• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2001

The focus of this paper is on the numerical investigation of obliquely incident wav interactions with a system composed of fully submerged and floating dual buoy/vertical-flexible-membrane breakwaters placed in parallel with spacing between two systems. The fully submerged two systems allow surface and bottom gaps to enable wave transmission over and under the system. The problem is formulated based on the two-dimensional multi-domain hydro-elastic linear wave-body interaction theory. The hydrodynamic interaction of oblique incident waves with the combination of the rigid and flexible bodies was solved by the distribution of the simple sources (modified Bessel function of the second kind) that satisfy the Helmholz governing equation in fluid domains. A boundary element program for three fluid domains based on a discrete membrane dynamic model and simple source distribution method is developed. Using this developed computer program, the performance of various dual systems varying buoy radiuses and drafts, membrane lengths, gaps, spacing, mooring-lines stiffness, mooring types, water depth, and wave characteristics is thoroughly examined. It is found that the fully submerged and floating dual buoy/membrane breakwaters can, if it is properly tuned to the coming waves, have good performances in reflecting the obliquely incident waves over a wide range of wave frequency and headings.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

Purpose - This study explored factors of online education that affect student dissatisfaction and learning effectiveness in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research design, data, and methodology - This study combined qualitative and quantitative designs. The qualitative part of this study involved in-depth interviews using a criteria-based purposive sampling technique. The quantitative part of this study consisted of an online survey. Results - The qualitative results revealed that students faced significant problems related to online learning, including a lack of learning environment, interaction, and support from the school. The quantitative results indicated that the effects of transitioned-online courses on student dissatisfaction were higher with student support, the interaction between students and instructors, online learning environment, and course organization and evaluation based on the order, while the effects on learning effectiveness were higher with the online learning environment, interaction between students and instructors, course organization and evaluation, and student support based on the order. Conclusion - The results implied that online learning in the era of the COVID 19 pandemic negatively affects student satisfaction and learning effectiveness. Policymakers and school leaders should improve students' satisfaction and learning effectiveness when confronted with the pandemic. Better policies should be adopted to improve better way of teaching in the era of COVID19.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.187-197
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• 2000

This paper describes an adaptive quadtree-based 2DH wave-current interaction model which is able to predict wave breaking, shoaling, refraction, diffraction, wave-current interaction, set-up and set-down, mixing processes (turbulent diffusion), bottom frictional effects, and movement of the land-water interface at the shoreline. The wave period-and depth-averaged governing equations are discretised explictly by means of an Adams-Bashforth second-order finite difference technaique on adaptive hierarchical staggered quadtree grids. Grid adaptation is achieved through seeding points distributed according to flow criteria(e.g. local current gradients). Results are presented for nearshore circulation at a sinusoidal beach. Enrichment permits refined modelling of important localised flow features.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 2001

When a high-power laser beam is irradiated on the surface of material, it is well known that a cavity, called a keyhole induced by the pressure action of the vapor plume, is generated in the molten material. This paper describes the interaction between a pulsed CO$_2$ laser beam and water. The laser-beam is used to generate and maintain a conical depression in the water surface similar to the keyhole created during laser penetration welding. Experimental results show that the depth of laser-beam penetration is limited by hydrodynamic instability. The instability of the surface cavity can be understood by the capillary instability of a hollow jet. Theoretical computation of the steady keyhole shape has been performed. modifying the model suggested by Andrews et al. (1976). The model predicts the qualitative behavior of the keyhole but significantly underestimates the average diameter.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.120-125
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• 2004

Fatigue life of welded joints are governed by the propagation of multiple collinear surface cracks distributed randomly along weld bead. These cracks propagate in mutual interaction and coalescence of them. To estimate the fatigue life, the influences of above two mechanisms on the fatigue life should be taken into account. These two mechanisms appear through the stress intensity factors disturbed mutually. However, it is difficult to calculate the stress intensity factors of multiple surface cracks located in vicinity of weld toe. The stress intensity factors are calculated normally by using the Mk-factors, but such Mk-factors are very rare in literature. In this study, the Mk-factors were obtained from a parametric study on crack length and depth, in which a finite element method is used. A fatigue test for a cruciform welded joint was conducted. The fatigue life of the tested specimen was estimated through present method with the informations obtained from the test, e.g. the number, size and locations of the cracks. The estimated and measured fatigue life showed a good agreement.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.619-637
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• 2005

The objective of this research was to determine the Vlasov soil parameters for quadratically varying elasticity modulus $E_s$(z) of the compressible soil continuum and discuss the interaction affect between two close plates. Interaction problem carried on for uniformly distributed load carrying plates. Plate region was simulated by Kirchhoff plate theory based (mixed or displacement type) 2D elements and the foundation continuum was simulated by displacement type 2D elements. At the contact region, plate and foundation elements were geometrically coupled with each other. In this study the necessary formulas for the Vlasov parameters were derived when Young's modulus of the soil continuum was varying as a quadratic function of z-coordinate through the depth of the foundation. In the examples, first the elements and the iterative FE algorithm was verified and later the results of quadratic variation of $E_s$(z) were compared with the previous examples in order to discuss the general behavior. As a final example two plates close to each other resting on elastic foundation were handled to see their interaction influences on the Vlasov foundation parameters. Original examples were solved using both mixed and displacement type plate elements in order to confirm the results.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2002

A computationally efficient stiffness design method for building structures is proposed in which dynamic soil-structure interaction based on the wave-propagation theory is taken into account. A sway-rocking shear building model with appropriate ground impedances derived from the cone models due to Meek and Wolf (1994) is used as a simplified design model. Two representative models, i.e. a structure on a homogeneous half-space ground and a structure on a soil layer on rigid rock, are considered. Super-structure stiffness satisfying a desired stiffness performance condition are determined via an inverse problem formulation for a prescribed ground-surface response spectrum. It is shown through a simple yet reasonably accurate model that the ground conditions, e.g. homogeneous half-space or soil layer on rigid rock (frequency-dependence of impedance functions), ground properties (shear wave velocity), depth of surface ground, have extensive influence on the super-structure design.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.698-703
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• 2007

A simplified model which incorporates the moment-axial tension interaction of the double-span beams in a column-removed steel frame is presented in this paper. To this end, material and geometric nonlinear parametric finite element analyses were conducted for the double-span beams by changing the beam span to depth ratio and the beam size within some practical ranges. The beam span to depth ratio was shown to be the most influential factor governing the catenary action of the double-span beams. Based on the parametric analysis results, a simplified piecewise linear model which can reasonably describe the vertical, resisting force versus the beam chord rotation relationship was proposed. It was also shown that the proposed method can readily be used for the energy-based progressive collapse analysis of steel moment frames.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2013

This paper presents a robotic system that provides telepresence to the visually impaired by combining real-time haptic rendering with multi-modal interaction. A virtual-proxy based haptic rendering process using a RGB-D sensor is developed and integrated into a unified framework for control and feedback for the telepresence robot. We discuss the challenging problem of presenting environmental perception to a user with visual impairments and our solution for multi-modal interaction. We also explain the experimental design and protocols, and results with human subjects with and without visual impairments. Discussion on the performance of our system and our future goals are presented toward the end.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.445-446
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• 2019

Recently, attention has been focused on mixed reality (MR) technology, which provides an experience that can not be realized in reality by fusing virtual information into the real world. Mixed reality has the advantage of having excellent interaction with reality and maximizing immersion feeling. In this paper, we propose a method to acquire a point cloud for the production of mixed reality contents using multiple Depth and RGB camera system.