• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2013

Objectives: Terminal cancer patients and their caregivers often experience traumatic stress and need many types of assistance. In the present study we interviewed terminally ill cancer patients and caregivers to determine how much burden they experienced and to find out what factors are most important for satisfaction. Design: We constructed a questionnaire including overall care burden and needs experienced, and administered it to 659 terminal cancer patients and 659 important caregivers at 11 university hospitals and 1 national cancer center in Korea. Results: Finally, 481 terminal cancer patients and 381 caregivers completed the questionnaire. Care burden was not insubstantial in both and the caregiver group felt more burden than the patient group (P<0.001). While the patient group needed financial support most (39.0%), the caregiver group placed greatest emphasis on discussion about further treatment plans (44.8%). Stepwise multiple logistic regression analyses showed that in the patient group, patient's health status (OR, 2.03; 95%CI, 1.16-3.56) and burden (OR, 2.82; 95%CI, 1.76-4.50) influenced satisfaction about overall care, while in the caregiver group, high education level (OR, 1.84; 95%CI, 1.76-4.50), burden (OR, 2.94; 95%CI, 1.75-4.93) and good family function (OR, 1.94; 95%CI, 1.24-3.04) were important. Conclusions: Our study showed that burden was great in both terminal cancer patients and their caregivers and was perceived to be more severe by caregivers. Our study also showed that burden was the factor most predicting satisfaction about overall care in both groups.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2005

본 연구는 식물공장용 체인컨베이어식 조간조절장치를 개발하기 위해 수행하였다. 개발 시스템을 재배작물에 실제로 적용하기 위해 평가 시험하였다. 실험결과, 식물공장에서 수경재배되는 채소의 주간을 조절하는 기술을 제공하였다 작물조간조절단계는 매주 수확하는 것으로 하여 4단으로 설정하였고, 단계별 이송속도는 각각 6.4, 9.6, 12.3, 15.8$cm{\cdot}s^{-1}$이었고, 조간조절량은 각각 101.6, 152.4, 203.2, 254.0mm로 나타났다. 1단계에서 4단계로 작물이 이송되는 동안 작물과 재배 홈통의 무게가 17N에서 935N으로 증가함에 따라 구동축토오크도 $11.7\~33.3N{\cdot}m$범위에서 증가하여 이론토크 값보다 $5.9\~9.8N{\cdot}m$ 더 소요되었으며, 이때의 진행 저하율은 $1.6\~2.1\%$이었다. 재배홈통의 이동소요 시간의 설계 값이 2.26초이고 실측값이 2.24초로 잘 일치한 것으로 나타났다. 조간조절장치는 조간조절량이 설계된 값의 $5%$이내 범주에서 잘 조절되고, 시스템으로도 안정적으로 나타나 식물공장용 조간조절장치로 체인컨베이어식 조간조절장치가 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1419-1424
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• 2012

Objectives: To investigate in depth the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) by cancer patients at the end-of-life (EOL) and how they communicate with physicians about them. Design and location: In 17 hospitals in Korea between January and December 2004 we identified 4,042 families of cancer patients. Results: The prevalence of CAM use among cancer patients at the EOL was 37.0%, and 93.1% had used pharmacologic types of agents. The most frequent motive for CAM use was the recommendation of friends or a close relative (53.4%) or a physician (1.6%). Only 42.5% discussed CAM use with their physicians. Satisfaction with CAMS was recalled for 37.1%. The most common reason given for that satisfaction was improvement of emotional or physical well-being, while ineffectiveness was the most common reason given for dissatisfaction. The average cost of CAM during the last month of life was $US 900. CAM use was associated with longer disease periods, primary cancers other than liver, biliary, and pancreatic, and need of support from physicians or religion. Conclusions: CAM use among cancer patients at the EOL was common, not discussed with physicians, and associated with expectation of cure. Expectations were generally unmet while the treatments were a financial burden. Further studies evaluating the effects of CAM at the EOL and factors that enhance communication with the physician are needed.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.43-61
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• 1981

Interest in the Quality of working life is spreading rapidly and the phrase has entered the popular vocabulary. That this should be so is probably due in large measure to changes in the values of society, nowadays accelerated as never before by the concerns and demands of younger people. But however topical the concept has become, there is very little agreement on its definition. Rather, the term appears to have become a kind of depository for a variety of sometimes contradictory meanings attributed to it by different groups. A list of all the elements it if held to cover would include availability and security of employment, adaquate income, safe and pleasant physical working conditions, reasonable hours of work, equitable treatment and democracy in the workplace, the possibility of self-development, control over one's work, a sense of pride in craftsmanship or product, wider career choices, and flexibility in matters such as the time of starting work, the number of working days in the week, Job sharing and so on altogether an array that encompasses a variety of traditional aspirations and many new ones reflecting the entry into the post industrial era. The term "quality of working life" was introduced by professor Louis E. Davis and his colleagues in the late 1960s to call attention to the prevailing and needlessly poor quality of life at the workplace. In their usage it referred to the quality of the relationship between the worker and his working environment as a whole, and was intended to emphasize the human dimension so often forgotten among the technical and economic factors in job design. Treating workers as if they were elements or cogs in the production process is not only an affront to the dignity of human life, but is also a serious underestimation of the human capabilities needed to operate more advanced technologies. When tasks demand high levels of vigilence, technical problem-solving skills, self initiated behavior, and social and communication skills. it is imperative that our concepts of man be of requisite complexity. Our aim is not just to protect the worker's life and health but to give them an informal interest in their job and opportunity to express their views and exercise control over everything that affects their working life. Certainly, so far as his work is concerned, a man must feel better protected but he must also have a greater feeling of freedom and responsibility. Something parallel but wholly different if happening in Europe, industrial democracy. What has happened in Europe has been discrete, fixed, finalized, and legalized. Those developing centuries driving toward industrialization like R.O.K, shall have to bear in mind the human complexity in processing and designing the work and its environment. Increasing attention is needed to the contradiction between autocratic rule at the workplace and democratic rights in society.n society.

• 감성과학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2010

이 연구는 그림 자료의 근접성(고근접 vs. 저근접)에 따른 제시여부와 읽기모드(단순읽기 vs. 요약읽기)에 따른 학습자의 인지부하 차이를 검증하기 위한 것이다. 특히, 이 연구에서는 전기피부반응을 통하여 인지부하의 정도를 측정하였다. 실험참가자는 34명(통제집단=17명, 실험집단=17명)이었으며 고근접 조건과 저근접 조건에 대한 반복구획요인설계를 적용하였다. 또한 각 실험조건에서 측정된 과제난이도 지각점수를 공변량으로 투입하여 학습자의 사전지식에 의한 영향력을 통제하였다. 그림 자료의 근접성의 정도에 따라서 고근접 그림 자료와 저근접 그림 자료가 순차적으로 제시되었다. 처음에는 단순읽기 모드가 제시되었고 이후에 요약읽기를 수행하였다. 전기피부반응은 단순읽기와 요약읽기에서 모두 측정되었다. 이 연구의 종속변수는 전기피부반응과 지각된 난이도였다. 연구결과에 따르면 고근접 자료가 제시된 조건에서는 유의미한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 그러나 저근접 조건에서는 그림 자료의 제시여부 및 읽기모드 사이에서 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 즉, 저근접 조건에서는 텍스트만 제시하는 것보다는 그림 자료가 제시될 때 전기피부반응이 올라갔다. 또한 단순 읽기 보다 요약읽기에서 더 높은 전기피부반응이 측정되었다. 이 연구의 결과는 저근접 그림은 인지부하를 유발하는 요인이 될 수 있으며 읽기모드가 복잡해지면 인지부하가 높아질 수 있음을 보여주는 것이다. 동일한 자료를 활용한다고 하더라도 인지과정의 복잡성 정도에 따라서 인지부하가 달라질 수 있다는 것이다. 그러나 학습성취과 같은 과제수행 요인과 더 높은 난이도에서의 인지부하 측정에 대한 후속연구가 필요하다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권9호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2008

The increasing rate of obesity in school aged children has become a conspicuous social phenomenon in Korea. This has been linked to greater economic growth, increasingly westernized dietary habits, and a consumer driven society. Given that obesity can lead to social exclusion or unfavorable attention by other students in a school setting, the design of plus-size garments have become important for effective appearance management skills. This research aimed to establish a somatotype database for obese school boys, aged 10 to 12, in order to develop a sizing system for plus-size upper garments. In order to measure somatotype of average and obese school boys, five categories were recorded; height, obesity, length of trunk, thickness of neck and chest. For obese boys, subcutaneous fat thickness and position of B.P/shoulder point factors were recorded. Obesity factor was subdivided into overall and specific ones, and while the deviation of obese body types was severe compared to the average type. Obese body type showed significantly higher measurements in width, girth, thickness. This is linked to the fact that the frequency ratio of obesity increases with age. Stature and chest were chosen as control dimensions for boys' wear. As crosstabulation of stature(5cm interval) and chest girth(2, 3 and 4cm), and stature(5cm interval)/chest girth(3cm interval) sizing system showed, the most effective cover ratio and adaptability to the data distribution $25{\sim}75$ quartile. Based on the findings, 10 sizes were formulated for average body type, while 18 sizes were formulated for obese type, whose size cover ratios were 48% and 62.9%, respectively. The primary ranges of stature were $145cm{\sim}150cm$, while those of chest girth were $79{\sim}82cm$. Each size was declared as "chest-somatotype{A(average)/O(obesity)-stature". This study proposed a plus-size upper garment sizing systems for obese boys, accompanied with reference measurements for suit, casual wear and underwear. The finding showed that the two systems were totally separate and not overlapping, meaning that plus-size sizing system is essential for obese school boys. The obesity type system had more size and wider range specs.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

With the development of information technology (IT), various information systems (IS) such as Web-based systems and mobile systems have appeared utilizing different technologies. However, recent studies on IS use and user satisfaction rarely account for technological differences among IS and environmental characteristics where IS are intended to be used. The purpose of this research is to investigate the determinants of the use of Web-based ticketing systems for cultural activities and to empirically validate their relationships. Environmental psychology suggests that human beings respond to external stimuli from environments with their emotions, and their emotional states influence human actions, e.g., IS use in this research. Applying environmental psychology to the use of Web-based systems in the culture and entertainment industry, we propose that web site characteristics first influence a user's internal state of mind (i.e., flow) and then the flow state influences the IS use. Studies related to the state of flow collectively affirm the key role played by the flow construct in shaping individual attitudes and behaviors toward IS. Users' flow states are captured by their shopping enjoyment, perceived behavioral control, and the level of concentration on the IS use. Referring to social presence theory, we have included such web site characteristics as content quality, context of web site, and community quality. In our research model, a second order construct is utilized to represent web site quality, because flow theory suggests that holistic experiences with web-based systems (rather than individual characteristics of the web site) are important in explaining the IS use. Further, we have included trust as another important factor influencing the IS use since business transactions on the web encompass higher uncertainty comparing to offline transactions. In order to test our hypotheses, we have conducted an online survey which results in 1,141 valid responses in the final sample. The data were collected from respondents who have experiences in Internet ticketing systems. Although it was a convenient sample, the sample represents a wide variety of user demographics. Validity and reliability of the research instrument were tested and research hypotheses were examined using PLS Graph 3.0. The results indicate that web site characteristics significantly influence the level of user concentration, user's enjoyment in shopping, and perceived behavioral control. Further, the use of Internet ticketing systems is influenced by users' flow states and trust in the web channel. User satisfaction is turned out to be affected by the use of Internet ticketing systems. Unlike extant research on the relationship between web site characteristics and its use, our study has found that, in the culture and entertainment industry, the impact of web site characteristics on IS use is mediated by a user's flow state. This finding has a practical implication that web site design should include as many features that enhance shopping enjoyment and concentration. Other practical implications of these findings and future research implications are also discussed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.4914-4923
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• 2011

본 연구는 PA(전담)간호사의 직무스트레스가 직무만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 시도된 서술적 조사연구로 2010년 9월 1일부터 2011년 1월 10일까지 PA(전담)간호사 104명을 대상으로 시행하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS PASW Stastistics 18.0 Program으로 분석하였다. 직무스트레스에 대한 평균점수는 여성 45.07(${\pm}9.78$)점, 남성 43.47(${\pm}13.77$)점이었다. 직무만족도에 대한 평균점수는 2.72(${\pm}0.30$)점이었다. 일반적인 특성과 직무만족도 간의 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 직무스트레스의 하부영역 중 미혼에서 조직체계(p<.05)와 보상부적절(p<.01)에 대한 스트레스가 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 다중회귀분석결과 회귀모형에 대한 수정된 $R^2$ 값이 0.567로 회귀모형이 56.7%로 적합하며, 직무자율성이 적고 조직체계가 합리적이지 못할 때 직무만족도가 감소하였으며, 3교대 근무자에 비해 2교대 근무자의 직무만족도가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 그러므로 직무만족도를 높이기 위해 PA(전담)간호사의 직무자율성과 조직체계에 대한 직무스트레스를 감소시키기 위한 병원정책이 필요하다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.669-679
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 END 금연동기유발 프로그램이 흡연 고등학생의 일산화탄소, 금연자기효능감, 흡연일수, 1일 흡연량에 미치는 효과를 확인하기 위해 실시한 비동등성 대조군 전·후 시차설계를 이용한 유사 실험연구이다. 대상자는 C시에 소재한 고등학생으로 금연에 관심이 있는 흡연학생으로 실험군 27명, 대조군 28명 총 55명이었으며 자료수집은 2018년 7월 12일부터 10월 4일까지였다. 대상자에게 중재한 프로그램은 END 금연동기유발 프로그램으로 주 1회 50분, 총 6주간이었다. 중재결과 실험군은 대조군에 비해 금연 자기효능감(z=110.00, p<.001), 흡연일수(z=640.00, p<.001), 1일 흡연량(z=520.50, p<.016)이 지지되었다. 따라서 END 금연동기유발 프로그램은 학교 현장에서 흡연 고등학생의 흡연율을 낮추고 금연동기를 유발하여 금연을 유도하기 위한 중재로 본 프로그램의 적용을 제안한다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 코칭
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.33-55
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 일반 대학생을 위한 1:1 온라인 학습코칭 프로그램이 자기주도학습능력, 학습동기, 시간관리행동에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 것이었다. 본 연구에서 적용한 코칭 프로그램은 자기주도학습능력의 하위 요인인 동기, 행동, 인지조절로 구성되었고, 총 7회기(각 회기 80분)에 걸쳐 진행되었다. 총 16명 중 코칭을 원하는 참가자 7명이 실험집단에 할당되었다. 실험설계는 비동등 통제집단 설계가 적용되었다. 사전 사후에 자기주도학습능력, 학습동기, 시간관리행동을 설문지로 측정하였고, 코칭 종료 후 만족도 조사와 사후 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 프로그램의 효과 검증을 위해 사전 점수를 통제한 ANCOVA를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 실험집단과 통제집단 간에 자기주도학습능력과 외적 학습동기 평균 점수에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 내적 학습동기와 시간관리행동의 경우, 코칭 적용 집단의 평균 점수가 증가하였지만 집단 간에 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 사후 설문 결과 코칭에 대한 만족도는 평균 4.85점이었고, 인터뷰 내용 확인 결과, 코칭 프로그램이 참가자의 자기주도 학습과 학습동기, 시간관리에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들을 종합했을 때, 본 연구에서 적용한 학습 코칭 프로그램이 대학생의 자기주도학습능력과, 학습동기 증진에 유의미한 영향을 미치고 시간관리행동에는 부분적으로 긍정적인 효과를 가진다고 할 수 있다.