라 구조화되며, 본 논문에서는 개체, 속성, 연관 관계 및 데이터베이스 튜닝에 사용되는 Rule of thumb들을 분석하여 튜닝 원칙을 포함한 지식의 형태로 변환하였다. 튜닝 원칙은 데이터베이스 시스템에서 발생하는 문제를 해결할 수 있게 하는 일종의 황금률로써 지식 도매인의 바탕이 되는 사실(Fact)과 룰(Rule) 로써 표현된다. Fact는 모델링된 시스템을 지식 도매인의 하나의 지식 개체로 표현하는 방식이고, Rule 은 Fact에 기반을 두어 튜닝 원칙을 지식의 형태로 표현한 것이다. Rule은 다시 시스템 모델링을 통해 사전에 정의되는 Rule와 튜닝 원칙을 추론하기 위해 사용되는 Rule의 두 가지 타업으로 나뉘며, 대부분의 Rule은 입력되는 값에 따라 다른 솔루션을 취하게 하는 분기의 역할을 수행한다. 사용자는 제한적으로 자동 생성된 Fact와 Rule을 통해 튜닝 원칙을 추론하여 데이터베이스 시스템에 적용할 수 있으며, 요구나 필요에 따라 GUI를 통해 상황에 맞는 Fact와 Rule을 수동으로 추가할 수도 었다. 지식 도매인에서 튜닝 원칙을 추론하기 위해 JAVA 기반의 추론 엔진인 JESS가 사용된다. JESS는 스크립트 언어를 사용하는 전문가 시스템[7]으로 선언적 룰(Declarative Rule)을 이용하여 지식을 표현 하고 추론을 수행하는 추론 엔진의 한 종류이다. JESS의 지식 표현 방식은 튜닝 원칙을 쉽게 표현하고 수용할 수 있는 구조를 가지고 있으며 작은 크기와 빠른 추론 성능을 가지기 때문에 실시간으로 처리 되는 어플리케이션 튜닝에 적합하다. 지식 기반 모률의 가장 큰 역할은 주어진 데이터베이스 시스템의 모델을 통하여 필요한 새로운 지식을 생성하고 저장하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 Fact와 Rule은 지식 표현 의 기본 단위인 트리플(Triple)의 형태로 표현된다, 트리플은 Subject, Property, Object의 3가지 요소로 구성되며, 대부분의 Fact와 Rule들은 트리플의 기본 형태 또는 트리플의 조합으로 이루어진 C Condition과 Action의 두 부분의 결합으로 구성된다. 이와 같이 데이터베이스 시스템 모델의 개체들과 속성, 그리고 연관 관계들을 표현함으로써 지식들이 추론 엔진의 Fact와 Rule로 기능할 수 있다. 본 시스템에서는 이를 구현 및 실험하기 위하여 웹 기반 서버-클라이언트 시스템을 가정하였다. 서버는 Process Controller, Parser, Rule Database, JESS Reasoning Engine으로 구성 되 어 있으며, 클라이 언트는 Rule Manager Interface와 Result Viewer로 구성되어 었다. 실험을 통해 얻어지는 튜닝 원칙 적용 전후의 실행 시간 측정 등 데이터베이스 시스템 성능 척도를 비교함으로써 시스템의 효용을 판단하였으며, 실험 결과 적용 전에 비하여 튜닝 원칙을 적용한 경우 최대 1초 미만의 전처리에 따른 부하 시간 추가와 최소 약 1.5배에서 최대 약 3배까지의 처리 시간 개선을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 시스템은 튜닝 원칙을 자동으로 생성하고 지식 형태로 변형시킴으로써 새로운 튜닝 원칙을 파생하여 제공하고, 성능에 영향을 미치는 요소와 함께 직접 Fact과 Rule을 추가함으로써 커스터마이정된 튜닝을 수행할 수 있게 하는 장점을 가진다. 추후 쿼리 자체의 튜닝 및 인텍스 최적화 등의 프로세스 자동화와 Rule을 효율적으로 정의하고 추가하는 방법 그리고 시스템 모델링을 효과적으로 구성하는 방법에 대한 연구를 통해 본 연구를 더욱 개선시킬 수 있을 것이다.

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Measuring the Public Service Quality Using Process Mining: Focusing on N City's Building Licensing Complaint Service (프로세스 마이닝을 이용한 공공서비스의 품질 측정: N시의 건축 인허가 민원 서비스를 중심으로)

  • Lee, Jung Seung
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.35-52
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    • 2019
  • As public services are provided in various forms, including e-government, the level of public demand for public service quality is increasing. Although continuous measurement and improvement of the quality of public services is needed to improve the quality of public services, traditional surveys are costly and time-consuming and have limitations. Therefore, there is a need for an analytical technique that can measure the quality of public services quickly and accurately at any time based on the data generated from public services. In this study, we analyzed the quality of public services based on data using process mining techniques for civil licensing services in N city. It is because the N city's building license complaint service can secure data necessary for analysis and can be spread to other institutions through public service quality management. This study conducted process mining on a total of 3678 building license complaint services in N city for two years from January 2014, and identified process maps and departments with high frequency and long processing time. According to the analysis results, there was a case where a department was crowded or relatively few at a certain point in time. In addition, there was a reasonable doubt that the increase in the number of complaints would increase the time required to complete the complaints. According to the analysis results, the time required to complete the complaint was varied from the same day to a year and 146 days. The cumulative frequency of the top four departments of the Sewage Treatment Division, the Waterworks Division, the Urban Design Division, and the Green Growth Division exceeded 50% and the cumulative frequency of the top nine departments exceeded 70%. Higher departments were limited and there was a great deal of unbalanced load among departments. Most complaint services have a variety of different patterns of processes. Research shows that the number of 'complementary' decisions has the greatest impact on the length of a complaint. This is interpreted as a lengthy period until the completion of the entire complaint is required because the 'complement' decision requires a physical period in which the complainant supplements and submits the documents again. In order to solve these problems, it is possible to drastically reduce the overall processing time of the complaints by preparing thoroughly before the filing of the complaints or in the preparation of the complaints, or the 'complementary' decision of other complaints. By clarifying and disclosing the cause and solution of one of the important data in the system, it helps the complainant to prepare in advance and convinces that the documents prepared by the public information will be passed. The transparency of complaints can be sufficiently predictable. Documents prepared by pre-disclosed information are likely to be processed without problems, which not only shortens the processing period but also improves work efficiency by eliminating the need for renegotiation or multiple tasks from the point of view of the processor. The results of this study can be used to find departments with high burdens of civil complaints at certain points of time and to flexibly manage the workforce allocation between departments. In addition, as a result of analyzing the pattern of the departments participating in the consultation by the characteristics of the complaints, it is possible to use it for automation or recommendation when requesting the consultation department. In addition, by using various data generated during the complaint process and using machine learning techniques, the pattern of the complaint process can be found. It can be used for automation / intelligence of civil complaint processing by making this algorithm and applying it to the system. This study is expected to be used to suggest future public service quality improvement through process mining analysis on civil service.

Analyzing the User Intention of Booth Recommender System in Smart Exhibition Environment (스마트 전시환경에서 부스 추천시스템의 사용자 의도에 관한 조사연구)

  • Choi, Jae Ho;Xiang, Jun-Yong;Moon, Hyun Sil;Choi, Il Young;Kim, Jae Kyeong
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.153-169
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    • 2012
  • Exhibitions have played a key role of effective marketing activity which directly informs services and products to current and potential customers. Through participating in exhibitions, exhibitors have got the opportunity to make face-to-face contact so that they can secure the market share and improve their corporate images. According to this economic importance of exhibitions, show organizers try to adopt a new IT technology for improving their performance, and researchers have also studied services which can improve the satisfaction of visitors through analyzing visit patterns of visitors. Especially, as smart technologies make them monitor activities of visitors in real-time, they have considered booth recommender systems which infer preference of visitors and recommender proper service to them like on-line environment. However, while there are many studies which can improve their performance in the side of new technological development, they have not considered the choice factor of visitors for booth recommender systems. That is, studies for factors which can influence the development direction and effective diffusion of these systems are insufficient. Most of prior studies for the acceptance of new technologies and the continuous intention of use have adopted Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM). Booth recommender systems may not be new technology because they are similar with commercial recommender systems such as book recommender systems, in the smart exhibition environment, they can be considered new technology. However, for considering the smart exhibition environment beyond TAM, measurements for the intention of reuse should focus on how booth recommender systems can provide correct information to visitors. In this study, through literature reviews, we draw factors which can influence the satisfaction and reuse intention of visitors for booth recommender systems, and design a model to forecast adaptation of visitors for booth recommendation in the exhibition environment. For these purposes, we conduct a survey for visitors who attended DMC Culture Open in November 2011 and experienced booth recommender systems using own smart phone, and examine hypothesis by regression analysis. As a result, factors which can influence the satisfaction of visitors for booth recommender systems are the effectiveness, perceived ease of use, argument quality, serendipity, and so on. Moreover, the satisfaction for booth recommender systems has a positive relationship with the development of reuse intention. For these results, we have some insights for booth recommender systems in the smart exhibition environment. First, this study gives shape to important factors which are considered when they establish strategies which induce visitors to consistently use booth recommender systems. Recently, although show organizers try to improve their performances using new IT technologies, their visitors have not felt the satisfaction from these efforts. At this point, this study can help them to provide services which can improve the satisfaction of visitors and make them last relationship with visitors. On the other hands, this study suggests that they managers along the using time of booth recommender systems. For example, in the early stage of the adoption, they should focus on the argument quality, perceived ease of use, and serendipity, so that improve the acceptance of booth recommender systems. After these stages, they should bridge the differences between expectation and perception for booth recommender systems, and lead continuous uses of visitors. However, this study has some limitations. We only use four factors which can influence the satisfaction of visitors. Therefore, we should development our model to consider important additional factors. And the exhibition in our experiments has small number of booths so that visitors may not need to booth recommender systems. In the future study, we will conduct experiments in the exhibition environment which has a larger scale.

A Study on Ontology and Topic Modeling-based Multi-dimensional Knowledge Map Services (온톨로지와 토픽모델링 기반 다차원 연계 지식맵 서비스 연구)

  • Jeong, Hanjo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.79-92
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    • 2015
  • Knowledge map is widely used to represent knowledge in many domains. This paper presents a method of integrating the national R&D data and assists of users to navigate the integrated data via using a knowledge map service. The knowledge map service is built by using a lightweight ontology and a topic modeling method. The national R&D data is integrated with the research project as its center, i.e., the other R&D data such as research papers, patents, and reports are connected with the research project as its outputs. The lightweight ontology is used to represent the simple relationships between the integrated data such as project-outputs relationships, document-author relationships, and document-topic relationships. Knowledge map enables us to infer further relationships such as co-author and co-topic relationships. To extract the relationships between the integrated data, a Relational Data-to-Triples transformer is implemented. Also, a topic modeling approach is introduced to extract the document-topic relationships. A triple store is used to manage and process the ontology data while preserving the network characteristics of knowledge map service. Knowledge map can be divided into two types: one is a knowledge map used in the area of knowledge management to store, manage and process the organizations' data as knowledge, the other is a knowledge map for analyzing and representing knowledge extracted from the science & technology documents. This research focuses on the latter one. In this research, a knowledge map service is introduced for integrating the national R&D data obtained from National Digital Science Library (NDSL) and National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS), which are two major repository and service of national R&D data servicing in Korea. A lightweight ontology is used to design and build a knowledge map. Using the lightweight ontology enables us to represent and process knowledge as a simple network and it fits in with the knowledge navigation and visualization characteristics of the knowledge map. The lightweight ontology is used to represent the entities and their relationships in the knowledge maps, and an ontology repository is created to store and process the ontology. In the ontologies, researchers are implicitly connected by the national R&D data as the author relationships and the performer relationships. A knowledge map for displaying researchers' network is created, and the researchers' network is created by the co-authoring relationships of the national R&D documents and the co-participation relationships of the national R&D projects. To sum up, a knowledge map-service system based on topic modeling and ontology is introduced for processing knowledge about the national R&D data such as research projects, papers, patent, project reports, and Global Trends Briefing (GTB) data. The system has goals 1) to integrate the national R&D data obtained from NDSL and NTIS, 2) to provide a semantic & topic based information search on the integrated data, and 3) to provide a knowledge map services based on the semantic analysis and knowledge processing. The S&T information such as research papers, research reports, patents and GTB are daily updated from NDSL, and the R&D projects information including their participants and output information are updated from the NTIS. The S&T information and the national R&D information are obtained and integrated to the integrated database. Knowledge base is constructed by transforming the relational data into triples referencing R&D ontology. In addition, a topic modeling method is employed to extract the relationships between the S&T documents and topic keyword/s representing the documents. The topic modeling approach enables us to extract the relationships and topic keyword/s based on the semantics, not based on the simple keyword/s. Lastly, we show an experiment on the construction of the integrated knowledge base using the lightweight ontology and topic modeling, and the knowledge map services created based on the knowledge base are also introduced.

Analysis of the Korea Traditional Colors within the Spatial Arrangement and Form of the Traditional Garden of Seyeonjeong (보길도 세연정(洗然庭)의 공간구조 형식에 내재한 전통색채 분석)

  • Han, Hee-Jeong;Cho, Se-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.14-23
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to contribute in building credibility of the methodology of the appearance of the traditional colors and the interpretation of the meaning of those appearances by analyzing the spatial construction and configuration and the traditional colors that appear in spatial elements about the scenery component that appear in Seyeonjeong. We conducted a literature research about the traditional colors, the background of the creation of Seyeonjeong, and etc. For the contents for the empirical analysis, we took the scenery and space elements in the poems, such as Eobusasisa and O-u-ga, and the contents of poems related to ojeongsaek (five Korean traditional colors) based on the Yin-Yang and the Five Elements ideology Particularly, after dividing the spatial elements appearing in Seyoenjeong into visual, synesthetic, symbolic/cognitive spatial element, we further distinguished the visual space into positions and directions of the of the spaces and the scenery of the season; the synesthetic space into seasons, time and five senses; and the symbolic/cognitive space into chiljeong (or the seven passions) and sadan (or the four clues). Then we carried out the study by analyzing the correlation between the intention of the garden creation and the meaning of the spaces, through the analysis of ojeongsaek system for each spatial element. Firstly, spatial structure and format that appear in Seyeonjeong can be divided into two directional axes of southeast and northwest according to the flat form of the Seyeongjeong's rectangular palace, with Seyeongjoeng as the center. Secondly, in spatial component element, the frequencies of appearance of the traditional colors of Seyoenjeong are 33.2% for white, 20.8% for blue, 20.8% for black, 18.7% for red and 6.3% for yellow. Thirdly, based on the analysis of the traditional colors the most frequent appearance of 'white' left a room for interpretation like the creation of Seyeonjeong was to enjoy secular living without lingering political feelings so that the high mountains remain clear and clean. Also, the predominant frequency of appearance of blue, similar frequency of appearance of black and red, and the least frequent appearance of yellow is in agreement with or can be at least interpreted related to Yun Seon-do's intention for creating Seyeonjeong not for political rank or power but as a place to enjoy nature, through which he can build on his knowledge, and to lead rest of his life as a noble being through plays, like dancing and writing poems. Fourthly, these interpretations of the analysis of the frequency of appearance of the traditional colors of Seyeongjong shows the reliability, validity, and consistency of the methodology of the analysis of the frequency of appearance of the traditional colors and the interpretation of the meanings in the context that the color white appears most frequently in Soswewon as well and that the background life of the Soswewon's creator Yangsanbo can be interpreted in a similarly way. Above all, this study is significant from the fact that we proposed a theory about the method of analysis and interpretation of the traditional colors in a traditional landscape space. Moreover, there is a great significance of discovering that traditional colors appear in traditional spaces and this can be used as a methodological framework to interpret things like, intention for creation of (buildings/architectures).