• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2011

This study is considered how retro design concepts that are used pop art can be expressed through overview of theories and cases, and suggested applying to retro design. As a result, we found first, concepts reflecting popular image, second, popular hero concepts simply represented pop art's feature. Third, there were no cases that are expressing the wounds made by political life. The most of cases expressed retro design with pop art representation techniques rather than reflecting of pop art's ideology or spirit. Pop art's retro design should be expressed as a modern style not only with reproduction of pop art, but also with designer's creativity and pop art's ideology and reinterpretation of formative meaning. Thus, it needs to set a concept by exploring of modern globalized mass media or daily life of people. Also, it should applying people's entertainment, spare time and fantasy to bright cheerful mood of pop art to express each area of design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.168-176
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• 2015

Trends of integrating products and services lead to the emergence of Product-Service System (PSS). To implement and embody a PSS solution in new product development, a comprehensive design framework is allowed designers to facilitate the design factors of the PSS in complex business environments. A physical product, containing functionalities for services, is the role of medium between customers and a manufactures. Customers can access those metaphysical interfaces to utilize the product fully or expand its performances. The PSS is aiming to prolong its lifecycle while maintaining its expected quality. Since the quality can be represented as a measure which belongs to user's perspective, guaranteeing certain level of quality can be interpreted to sustaining customer satisfaction. The objective of this paper is to propose a PSS design framework to identify design factors for developing products and services by integrating object-oriented concepts and blueprinting in context of a business ecosystem. The proposed model is developed based on relationship products and services matching with their design factors. The products and the services are then brought together to form a PSS. Functions and processes can be categorized to identify the design factors in different levels using the object-oriented concepts. Objected-oriented concepts provide PSS analysis tools for describing a business process or a workflow process in the PSS. The blueprint is used to identify the relationships between the products functions and the service processes that are offered as part of a job. To demonstrate of the effectiveness of the proposed model, we use a case study involving a smart phone.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was designed to analyze recent trends in research about caregivers of hospitalized children in Korea and to suggest future research directions in this area. Methods: Eighty one studies selected from http://www.kan.or.kr, www.childnursing.or.kr, www.riss4u.net, and www.ndsl.kr published from 1995 to 2011 were used. The analysis framework of concepts was derived from client domain (Kim, 2000) and knowledge type (Kim et al., 2004). Results: In terms of research design, nonexperimental studies (82.7%) were the most frequent, followed by experimental studies (14.8%) and qualitative studies (2.5%). Mothers were the most frequent caregivers, and hospitalization was the most frequent health problem of the children. In terms of categories of the concepts, 35 (39.3%) studies included essentialistic concepts like coping and adaptation, 15 (16.9%) studies included problematic concepts like anxiety and uncertainty, and 39 (43.8%) studies included health-care experiential concepts like educational needs and nursing needs. In term of knowledge types, there were 35 (39.3%) studies of the explanatory knowledge type, 44 (49.5%) descriptive ones, and 10 (11.2%) prescriptive ones. Conclusion: The results indicate that further research is necessary on problematic concepts and prescriptive knowledge types for child health nursing practice which will lead to expanding nursing knowledge.

• Archives of design research
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.307-316
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• 2002

Metaphor thinking is a kind of intuitive thinking and plays a central role in design process. But there are not many researches on this topic because it happens in designer's mind during design problem solving. In this paper, we considered cognitive aspects of metaphorical thinking as they cropped up in the process of design concepts development. As a method of cognitive experiment we used a protocol analysis of the design review reports. At the end of this research we concluded that metaphorical thinking is engaged in restructuring of new frames and reconciliation of conflicting frames for the development of new design ideas and concepts. This role of metaphorical thinking makes the design thinking divergent and the design process creative.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2004

This study analyze the architectural space in the aspect of the 'Raumplan' and 'Plan Libre'. These concepts based on the 'Raumplan versus Plan Libre' exhibition in Delft University, Netherlands. It is generally agreed that the concept of 'Plan Libre' in connection with Le Corbusie architecture and 'Raumplan' related to Adolf Loos's works. that exhibition contents was focused an extent of modem architecture. But, These concepts continually influence contemporary architecture and offer diverse vision in architecture. Therefore, this study focused on the analysis that look for common element in the space through the case study and space element connection in change of the values, technical growth. This Paper reveals that Adolf Loos's Raumplan is similar to Louis I. Kahn's 'Room' concept and Ando Tadao's centrifugal space composition method In the dwelling architecture. And the concept 'Plan Libre': non-definitive formal system and the elements : column, free form screening wall is revived as formal application of 3 dimension composition in architecture. and transfer lots, void, and linear space in Rem Koolhaas's urban design projects. These aspects is so called topology. This topological concept is an attempt in view of the space connection state rather than formative viewpoint.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2007

Proceedings in a new field of sciences and technologies like genetic engineering challenge to conventional concepts. It demonstrates a certain disappearance in conventional concepts that dominants our perceptions, such as organic, mechanical, and dichotomic concept of informative materials, and that is to be extended as a potential possibility. Then, what is a new space where our bodies that feel and cherish in their mind should live in these days as well as it makes senses by itself and should affect the principle that makes worlds? In addition, this study proposes a frame in the analysis in order to understand a section of modern designs with the question of 'what is the change in the relationship between relative structures in spaces and objects from a design point of view according to new structural concepts of body?' The major point of this analysis can be realized based on the assumption of the extension of the characteristics in the change of structural relationship in the aspect of post structuralism that includes non-structuralized relationship represented in modern philosophy, arts, and architectural works. Then, it can be accomplished as positive ideas in the foundation of space designs in future including the understand of 'new structural relationship' that can't be expressed as rationality and causal sequence by considering how the experiment conducted using several topics on body can be projected onto spaces through the process applied in the experiment.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the contents and trends of smoking and smoking cessation of adolescents in Korea. Methods: The subjects were 315 researches from 1997 to 2008 in Korea. They were examined in terms of subjects, research design, key words, types of intervention, times of intervention, and dependent variables for experimental research, and in terms of subjects, concepts, research questions and research methods for qualitative research. Results: Of the studies 52.4% were master's theses, and 22.9% of the subjects were male high school students. The most common research design was descriptive design. Major concepts studied were related to emotional cognitive variables. Among 80 experimental researches, 70% were about smoking cessation programs. The number of qualitative studies was only 6. Their concepts were smoking experience, motives for smoking cessation, smoking process, and motives for smoking. A major research question was: What does smoking mean to adolescents? Conclusion: More research should be done for the female students' smoking and smoking cessation. Also, research that adapts educational programs for smoking and smoking cessation needs to be performed through at least a 10 times longer period and in regular basis to get desirable results.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2016

The new generation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) will likely make use of state-of-the-art technologies in many areas of the plant. The analysis, design, and selection of advanced human-system interfaces (HSIs) constitute an important part of power plant engineering. Designers need to consider the new capabilities afforded by these technologies in the context of current regulations and new operational concepts, which is why they need a more rigorous method by which to plan the introduction of advanced HSIs in NPP work areas. Much of current human factors research stops at the user interface and fails to provide a definitive process for integration of end user devices with instrumentation and control and operational concepts. The current lack of a clear definition of HSI technology, including the process for integration, makes characterization and implementation of new and advanced HSIs difficult. This paper describes how new design concepts in the nuclear industry can be analyzed and how HSI technologies associated with new industrial processes might be considered. It also describes a basis for an understanding of human as well as technology characteristics that could be incorporated into a prioritization scheme for technology selection and deployment plans.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.106-115
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• 2007

The Werkbund housing exhibitions in Europe in the 20's and 30's presented various planning concepts and played a important roll for modernization of housing Architecture. This study, therefore, aims to understand the contemporary issues of housing in this period, which showed the meaningful momentum for housing plans today. In order to grasp the general characteristics of exhibition housing the representative cases -Weissenhofsiedlung, Dammerstock, Breslausiedlung, Werkbund Siedlung in $Z\"{u}rich-Neub\"{u}hl$, Werkbundsiedlung Wien und BaBa- were throught documents analyzed. The architects offered an innovative building typology such as row housing and new prototype of housing units accordingly social needs. Especially, In this study housing unitplans were in 6 groups such as flexible type, cabin type, free open plan, Raumplan, functional 2-story type and corridor type categorized. And they were analyzed how deeply technological development, architectural design perceptions as well as functional aspects had on the planning of floorplans reflected. As a result, in the housing exhibitions various architectural ideas presented the "Zeitgeist" not only such as improvement of physical environment of housing, but also such as rationalization, standardization, functionalization, normalization of housing architecture. Also their unitplans corresponded to newly developed building typology and modern household type. As well as they represented notable spatial concepts. Moreover it contributed to create a new paradigm of housing for the new epoch.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.951-963
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• 2015

The conjoint analyst in marketing are anxious to know whether there exist synergy or antagonistic effects between two attributes. That is to say, they are interested in estimating the main effects as well as the two factor interaction effects.We research the design of survey questionnaire so that all the main effects and two factor interaction effects are estimable by employing the resolution V balanced Incomplete Block Fractional Factorial Design. We screen vital few effects, find the proper model and obtain information for efficient concepts optimization by analyzing all respondents survey data.