• Title/Summary/Keyword: Department Store Retailers

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The Study on Customer Loyalty Programs of Retailers (유통 업태별 고객보상프로그램 실태 조사)

  • Park, Min-Jung;Jung, So-Jin
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.242-252
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of the study was to investigate customer loyalty programs of diverse types of retailers. As offline retailers, department store and discount store retailers were examined, and as nonstore retailers, online store and TV home shopping retailers were investigated. Types of customer loyalty programs were analyzed based on Dowling and Uncles'(1997) loyalty program framework which included two schemes, types of reward(direct versus indirect rewards) and timing of reward(immediate versus delayed rewards). The study found that different types of retailers utilized different types of loyalty programs: Department store used all the type of rewards, discount store focused on direct/immediate rewards, online store retailers used direct/delayed rewards and/or direct/immediate rewards, and TV home shopping retailers focused on direct/delayed rewards. The study provided diverse managerial and academic implications.

A Study on the Retail Competitive Structure When a Large Discount Store Enters Small Cities (대형할인점의 중소도시 진입에 따른 소매점 유통경쟁구조 분석)

  • 박성용
    • Journal of Distribution Research
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.21-44
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    • 2003
  • The entry of large discount stores into small cities such as Choonchun or Wonju have had a profound impacts on the businesses of small-sized retailers. The impacts of the entry by large discount store will be much larger than those of the entry by department store or other small-scale retailers. Most of research studies on the competitive retail structure focused on the change of retailing in the advanced countries dynamically and investigated macro-trends in sales and market share. As a result, they tend to overlook the micro aspects of consumers" perception and actual behaviors. Furthermore, they tend to limit their research scopes to relatively competitive retailers not to overall competitive structures. In this study, we analyze the overall competitive structures by investigating the retailers" characteristics, perceptions of consumers on retailers and actual purchase of products across different types of retailers We could obtain competitive retail structure. Based on that, we discuss the strategies on the revitalization and enhancement of small-sized retailers" productivities.

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The Effect of Perceived Shopping Value Dimensions on Attitude toward Store, Emotional Response to Store Shopping, and Store Loyalty (지각된 쇼핑가치차원이 점포태도, 쇼핑과정에서의 정서적 경험, 점포충성도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn Kwang Ho;Lee Ha Neol
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.137-164
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    • 2011
  • In the past, retailers secured customer loyalty by offering convenient locations, unique assortments of goods, better services than competitors, and good credit policy. All this has changed. Goods assortments among stores have become more alike as national-brand manufacturers place their goods in more and more retail stores. Service differentiation also has eroded. Many department stores have trimmed services, and many discount stores have increased theirs. Customers have become smarter shoppers. They don't pay more for identical brands, especially when service differences have diminished. In the face of increased competition from discount storess and specialty stores, department stores are waging a comeback war. Growth of intertype competition, competition between store-based and non-store-based retailing and growing investment in technology are changing the way consumers shop and retailers sell. Different types of stores-discount stores, catalog showrooms, department stores-all compete for the same consumers by carrying the same type of merchandise. The biggest winners are retailers that have helped shoppers to be economically cautious, simplified their increasingly busy and complicated lives, and provided an emotional connection. The growth of e-retailers has forced traditional brick-and-mortar retailers to respond. Basically brick-and-mortar retailers utilize their natural advantages, such as products that shoppers can actually see, touch, and test, real-life customer service, and no delivery lag time for small-sized purchases. They also provide a shopping experience as a strong differentiator. They are adopting practices as calling each shopper a "guest". The store atmosphere should match the basic motivations of the shopper. If target consumers are more likely to be in a task-oriented and functional mindset, then a simpler, more restrained in-store environment may be better. Consistent with this reasoning, some retailers of experiential products are creating in-store entertainment to attract customers who want fun and excitement. The retail experience must deliver value to turn a one-time visitor into a loyal customer. Retailers need a tool that measures the full range of components that define experience-based value. This study uses an experiential value scale(EVS) developed by Mathwick, Malhotra and Rigdon(2001) which reflects the benefits derived from perceptions of playfulness, aesthetics, customer "return on investment" and service excellence. EVS is useful to predict differences in shopping preferences and patronage behavior of customers. EVS consists of items measuring efficiency, economic value, visual appeal, entertainment value, service excellence, escapism, and intrinsic enjoyment, which are subscales of experiencial value. Efficiency, economic value, service excellence are linked to the utilitarian shopping value. And visual appeal, entertainment value, escapism and intrinsic enjoyment are linked to hedonic shopping value. It has been found that consumers value hedonic experiences activated from escapism and attractiveness of shopping environment as much as the product quality, price, and the convenient location. As a result, many department stores, discount stores, and other retailers are introducing differential marketing strategy based on emotional/hedonic values. Many researches suggest that consumers go shopping not only for buying products but also for various shopping experiences. In other words, they seek the practical, rational value as well as social, recreational values in the shopping process(Babin et al, 1994; Bloch et al, 1994). Retailers may enhance buyer's loyalty to store by providing excellent emotional/hedonic value such as the excitement from shopping, not just the practical value of buying good products efficiently. We investigate the effect of perceived shopping values on the emotional experience and store loyalty based on the EVS(Experiential Value Scales) developed by Holbrook(1994), Mathwick, Malhotra and Rigdon(2001). This study assumes that the relative effect of shopping value dimensions on the responses of shoppers will differ according to types of stores and analyzes the moderating effect of store type(department store VS. discount store) on the causal relationship between shopping value dimensions and store loyalty. Emprical results show that utilitarian values of shopping experience and hedonic value of shipping experience give the positive effect on the emotional response of consumers and store loyalty. We also found the moderating effect of store types. The effect of utilitarian shopping values on the attitude toward discount store is higher than the effect of utilitarian shopping values on the attitude toword department store. And the effect of hedonic shopping value on the emotional response to discount store is higher than on the emotional response to department store. The empirical results reflect on the recent trend that discount stores try to fulfill the hedonic needs of consumers as well as utilitarian needs(i.e, low price) that discount stores traditionally have focused on

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Effects of Buyer Position on Job Performance and Store Performance in Power Retailers (대형소매점 구매담당자의 PAQ차원이 업무성과 및 점포성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Yeung-Kurn;Kim, Tae-Sik
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.7
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    • pp.209-238
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    • 2001
  • Objectives of this study were: First, to review the effect of buyer position in power retailer on job performance and store performance. Second, to set up research model specifying relationships between the PAQ dimensions of retailer's buyer, job performance and store performance. Third, to test hypotheses derived from the research model of this study and to establish strategy for managing discount store and department store. Marketing Implications of this study were: First, buyers of power retailers should respond more actively to rapidly changing purchasing situation. Second, job content of buyers in power retailers can be redesigned based upon results of this study. Third, as the size and the length of operation of retailers increase, an innovative system should be invented to enhance the effectiveness of power retailers. Limitations of this study were: First, validity and reliability of data collection methods used in this study were questionable for the lack of past researches in Korea. Second, static research method was employed in this study. Generalization over different time interval was almost impossible from results of this study.

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How do Korean Respond to Japanese Retailers?

  • CHO, Young-Sang;CHUNG, Ji-Bok;SHIM, Hye-Eun
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.19 no.10
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    • pp.87-97
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: Compared with the past when Japanese retailers used to hesitate to open their shops in the Korean market, because of anti-Japan sentiment, they show confidence in Korea in recent. This study, thus, aims at examining how socio-demographic factors have an impact on customer attitudes towards a Japanese retailer as a shopping destination. Research design, data, and methodology: After the literature review process, the authors have developed a variety of questions to verify the relationship amongst the variables like nationalism, consumer ethnocentrism, war animosity, store country-of-origin and anti-Japan sentiment. Furthermore, after collected questionnaires, the authors used confirmative factor analysis (CFA), T test and linear regression analysis to verify the 25 hypotheses developed. Results: Except for a household size element, it is found that gender, age, education and income levels are related to the degree of nationalism, ethnocentrism, war animosity, store country-of-origin and anti-Japan sentiment. In other words, socio-economic elements influenced Korean customer attitudes towards Japanese retailers. Conclusions: Korean customers tend to show different shopping attitudes towards the Japanese retailers, depending on the characteristics of socio-demographic elements. Furthermore, changing socio-demographic factors will provide positive business opportunities for Japanese retailers in the future.

The Study on the Impact of the Large Discount Store Entry on Conventional Market and on the Methods of Revitalization of Conventional Market (대형할인점 진입에 따른 재래시장에의 영향 및 재래시장 활성화 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Seong-Yong;Lee, Sang-Ho;Oh, Tae-Hyun
    • Korean Business Review
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    • v.14
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    • pp.95-128
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    • 2001
  • The entry of large discount stores such as LG-mart, E-mart into small cities such as Choonchun or Wonju have had a profound impact on the business of small-sized retailers. The impact of the entry by large discount store is too big compared to that of the entry by department store. Now, it becomes the matter of survival for small-sized retailers. Regulation and protection are not the best solutions to solve these problems. It cannot solve the fundamental problems. Consumer buy products based on their needs not retailers' problems. Without satisfying consumers' various needs and wants, retailers can not survive. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand retail competition from the perspective of consumers and investigate overall retail competition not competition between two different types of retailers. In this study, we analyze the relationship between products and purchasing places, the competitive relationship among retailers. As a result, we get big picture of retail market and discuss the revitalization of conventional retailers. In addition, we propose new solutions to conventional retailers' problems from the perspective of consumers.

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Korean Customer Attitudes Towards Retail Regulations

  • Cho, Young-Sang;Chung, Lak-Chae;Yu, Pom-Tong
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 2016
  • Purpose - This study is to identify how the retail regulations influence customer shopping behaviours and furthermore, whether the Store Closing Act really protects independent retailers as well as traditional markets in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology - By adopting frequency analysis and factor analysis method, the research achieved research objectives. Before a field survey, the authors pre-tested the questionnaire developed, based on similar previous articles, and finalized. Amongst the 353 questionnaires distributed, 332 were returned. It means the response rate is 94.5%. Furthermore, available questionnaires are 330. Results - Rather than stimulating customers to more frequently visit public markets, the regulation has provoked new customer shopping behaviours. In other words, some consumers tend to shop in big box retailers before or after a store closing day, whereas others are likely to stop shopping. What is important is that customers do not patronise small retailers and conventional markets, thanks to the Store Closing Act. Conclusions - In order to keep retailers and public markets independent, the researchers suggest that the government should introduce new techniques without impeding the growth of a retailing sector.

Consumer Loyalty toward Organic Food Retail Stores: Perceived Value and Value Co-creation Behavior

  • Myeongeun PARK;Soye YOU;Xianxia WU
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.22 no.7
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    • pp.107-117
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: Consumers have become more interested in eating organic food in recent decades because of the effect of merchants' advertising. Eating organic food is also shown to strengthen immunity, especially during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, consumers may find it more difficult to choose organic food retailers than to purchase conventional goods. This is because of the uncertainty characterizing the process of selecting organic food retailers, despite the growing rivalry across supermarket chains that sell organic goods. This study explores how consumers' perceived image (social responsibility and ability image) of organic food stores affects consumer loyalty. Research design, data and methodology: The data for the analysis were collected using Macromill Embrain, an online research service agency. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and Smart PLS 4.0. Results: Based on structural equation modeling, the findings of the study demonstrate that store image positively impactsstore loyalty, and that the mediator (perceived value) affects the relationship between the two variables. Conclusions: Organic food stores must understand consumers to improve store loyalty. Efforts such as providing a user community that enables joint behavior by sharing experiences among customers or launching campaigns to improve consumers' perceived brand identity can increase store loyalty.

The Effect of Brand Image Inconsistency on Patronage Intent in U.S. Multi-channel Retailing

  • Yoo, Jung-Min;Kim, Min-Jeong
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.25-37
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    • 2011
  • Website design (due to increased online retailing) has received more attention as a way to influence consumer responses (Eroglu et al., 2001, 2003; Kim et al., 2009; Kim & Lennon, 2008; Yoo et al., 2010); however, the website design of multichannel retailers has not been examined from the perspective of the consistency of online store image with the brand image. This study examines the effect of brand image consistency (especially through the website) on consumer attitude and patronage intentions. The findings of this research will add to the growing body of literature on multichannel retailing and provide practical information for online retailers in the development of a website for their online business.

A Comparative Study on the Performance of Retailers in Korea: Focus on the Growth of Non-­store e-­commerce Business (우리나라 소매업태 간의 경영성과에 관한 비교 연구 - 무점포통신판매업의 성장을 중심으로 -)

  • Koo, Kyoungmo
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.39-56
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    • 2019
  • This study addresses the management performance of the retail industry in Korea. The Non-store e-commerce business, consisting of TV home shopping and online shopping, grew very fast during the 2000s. For roughly six years in the 2010s, the diversification of online shopping business models, intensifying competition, and the proliferation of competition accelerated the entry of offline shopping retailers. During the analysis period from 2001 to 2016, the performance of the Non-­store e-commerce business was statistically better than that of the offline shopping retail business, department stores, general retailers, and small­-sized retailers. As expected, a significant difference between performance and some of the indicators of growth and activity could be seen because of the capital and operating structure of the retail industry. In particular, the Non-store e-commerce businesses have diverse sales media and heterogeneous business models. In this study, we have presented the significance of the differences in the indicators of operating profit and inventory turnover, as well as the discussion required for managing in the future.