• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.285-289
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• 2015

Complicated and expensive seawater desalination technology is a big challenge in boron removal process. Conventional seawater desalination process of coagulation utilized for pre-treatment is difficult to remove boron. Boron can be removed more effectively in Reverse Osmosis (RO) process than any other processes. In this study, a coagulant with the name Mineral Cluster was examined its boron removal ability. Boron removal efficiency of Mineral Cluster depended on pH value and Mineral Cluster dosage. Desalination process combines the pre-treatment process with Mineral cluster diluted at the ratio of 1:2500 and the RO membrane process. The original sea water could be desalinated to drinking water quality, 1 mg/L, without any pH adjustments. Therefore, if the Mineral cluster is added without any other chemicals for adjusting pH, the desalination process would be much safer, efficient and economical.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.227-230
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• 2011

Seawater desalination technology is a complicated and expensive process. Besides salt removal from seawater, thesignificant problem that needs to be solved is boron removal. Boron removal is difficult so it is a considerable challenge for the desalination process. The main technology of this process is reverse osmosis (RO). RO can remove salt and boron more effectively than other technologies. In a conventional seawater desalination process, coagulant is utilized for pre-treatment but it is difficult to remove boron through this stage. In this study, a coagulant called Mineral Cluster was examined for boron removal. Therefore, Mineral Cluster can be considered a potential coagulant for boron removal in seawater desalination technology.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2004

Many countries, including Korea, suffer from a shortage of freshwater. With increases in population and the quality of life, along with large-scale expansion in industrial and agricultural activities, more freshwater is needed. Available resources, Including ground water, are limited, and desalination presents the opportunity for a new unlimited source of freshwater from the sea. The objectives of this study were to test membrane performance in seawater desalination and to examine the quality of water produced. bath well and sea water were used as water sources. Typically used membrane for seawater desalination and high rejection seawater desalination membrane are maintained at almost same recovery rate and permeate flux, while the conductivity was lower in the operation of typically used seawater membrane. The treated water quality using two types of membranes is satisfied with the Korea drinking water quality standards.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2020

This paper presents a screening protocol for the selection of solvents available for the solvent extraction desalination process. The desalination solvents hypothetically and theoretically require the capability of (1) Forming hydrogen bonds with water, (2) Absorbing some water molecules into its non-polar solvent layer, (3) Changing solubility for water-solvent separation, and (4) Rejecting salt ions during absorption. Similar to carboxylic acids, amine solvents are solvent chemicals applicable for desalination. The key parameter for selecting the potential solvent was the octanol-water partitioning coefficient (Kow) of which preferable value for desalination was in the range of 1-3. Six of the 30 amine solvents can absorb water and have a variable, i.e., temperature swing solubility with water molecule for water-solvent separation. Also, the hydrogen bonding interaction between solvent and water must be stronger than the ion-dipole interaction between water and salt, which means that the salt ions must be broken from the water and only water molecules absorbed for the desalination. In the final step, three solvents were selected as desalination solvents to remove salt ions and recover water. The water recovery of these three solvents were 15.4 %, 2.8 %, 10.5 %, and salt rejection were 76 %, 98 %, 95 %, respectively. This study suggests a new screening protocol comprising the theoretical and experimental approaches for the selection of solvents for the desalination method which is a new and challenges the desalination process in the future.

• 멤브레인
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.292-298
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 축전식 탈염 공정에 분할 전극을 이용하여 탈염 성능을 향상하고자 하였다. 운전조건으로 NaCl 수용액에 대하여 20 mL/min의 유속과 1.2 V, 3분의 흡착 조건과 -1 V, 1분의 탈착 조건으로 전극의 분할 여부에 따른 탈염 효율을 측정함으로써 실험을 진행하였다. 분할되지 않은 전극에서는 유효면적이 $146cm^2$일 때 40%의 탈염 효율이 나타났고 분할 전극의 유효면적이 $133cm^2$일 때 57%의 탈염 효율을 보였다. 같은 분할된 전극에서 탈염 효율은 2 cm 간격을 두었을 때 49%, 1 cm의 간격을 두었을 때 57%로 확인되었다. 탈염 효율이 일반 CDI보다 분할 전극 CDI가 높았고 분할 전극 사이의 간격이 좁을수록 증가하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2021

The global water shortage is getting more attention by global climate change. And water demand rapidly increases due to industrialization and population growth. Desalination technology is being expected as an alternative water supply method. Desalination technology requires low energy or maintenance costs, making it a competible next generation technology, with examples such as forward osmosis (FO), membrane distillation (MD), capacitive deionization (CDI), and electrodialysis (ED) to compete with reverse osmosis (RO). In order to identify recent research trends in desalination technologies (FO, MD, RO, CDI, and ED) between 2000-2020, a bibliometric analysis was conducted in the current study. The number of published papers in desalination technology have increased in Desalination and Journal of Membrane Science mainly. Moreover, it was found that FO, MD, RO, CDI, and ED technologies have been applied in various research areas including electrochemical, food processing and carbon-based material synthesis. Recent research topics according to the desalination technologies were also identified.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.112-116
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• 2001

In the paper, desalination technology for a barge mounted plant is presented. Desalination system on a barge needs high efficiency, smaller space, and stability. Therfore 4-effect distillation system (capacity of 50ton/day) is designed and constructed. During operation, detailed investigation of different opereation parameters is carried. This paper discusses about product water flowrate and recover ratio with different steam flow rate and feed water rate.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.2351-2357
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• 2013

해수담수화 플랜트 시장 진출 유망 국가 분석을 위한 지수를 개발하였고 이를 위해서 관련된 자료를 수집하고 분석하였다. 자료의 특성상 국가별로 편차가 커 스케일 재조정 방법을 통해 각 지표별로 표준화를 실시하였고, 해수담수화 플랜트에 대한 전문가들을 대상으로 Delphi 기법을 통한 설문 조사를 통해 가중치를 결정하였다. 총 23개의 지표를 3가지 요소로 나누어 각각의 항목별로 가중치를 결정하였으며, 사우디아라비아, UAE, 쿠웨이트, 이란, 카타르, 중국, 싱가포르, 인도, 알제리, 터키, 미국 등 11개 국가, 즉 해수담수화 플랜트 해외 시장 유망 국가들에 대해서 지수를 산정하였다. 산정된 지수를 비교하였을 때 미국이 0.537, 중국이 0.490, 사우디아라비아가 0.329로 나타났다. 현지 사정을 고려하였을 때는 미국과 중국은 해외 시장 진출을 하는데 많은 어려움이 있을 수 있지만 그 외에 국가에 대해서는 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 전략적으로 시장 진출을 도모하는데 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.373-378
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• 2011

해수 히트펌프를 이용한 냉동법 담수화시스템의 개발을 위한 시스템 설계 및 성능 해석을 수행하였다. 해수 히트펌프시스템의 열역학적 모델은 냉동사이클을 이용하였고, 이를 해수 담수화시스템에 적용하였다. 응축기의 유입 해수온도 및 증발기의 얼음 생성 비율에 따른 해수 히트펌프 시스템의 성능을 분석하고, 이에 따른 담수 생산량 및 담수 1kg 생산에 대한 소요 에너지 등 냉동법 담수화 시스템의 성능을 비교 분석하였다. 압축기 소요동력 및 응축기 용량은 응축기로 유입되는 해수온도가 감소함에 따라 감소하였다. 담수 1kg 생산에 따른 소요 에너지는 응축기 유입 해수온도가 $8^{\circ}C$일 때가 $20^{\circ}C$일 때에 비해 약28.9% 감소하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.364-369
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• 2012

The development of solar thermal energy used adsorption desalination technology have been examined as a viable option for supplying clean energy. In this study, the modelling of the main devices for solar thermal energy used and adsorption desalination system was introduced. Silica gel type adsorption desalination system is considered to be a promising low-temperature heat utilization system. The design is divided into three parts. First, the evaporator for the vaporization of the tap water is designed, and then the reactor for the adsorption and release of the steam is designed, followed by the condenser for the condensation of the fresh water is designed. In addition, new features based on the energy balance are also included to design absorption desalination system. In this basic research, One-bed(reactor) adsorption desalination plant that employ a low-temperature solar thermal energy was proposed and experimentally studied. The specific water yield is measured experimentally with respect to the time controlling parameters such as heat source temperatures, coolant temperatures, system switching and half-cycle operational times. Desalination is processes that permeate our daily lives, but It requires substantial energy input, powered either from electricity or from thermal input. From the environmental and sustainability perspecives, innovative thermodynamic cycles are needed to produce the above-mentioned useful effects at a lower specific energy input. This article describes the development of adsorption cycles for the production of desalting effects. We want that this adsorption system can be driven by low temperature heat sources at 60 to $80^{\circ}C$, such as renewable, solar thermal energy.