• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.743-751
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• 2015

Cloud gaming services are heavily dependent on the efficiency of real-time video streaming technology owing to the limited bandwidths of wire or wireless networks through which consecutive frame images are delivered to gamers. Video compression algorithms typically take advantage of similarities among video frame images or in a single video frame image. This paper presents a method for computing and extracting both graphics information and an object's boundary from consecutive frame images of a game application. The method will allow video compression algorithms to determine the positions and sizes of similar image blocks, which in turn, will help achieve better video compression ratios. The proposed method can be easily implemented using function call interception, a programmable graphics pipeline, and off-screen rendering. It is implemented using the most widely used Direct3D API and applied to a well-known sample application to verify its feasibility and analyze its performance. The proposed method computes various kinds of graphics information with minimal overhead.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.111-119
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• 1991

작금에 사용되고 있는 RC 구조물의 대개의 내진설계기법은 지진시 RC 구조물에 발생되는 손상의 분포상태를 고려치 않고 있다. 본 논문은 철근 콘크리트 구조물의 새로운 내진설계법 즉 Miner's 법칙을 수정한 지진 발생시의 흡수에너지(Dissipated Energy)를 변수로 하는 손상모델(3)를 사용하여 RC 프레임의 각각의 Node에서의 손상정도를 수치적으로 나타내고 이들 손상값의 크기가 전 부재에 고르게 분포토록 하기 위하여 각 부재의 주철근량을 설계변수로 채택한 설계기법을 소개하였다. 사용된 이력모델 및 손상모델의 정확성을 평가하기 위하여 해석적인 하중-변형곡선을 재생하여 실험곡선과 비교분석하였으며 제안된 내진설계법의 유용성은 3-bay 4-story 프레임 모델을 사용하여 입증하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.202-210
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• 1998

This paper is concerned with an efficient generation of stereoscopic views for complex virtual environments by exploiting frame coherence in visibility. The basic idea is to keep visible polygons throughout the rendering process. P-buffer, a buffer of image size, holds the id of the visible polygon for each pixel. This contrasts to the frame buffer and the Z-buffer which hold the color information and the depth information, respectively. For the generation of a consecutive image, the position and the orientation of the visible polygons in the current view are updated according to the viewer's movements, and re-rendered on the current image under the assumption that, when the viewer moves slightly, the visibility of polygons remains unchanged. In the case of stereoscopic views, it may not introduce much difficulty when we render the right(left) image using visible polygons on the (right) image only, The less difference in two images is, the easier the matching becomes in perceiving depth. Some psychophysical experiments have been conducted to support this claim. The computational complexity for generating a fight(left) image from the previous left(right) image is bounded by the size of image space, and accordingly. It is somewhat independent of the complexity of the 3-D scene.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.209-223
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• 2019

The assessment of wind-induced vibration for tall reinforced concrete (RC) buildings requires the accurate estimation of their dynamic properties, e.g., the fundamental vibration periods and damping ratios. In this study, RC frame-shear wall systems designed under gravity and wind loadings have been evaluated by utilising 3D FE modelling incorporating eigen-analysis to obtain the elastic periods of vibration. The conducted parameters consist of the number of storeys, the plan aspect ratio (AR) of buildings, the core dimensions, the space efficiency (SE), and the leasing depth (LD) between the internal central core and outer frames. This analysis provides a reliable basis for further investigating the effects of these parameters and establishing new formulas for predicting the fundamental vibration periods by using regression analyses on the obtained results. The proposed constrained numerically based formula for vibration periods of tall RC frame-shear wall office buildings in terms of the height of buildings reasonably agrees with some cited formulas for vibration period from design codes and standards. However, the same proposed formula has a high discrepancy with other cited formulas from the rest of design codes and standards. Also, the proposed formula agrees well with some cited experimentally based formulas.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 단일 프레임 영상에서 초점을 이용하여 초기 깊이정보를 추출한 후 입체 영상을 생성하는 방법을 제안하였다. 단일 프레임 영상에서 깊이를 추정하기 위해 원본 영상과 가우시안 필터를 중첩 적용하여 생성된 영상의 비교를 통해 영상의 초점 값을 추출하고 추출된 값을 기반으로 초기 깊이정보를 생성하도록 하였다. 생성된 초기 깊이정보를 Normalized cut을 이용한 객체 분할 결과에 할당하고 각 객체의 깊이를 객체 내 깊이 정보의 평균값으로 보정하여 동일 객체가 같은 깊이 값을 갖도록 하였다. 객체를 제외한 배경 영역은 객체를 제외한 배경 영역의 에지 정보를 이용하여 깊이를 생성하였다. 생성된 깊이를 DIBR(Depth Image Based Rendering)을 이용하여 입체 영상으로 변환하였고 기존 알고리즘을 통해 생성된 영상과 비교 분석하였다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.104-108
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• 2007

This paper deals with an approach to the reduction of potential rise according to the buried depth of structure. In order to analyze the surface potential rise of structure, an electrolytic tank which simulates the semi-infinite earth has been used. The potential rise has been measured and analyzed for types of structure using an electrolytic tank experimental apparatus in real time. The structure models were designed through reducing real buildings and fabricated with four types on a scale of one-one hundred sixty. When a test current flowed through structure models, potential gradient was the highest value in case of the outline frame type(structure model A). The distributions of surface potential rise are dependent on the resistivity and absorption percentage in concrete attached to structure model.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.818-819
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 디지털 홀로그래픽 방송 서비스를 위한 콘텐츠 암호화 기술을 제안한다. 디지털 홀로그래픽 비디오 서비스는 현존하는 2차원 또는 3차원 비디오를 서비스하는 시스템의 프레임, 즉 데이터의 획득, 처리, 전송, 수신, 복원의 과정을 그대로 따른다고 가정한다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 시스템을 위해 RGB 영상과 깊이정보의 암호화를 수행한다. 실험결과 전체 데이터 중에서 0.048%의 데이터만을 암호화하여 원본 RGB 영상과 깊이정보의 시각적인 정보를 은닉할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2022

Many new techniques have been adopted in HEVC (High efficiency video coding) standard, such as quadtree-structured coding unit (CU), prediction unit (PU) partition, 35 intra-mode, and so on. To reduce computational complexity, the paper proposes two optimization algorithms which include fast CU depth range decision and fast PU partition mode decision. Firstly, depth range of CU is predicted according to spatial-temporal correlation. Secondly, we utilize the depth difference between the current CU and CU corresponding to the same position of adjacent frame for PU mode range selection. The number of traversal candidate modes is reduced. The experiment result shows the proposed algorithm obtains a lot of time reducing, and the loss of coding efficiency is inappreciable.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2002

내측 측두엽 간질(mesial temporal lobe epilepsy)의 침습적 검사는 심부전극(depth electrode)을 이용한 진단이 정확하여 임상에서 이용되고 있다. 심부전극 삽입은 occipito-temporal route를 이용하는 방법이 많이 이용되고 있다. 본원에서는 occipito-temporal 경로를 심부전극의 삽입부위를 수 작업으로 계산하여 MRI에서 확인하고, 시행하였다. 그러나 MR 영상에서 frame과 cutting line 사이에 정확하게 수평ㆍ수직이 일치하지 않음으로 오차가 발생하고, 수 작업으로 계산하면 많은 시간이 소요되는 문제가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 MRI 촬영 후 기하학적 오차의 보정으로 정확한 계산을 즉시 시행하여, 바로 시술을 시행할 수 있도록 프로그램을 개발하였고, 17명의 환자에 적용하여 이 프로그램의 임상유용성을 확인하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2008

This study aims to find out the characteristics and the type classification of contemporary public libraries in terms of browsing circuit. In so doing, it is to analyze 21 recently built libraries by using the browsing circuit, the spatial depth and the spatial layout. The study makes use of codes derived from the concept of 'Classification' and 'Frame' suggested by a pedagogist, Basil Bernstein. As a result, it shows that two codes are phased in overseas cases. In other words, one type is a lower depth of space and a high rate of rings with the multi-layer circuits and the three-dimensional circuit of multi-centered. the other type is the higher depth of space and a low rate of rings with the single-layer circuit and the multi-layer circuit of single-centered. In domestic cases, 4 types are shown. The characteristics of layout are seen as a radial shape and the rate of rings is lower than the overseas cases. It can be said that these results are a transitional phenomenon. For browsing circuit, domestic public libraries would be adapted to the three-dimensional circuit of multi-centered, a lower depth of space and a high rate of rings. By instructions of this plan, the real meaning of a public library will be come true.