• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among variables of somatic attribution, chronic pain, depression and chronic fatigue in the elderly. Methods: Empirical data for testing hypothetical models was collected from 311 people over 65 years old in a community settings in Seoul, Korea in June and July, 2000. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and correlational analysis using pc-SAS program. The Linear Structural Modeling(LISREL) 8.0 program was used to find the best fit model which explained causal relationship of variables. Result: According to Accepted model, the relation of variables is that the somatic attribution is the influencing variable to chronic pain and depression and chronic pain and depression is the influencing variable to chronic fatigue. Conclusion: The findings of this study give useful information to construct intervention program relating chronic pain, depression and chronic fatigue for the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.609-616
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• 2004

Purpose. The prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) among community-dwelling older women in Korea is not well known. This study examined the prevalence of UI and UI-related knowledge among community-dwelling Korean women aged 55 and over. Method. A cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was conducted. Data were collected from 276 women aged 55 and over in a metropolitan city using a structured questionnaire. Result. Of 276 respondents, 28.3% (n=78) reported experiencing UI. More than 50% of respondents incorrectly agreed with the statement that UI is the result of normal aging, with only 20.9% realizing that there is an exercise that can control urine leaks when one coughs, sneezes, or laughs. Older women who had sought treatment had higher mean score for UI-related knowledge. Conclusion. This study revealed substantial misconception about UI among community dwelling older women, demonstrating that comprehensive educational programs need to be developed to increase knowledge of UI.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.385-394
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• 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the relationships between mothers' knowledge and practice level of cough etiquette and their children's practice level of cough etiquette as perceived by their mothers. Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational study. The data were collected from 160 mothers with preschoolers attending daycare centers and kindergartens in Gwangju, South Korea using self-reported questionnaires. Results: The correct answer rate for cough etiquette knowledge in mothers was 86.0%, mothers' average practice score was 33.65±4.14, and their children's average practice score was 28.39±4.85 out of 48. The correlation between mothers' cough etiquette knowledge and practice level was not statistically significant. However, mothers' cough etiquette practice was positively correlated with children's cough etiquette level as perceived by mothers (r=.35, p<.001). Conclusion: The development of a systematic cough etiquette education program and measurements for both mothers and children according to their developmental stages is important to effectively prevent respiratory infections.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine to what extent teenagers accepted sexual relations, and to determine in which way that was affected by their disposition of stimuli, one of the psychological factors, and by their adjustment to school life, one of the environmental factors, as those factors seemed to have impact on that. This study was of descriptive correlational approach, and the subjects were 962 boy and girl students randomly selected from regular and business high schools. The data were collected from May through July 2002, and SPSS win 10.0 program was employed for data analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows; First, the students investigated got a mean of 44.49 marks on school adjustment. Their sensation seeking got an average of 130.10 marks. Their sexual allowance got a mean of 38.90 marks. Second is to regard the influence of their general characteristics on school adjustment, sensation seeking and sexual allowance. school adjustment was significant on gender, grade, career track, religion, school record, economic state, sexual intercourse. Sensation seeking was significant on all of their general characteristics. Sexual allowance was significant on all except economic state. Third, concerning correlation among sexual allowance, school adjustment and sensation seeking, sexual allowance was positively correlated to sensation seeking and negatively to school adjustment. The above-mentioned findings suggested that school adjustment and stimuli pursuit was associated with sexual attitude, and the findings of this study are expected to make any contribution to creating an ideal sexual culture for the youth.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.594-602
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the correlation among uncertainty, mastery and appraisal of uncertainty in hospitalized children's mothers. Method: Self report questionnaires were used to measure the variables Variables were uncertainty, mastery and appraisal of uncertainty. In data analysis, the SPSSWIN 12.0 program was utilized for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and regression analysis. Result: Reliability of the instruments was cronbach's $alpha=.84{\sim}.94$. Mastery negatively correlated with uncertainty(r=-.444, p=.000) and danger appraisal of uncertainty(r=-.514, p=.000). In regression of danger appraisal of uncertainty, uncertainty and mastery were significant predictors explaining 39.9%. Conclusion: Mastery was a significant mediating factor between uncertainty and danger appraisal of uncertainty in hospitalized children's mothers. Therefore, nursing interventions which improve mastery must be developed for hospitalized children's mothers.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.132-138
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among suicidal ideation, parental attachment, and self-identity of college students. Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive correlational research. The participants were 314 college students in Gyeongbuk province. Data were collected from September 23 to Oct 5 in 2009 using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS WIN (Version 12.0). Results: Suicidal ideation showed negative correlations with maternal and paternal attachment (r=-.20, p<.001; r=-.24, p<.001, respectively) as well as self-identity (r=-.37, p<.001). Self-identity had positive correlations with maternal and attachment (r=.16, p=.006; r=.23, p<.001, respectively). Conclusion: The findings suggest that suicidal ideation may be decreased when college students have higher parental attachment and self-identity. Strategies to improve parental attachment and self-identity are needed in near future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3889-3892
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• 2012

Aims: The purposes of this study were to (1) to identify the causes of cancer in breast cancer survivors in Taiwan; and (2) to investigate the influence of demographic characteristics and breast cancer-related factors on the cause of cancer. Materials and method: This study details the related investigative results on survivors with breast cancer using a descriptive and correlational design. A convenience sampling approach was employed. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the participants. Results: A total of 230 breast cancer survivors completed the questionnaire. Low-scoring cause of cancer participants were older adults (OR = 2.49, p<0.05) who were already of menopausal status (OR = 2.28, p < 0.05). Around 72% of particpants agreed high responsibility. Our breast cancer survivors felt stress had caused their breast cancer. Conclusion: These findings are helpful in understanding the relationship between cause of cancer and related factors in breast cancer survivors.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.265-275
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify and to investigate the nursing organizational culture. Method: A descriptive correlational study was conducted with convenience sample of 448 staff nurses who were working for six general hospitals located in Seoul, Province of Gyeonggi and Province of Chung-cheong. The period of data collection took over 5 months between August and December. Organization Culture Questionnaire developed by Lee (2001) were used to measure nursing organizational culture. Collected data were analysed on SPSS Win 12.0. Result: The meta culture of the nursing organizations was the conservative culture. The cultural pattern of nursing organizations was classified into three patterns which were conservative-dominant culture, symmetric culture and innovative-task culture. Conclusions: The meta culture of the nursing organizations was the conservative culture. But conservative culture decreased nurses' outcomes. Therefore the nurse manager should develop a symmetric organizational culture including four types of culture than dominant culture of one type.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2010

Purpose: This descriptive correlational study was designed to examine the relationship of attachment security to social anxiety and depression. In addition, the mediating effect of self competency in relation to attachment security and the other variables was investigated. Methods: Data were collected from 194 students in grade 5 or 6, and descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierachical multiple regression were used with SPSS/PC 12.0 program to analyze the data. The instruments used were Kerns, Klepac and Cole's Security Scale, La Greca & Stones' Revised Social Anxiety Scales for children (SASC-R), Cho and Lee's Korean form of Kovacs' children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Harter' Self-perception Profile for Children. Results: There were significantly negative effects between attachment security and the variables, social anxiety and depression. Also, self competency was negatively correlated with social anxiety and depression. Self competency had a significant mediating effect on the relation of social anxiety and depression to attachment security. Conclusion: For the effective management and prevention of social anxiety and depression in school-aged children, programs including strategies to increase self competency should be developed. These programs can increase self competency which has a mediator role between attachment security and the other variables (social anxiety and depression).

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.225-237
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• 2020

Purpose: This descriptive correlational study examined the acculturation, health literacy, and factors affecting the health literacy of Vietnamese and Chinese female marriage immigrants. Methods: The sample consisted of 90 Vietnamese and 89 Chinese female marriage immigrants who participated in Multicultural Family Support Centers' programs in metropolitan city A. The health literacy was measured by HLI-FMI (Health Literacy Index for Female Marriage Immigrants), acculturation was measured using the Acculturation Index for female marriage immigrants. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression were performed for data analysis. Results: The Chinese group (M=9.80±2.72) showed a significantly higher health literacy than the Vietnamese group (M=8.07±3.57). The factors affecting health literacy among Chinese were the length of residence (β=.442 p<.001), and adaptation to Korean culture (β=.381, p=.007). Conclusion: To develope graded education programs for promoting the health literacy of Chinese and Vietnamese female marriage immigrants, the length of residence can be considered. Continuously providing a support system to help them adapt to Korean culture can also have a positive effect on health literacy.