• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2007

목 적 : 소아 심경부 농양은 항생제 치료가 보편화되고 구강 위생이 향상되어 감소하는 질병으로 생각되었으나, 최근 발생 빈도가 다시 증가하고 있다는 보고가 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 몇 년간의 소아 심경부 농양 사례들을 분석하여 치료에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 방 법 : 순천향 대학교 부속 부천 병원에서 2001년 2월부터 2006년 7월까지 임상증상과 경부 CT 및 경부 초음파 검사를 통해 심경부 농양으로 진단받은 16세 이하 30례의 소아를 대상으로 임상적 자료를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 발생 연령은 평균 9세(2세-16세)였으며 11세 이상이 14례(46%)로 대부분을 차지하였고 남녀 비는 19:11이었다. 편도주위 17례(57%), 인두후부 9례(30%), 인두주위 공간 4례(13%) 순서로 발생하였다. 선행 원인을 알 수 없는 경우가 11례(37%)였으며, 밝혀진 원인으로는 상기도 감염이 10례(33%), 치성감염 4례(14%)였고, 그 외 경부림프절염 3례(10%)와 부비동염 2례(6%)가 있었다. 치성감염이 선행 원인이었던 4례는 모두 인두주위 농양이었고, 부비동염과 연관되어 발생한 2례는 모두 인두후부 농양이었다. 임상 증상은 발열 16례(53%), 인후통 15례(50 %), 경구 섭취 저하 10례(33%), 연하곤란 8례(27%), 경부통증 8례(27%)의 순이었다. 진찰 소견은 편측 편도비대 및 전위가 15례(50%)로 가장 흔하였고, 압통을 동반한 경부종창 13례(43%), 경부강직 3례(10%) 및 개구장애 3례(10%)가 있었다. 농양의 세균배양 검사를 실시한 10례 중 8례에서 균이 동정되었고, 연쇄상구균이 7례, Micrococcus luteus 1례였다. Micrococcus luteus 1례를 제외하고는 모두 penicillin G에 감수성을 보였다. 12례(40%)에서 항생제와 함께 외과적 처치를 병용하였으며, 나머지 18례(60%)에서는 항생제만을 사용하였다. 이 두 군 간에 입원 기간과 항생제 투여 기간에 차이는 없었으며, 전례에서 합병증이 발생한 경우는 없었다. 결 론 : 소아 심경부 농양은 편도주위 농양이 가장 흔하였다. 밝혀진 선행 원인으로는 상기도 감염이 가장 흔하였으며, 치성감염, 부비동염도 원인으로 작용하였다. 주로 발열, 인후통, 경부 통증 등으로 발현하였고, 기도 폐쇄 증상을 보인 경우는 없었다. 원인균은 연쇄상구균이 대부분을 차치하였다. 60%에서 항생제 투여만으로 치유 가능했던 것으로 미루어 소아 심경부 농양은 조기 진단만 된다면 항생제만으로 치료가 가능한 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2000

The following results have been obtaind after examing 72patients with facial paralysis who were hospitalzed and treated through the time period of December 1st, 1996 to November 30th, 1999 at the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion of Seoul Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University. During the examination, those 72 patients were divided into two groups, and One group was treated by oriental-western treatment, the other group was treated by oriental treatment. Oriental treatments were acupuncture and moxibustion, herb medicine, physical treatment and hygienic treatment. The one of main western treatments is steroid therapy. The results were obtained as follows : 1. In regard to signs at the first medical examination, lacrimation was showed highest number and facial paralysis, dysgeusia, hyperacusis were showed in numerical order. 2. In regard to prescription of oriental herb medicine, Kamissangbotang(加味雙補湯) was prescribed in greatest numbers and Boyangwhanotang(補陽還五湯), Kamiboiktang(加味補益湯), Ligigepungtang(理氣祛風湯) were prescribed in numerical order. 3. In regard to treatment number, 10~19 times for treatment was showed highest number and 1~9 times, 20~29 times, 40~49 times were showed in numerical order . 4. In regard to mean treatment times about injury region and main sign, the effect of oriental-western treatment was showed as follows: lacrimal gland disorder, hyperacusis, dysgeusia, facial paralysis were treated for 15.1, 27, 13.2 and 21.4 times, repectively. The effect of oriental treatment was showed as follows: lacrimal gland disorder, hyperacusis, dysgeusia, facial paralysis were treated for 34.8, 22.1, 33.8 and 16.3 times, respectively. 5. In regard ta the effect of treatment about injury region and main sign, oriental-western treatment was showed as follows: cases of lacrimal gland disorder were showed 1 of excellent case, 1 of fair case, 5 of good cases. In hyperacusis patients, there was showed 1 of fair case. In dysgeusia patients, there was showed 1 of excellent case, 3 of fair cases, 1 of good case. In facial paralysis, there were showed 5 of fair cases. Oriental treatment was showed as follows: In lacrimal gland disorder, the excellent were 4 cases, the fair were 10 cases, the good were 3 cases and the poor were 4 cases, In hyperacusis, the fair were 5 cases, the poor 2 cases. In dysgeusia, the excellent were 4 cases, the fair were 1 case, the good were 1 case and the poor was 1 case, In facial paralysis, the excellent were 9 cases, the fair were 4 cases, the good 3 cases and the poor were 3 cases. 6. The effect of total treatment was as follows: 30 cases were showed fair effect, 19 cases were showed excellent effect, 13 cases were showed good effect and 10 cases were showed poor effect. 7. In regard to attack factor, overlabour was showed highest number and wind-cold, mental stress, trauma, ear disease, common cold, dental diseae, reason unknwon were showed in numerical order. 8. In regard to premonitory symptoms, non significant symptoms were in 38 cases, the pain of peri-stylomastoid region were in 38 cases and headache, dysaesthesia of periorbit, dysgeusia, stomatitis, eyelid tic were showed in numerical order. 9. In regard to sex, male were 33 cases and female were 39 cases. The distribution of age was disclosed that thirty, forty, fifty, seventy, sixty, twenty and below twenty years were revealed in turn. Sex and paralytic side were showed as follows: male-left were 15 cases, male-right were 18 cases, female-left were 19 cases and female-right were 19 cases. In regard to attack frequence in month, March was showed highest number and January, April, May, August, October, etc were showed in numerical order. In regard to attack frequence in season, spring was showed highest number and winter, summer, fall were showed in numerical order, but attack frequence between four seasons wasn't showed significant difference.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.164-176
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• 1998

This study deals with the current medical utilization for migrant workers and the characteristics of them. The purpose of this study is to provide the basic information to establish proper medical policy. For the study self-made questionnaire was used, which was answered by 453 migrant workers working in the area of manufacturing and non-technical work in 10 cities like Seoul, Inchon, Namyangju, Sungnam, Kwangju, Pyungchon, Kunpo, Kimpo, Masuk in Kyungki-do and Chunan in Chungchungnam-do. Besides, 303 medical records of those who had visited free medical check-up center were analyzed. The period of accumulating data is 6 months, from November 1st, 1996 to April 30th, 1997. The characteristics of migrant workers and current medical utilization are analyzed by percentage and the relation between characteristics and current medical utilization were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA. The finding of this study was as follows : 1) The number of nationality was 16. The first majority was Philippians as 32.0%. Among 16 nationalities Southeastern and Northern Asians were 48.9%, Southwestern Asian was 46.5%, the rest was 7.3%. Men were 81.0%, those who are aged from 26 to 30 were 39.0%, Graduatee from high school 92.7%, Christians 56.3%, unmarried 55.4% and salary from 600,000 Won to 800,000 Won 53.8% averaging monthly payment 669,810 Won. As for their residence, those who resided over 3 years were 31.9% and the illegal residence reached 77.4%. As for Korean language, those who speak in middle level were 5.6%. 2) As for kind of work and circumstances, manufacturing was 81.1%, 4 off-days per month 72.2% and 9-10 working hours per day 42.1%. As for accommodation, residence in fabric was 62.6% and one or two members as roommate 40.2%. 3) The characteristics of health behavior showed that 89.4% of migrant workers had 3 meals, 70.9% of them did not drink alcohol, 73.5% of them did not smoke. 4) As a characteristic of health status, 71.8% of them perceived of their health. 76.1% thought that they had no illness before coming Korea. Among them who recognized their illness, those who had problem in circulatory system was 35.3%, respiratory system ENT 19.1% and nervous system 19.1%.66.2% of those having illness had already had sickness when coming to Korea. 5) During last one month, 79.2% of them were known as ones having no illness. Among the sick, those who had problem in circulatory system was 31.6%, nervous system 23.7% and respiratory system 21.1%. 60.3% of the sick were not cured at that time. 6) Sorting the symptom of those who visited free medical check up, dental care was 24.2%, orthopedic 14.0% and digestive system 13.8%. Teethache was 34.4%, stomach problem 11.6%, upper respiratory inflammation 10.2% and back pain 5.9%. Averagely they visited free medical check up 1-2 times. According to symptom, epilepsy 25.5 times, heart and vascular disease 9 times, constipation 2.8%, neurosis 2.38 times and stomach problem 2.34 times. 7) The most frequently visited medical service by migrant workers was hospital. The most mentioned reason was good healing as 36.3%. The medical service satisfied migrant workers mostly was hospital as 64.3%. The reason of satisfaction was also good healing as 45.9%. 8) 77.2% of respondents did not spend money for medical check. Average monthly medical cost was 25,100 Won, 3.7% of income. Those who had no medical security was 73.4%. In their case, 67.7% got discount from hospital or support from working place and religious organization. 9) As for the difference of medical utilization according for the characteristics of migrant workers, legal workers and no-Korean speaker used hospital more frequently. 10) Those who were satisfied most of all with the service of hospital were female workers, hinduists and buddhists, legal workers or manufacture workers. 11) Christians, those who have 3 meals or recognize themselves as healthy ones mostly had no illness. As a result, the most of migrant workers in Korea are from Asia. They are good educated but are working in manufacturing and illegal. Their average income is under 700,000 Won which in not enough for medical cost. They have no medical security and medical fee is supported by religious organization or discounted. Considering these facts the medical policy by government is to be established.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.100-115
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide containing nerve fibers in rat pulp after dentinl injury by means of immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscope. The Spague-Dawley rats weighing about 250-300gm were used. The animals were devided into normal control and experimental groups. Experimental animals were sacrified 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 21days after dentinal injury (dentin cutting, and then acid etching with 35% phosphoric acid) on the maxillary molar teeth. The maxillary teeth and alveolar bone were removed and immersed in the 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), then were decalcified with 15% formic acid for 10 days. Serial frozen $50{\mu}m$ thick sections were cut on a cryostat. The rabbit CGRP antibody was used as a primary antibody with a dilution of 1:2000 in 0.01M PB. The sections were incubated for 48 hours at $4^{\circ}C$, and placed into biotinylated antirabbit Ig G as a secondary anti body with dilution of 1:200 in 0.01M PB and incubated in ABC(avidin-biotin complex). The peroxidase reaction was visualized by incubating the sections in 0.05% 3,3 diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride containing 0.02% $H_2O_2$. For the confocal laser scanning microscopic examination, Primary antibody reaction was same as immunoperoxidase stainning, but fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-conjugate antirabbit IgG as a secondary antibody was used. The confocal laser scanning microscope was used for the examination. A series of images of optical sections was collected with a 20x objective at $3{\mu}m$ intervals throughout the depth of specimen. FITC fluerescence was registrated through a 488nm and 568nm excitation filter, and images were saved on optical disk. The stereoscopic images and three dimentionnal images were reconstructed by computer software, and then were analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. In normal control group, CGRP containing nerve fibers were coursed through the root with very little branching, and then formed a dense network of terminals in coronal pulp. 2. A slight increase in CGRP containing nerve fibers at 1 and 2day postinjury was noted subjacent to the injury site. In the 4day group, there were an extensive increase in the number of reactive fibers, followed by a partial return toward normal levels at 7~10 day postinjury, and return by 21days. 3. The sprouting of the CGRP containing nerve fibers was evident within 2day after dentinal injury, and by 4days there was a maximal increased, but was decreased at 7days and returned to normal 10~21 day postinjury. 4. In confocal laser scanning microscopic exammination, the distinct distribution pattern and sprouting reaction of CGRP containing nerve fibers were observed in stereoscopic images and three dimentional images. These results suggest that CGRP containing nerve fiber can be important role in the response to dental injury and pain regulation.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2002

유치에서는 영구치에 비해 법랑질의 두께가 얇고 약하며 상대적으로 큰 치수강으로 인하여 단시간에 치아우식증이 치수까지 이환되며, 외상 또는 치과치료 중 갑작스런 움직임으로 인하여 치수가 노출되는 경우가 빈번하다. 이러한 이유로 어린이에서의 치수처치는 필수적이며, 유치에서 치수치료의 목적은 감염된 치수조직을 제거하여 동통을 완화시키는 것 이외에도 크게는 치열궁을 보존하여 저작기능을 보호하고, 미래의 영구치열이 적절한 교합관계를 이루게 하는데 있다. 유치열에서 성공적인 치수치료를 위해서는 유치 치수의 형태, 유치 근관의 해부학적 형태, 치근형성, 그리고 유치 치근의 흡수와 관련된 특별한 문제점들에 대한 이해를 필요로 한다. 상악 대구치와 마찬가지로 상악 유구치의 근심 치근이 형태에 있어서 가장 큰 변이를 보인다고 알려져 있으며, 이 치근 내에 존재하는 모든 근관을 처치하지 못한다면 결국 치수치료는 실패할 것이다. 본 증례는 근관치료 중이거나 후에 지속적인 동통이나 근관 내 출혈이 지속되는 경우에서 상악 유구치의 근심협측치근의 제 2근심협측근관을 발견하고 처치한 후 임상증상 및 동통이 사라지고, 양호한 예후를 보였다. 또한 발거된 상악 유구치를 대상으로 한 조사 결과 상악 제 1유구치는 35개 증 8개(22.8%), 상악 제 2유구치는 33개 중 22개(66.6%)의 치아에서 제 2근심협측근관이 발견되었으며. 이는 상악 유구치의 근심협측치근 내에 두 개의 근관이 존재할 가능성이 높다는 것을 의미한다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.169-179
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• 2004

이 연구의 목적은 함치성 낭의 임상적 및 방사선적 특성을 세 그룹으로 나누어 살펴보고자 하였다. I, II, III군으로 나누었으며 첫 번째 I군은 함치성 낭에 이환된 부위가 유치 하방의 계승 영구치인 군이며, II군는 이환부위가 영구 대구치 부위인 군이며, III군은 이환부위가 상악 전치부의 과잉치인 경우로 나누었다. 저자는 I군의 49증례와 II군의 36증례, III군의 15증례들에 대하여 이들의 병록지와 파노라마 방사선 사진에 기초하여 임상적 및 방사선적 특성을 비교, 관찰하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 유치 하방의 영구 계승치를 포함하는 I 군이 49증례로 가장 많았고, II군과 III군이 각각 36증례, 15증례였다. 2. 함치성 낭은 전체적으로 10대에 가장 호발하였으며, 계승치군인 I군에서는 10대 이전과 초반에 87.8%, 대구치 군과 과잉치 군인 II군과 III군에서는 이보다 늦은 시기에 호발하였다. 3. 남자가 여자보다 2.5배 높은 발생 빈도를 보였다. 4. 환자의 내원 동기는 종창이 50%로 가장 많았고, 정기 검진 (32%), 동통(9%) 순이었다. 5. 낭의 유형은 I군에서 lateral type이 71.4%로 많았고, II군과 III군에서는 central type이 각각 94.4%, 100%로 많았다. 6. 병소의 크기는 I군에서는 2치관 크기가 II군에서는 1치관 크기가, III군에서는 4치관 크기 이상이 많았다. 7. 이환된 치아의 대부분은 변위를 보였고 변위된 치아의 일부에서 치근 발육이 지연되거나 치근 만곡 경 향을 보였다. 8. 낭의 성장에 의한 치조골 반응은 I군에서는 협측골 팽창(67.3%)이 많았고, II군에서는 골팽창이 일어나지 않은 경우(66.7%)가 많았으며, III군에서는 구개측 골팽창(60.0%)이 많았다. 9. 낭에 포함되는 치아로는 하악 제 3대구치가 31%로 가장 많았고 하악 제 2소구치 (30%), 상악 전치부 과잉치 (15%), 상악 견치 (8%), 하악 제 1소구치 (5%) 순이었다. 10. I군에서 추정되는 낭의 발생 원인으로는 치수절단술을 받은 유치가 59.2%로 가장 많았고 이외에 심한 우식 및 치료 받지 않은 외상 병력등 기타 가능한 원인들이 있었다. 11.함치성 낭의 치료법으로는 I군의 경우 61.2%에서 조대술이 시행되었고, II군과 III군의 경우 61.1%, 80.0%에서 적출술이 시행되었다.