• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2007

In acute hand injury, there are sometimes hattened neglected or overlooked vascular injury by primary operators. The authors evaluated the final results and prognosis after secondary revascularization. In eight cases, the authors performed secondary revascularization after prolonged warm ischemia. Five fingers in five cases among them were successfully survived and three cases finally necrosed. The mean warm ischemic time was 56.1 hours. In revascularization procedures, end-to-end artery anastomosis was possible in six cases. In two cases, vein graft was needed to anastomose digital artery, which resulted in complete survival of the fingers. In all three cases, revision amputation of the fingers was done. In acute complex hand injury, the importance of evaluation of the vascular injury can not be overemphasized. The necessity of the early secondary revascularization as well as serious consequence caused by misdiagnosis of vascular injury should be aware.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

Popliteal artery injury in blunt trauma of knee joint is not common but poses high rate of amputation due to anatomical characteristics or delayed diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present study is to review the authors' experiences with this condition and identify factors contributing to disability. We reviewed 7 cases of popliteal artery injury in trauma around knee. Injury mechanism, type of vessel damage, associated injuries, mangled extremity severity scores (MESS), ischemic time and additional treatments were analyzed. Tibial fracture, distal femoral fracture and serious soft tissue defect were combined. Mean MESS was 9.9 point and mean time of revascularization was 7.1 hours. Transfemoral amputation was performed in 2 cases due to vascular insufficiency and devastating infection, and 4 patients were able to walk without any support at the last follow up. Age, the severity of soft tissue injury, ischemic time and MESS are thought to be related to prognosis, and young patients with short ischemic time show best results, but authors experienced one exceptional case. We have to consider multiple factors related to the prognosis in popliteal artery injury with fractures around knee, and careful decision is needed regarding to early amputation.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.784-794
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• 2023

Objective: To determine whether dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to evaluate posterior cerebral circulation in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) who underwent anterior revascularization. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively included 73 patients with MMD who underwent DSC perfusion MRI (age, 12.2 ± 6.1 years) between January 2016 and December 2020, owing to recent-onset clinical symptoms during the follow-up period after completion of anterior revascularization. DSC perfusion images were analyzed using a dedicated software package (NordicICE; Nordic NeuroLab) for the middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and posterior border zone between the two regions (PCA-MCA). Patients were divided into two groups; the PCA stenosis group included 30 patients with newly confirmed PCA involvement, while the no PCA stenosis group included 43 patients without PCA involvement. The relationship between DSC perfusion parameters and PCA stenosis, as well as the performance of the parameters in discriminating between groups, were analyzed. Results: In the PCA stenosis group, the mean follow-up duration was 5.3 years after anterior revascularization, and visual disturbances were a common symptom. Normalized cerebral blood volume was increased, and both the normalized time-topeak (nTTP) and mean transit time values were significantly delayed in the PCA stenosis group compared with those in the no PCA stenosis group in the PCA and PCA-MCA border zones. TTP_PCA (odds ratio [OR] = 6.745; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.665-17.074; P < 0.001) and CBV_PCA-MCA (OR = 1.567; 95% CI = 1.021-2.406; P = 0.040) were independently associated with PCA stenosis. TTP_PCA showed the highest receiver operating characteristic curve area in discriminating for PCA stenosis (0.895; 95% CI = 0.803-0.986). Conclusion: nTTP can be used to effectively diagnose PCA stenosis. Therefore, DSC perfusion MRI may be a valuable tool for monitoring PCA stenosis in patients with MMD.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.478-481
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• 2008

Reverse redistribution is frequently observed after revascularization in acute myocardial infarction, and usually regarded as a predictor of viable myocardium on stress/rest and 2- to 4-hour redistribution $^{201}Tl$ SPECT. However, there is not enough report of reverse redistribution in case of 24-hour delayed SPECT, which is commonly used for viability assessment. In this report, a case of reverse redistribution on rest and 24-hour delayed $^{201}Tl$ SPECT is reported with use of automatic segmental quantitative analysis. The myocardium of reverse redistribution was dysfunctional on gated SPECT, and diagnosed as non-viable on $^{18}F-FDG$ PET.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2009

목적: Tc-99m tetrofosmin은 일반적으로 재분포 하지 않는 것으로 알려져 있으나 최근 일부 연구에서 Tc-99m tetrofomin의 재분포 현상이 보고 되고 있다. 본 연구는 재관류 치료를 받은 급성 심근경색 환자의 Tc-99m tetrofosmin 심근 관류 지연영상에서 역재분포 현상을 관찰하고 이에 대한 정량분석 및 추적 검사를 통해 역재분포 현상의 임상적 의의에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 급성 심근경색으로 관동맥 중재술을 시행한 67명(남자 46명, 여자 21명, 평균연령 $62{\pm}12.9$세)을 대상으로 게이트 Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT영상을 얻었다. 휴식기 조기 영상은 주사 후 40분째 얻었고 부하 후 지연기 영상은 3시간째 촬영하였다. 심근은 단축 영상을 주로 하여17개 분절로 나누어 분석하였고 심근의 혈류감소 정도와 범위, 국소심근벽 운동, 심근벽 두께는 단축 영상을 주로 하여 정상에서 결손까지 4등급으로 분류하여 분절 점수를 매겼다(0: 정상, 1: 약간 감소, 2: 심한 감소, 3: 결손). 조기 영상을 지연기 영상과 비교하여 지연기 영상에서 2점 이상으로 악화되는 분절을 역재분포가 있는 분절로 정의하였다. 대상 환자들은 9개월 후 관동맥 조영술과 게이트 Tc-99m tetrofosmin 심근 관류를 시행하였으며 역재분포가 있었던 경우와 없었던 경우로 나누어 관동맥 재협착 유무와 심근의 혈류감소 정도와 범위, 국소 심근벽 운동, 심근두께. 구혈률을 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 관동맥 중재술을 시행한 급성 심근경색 환자에서Tc-99m tetrofosmin의 역재분포 현상은67명 중 43명으로 64%였으며 391개 분절 중에서는 100개로 31%에서 관찰되었다 심근 혈류의 감소와 범위, 국소 심근벽 운동의 이상과 심근벽 두께의 감소, 구혈률은 역재분포가 있는 심근에서 더 심하였으며 통계학적 의미를 가졌다. 9개월 후 추적검사에서 관동맥 재협착의 발생은 역재분포의 유무에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았지만 Tc-99m tetrofosmin 심근관류 SPECT에서 역재분포를 보이는 심근이 혈류감소의 정도와 범위, 국소 심근벽운동의 이상, 심근 두께의 회복은 유의한 결과를 보였다. 결론: Tc-99m tetrofosmin지연기 영상에서 보이는 역재분포는 관동맥 중재술을 시행한 환자에서 관찰될 수 있으며 재혈관화 된 심근의 생존 가능성과 좌심실 기능의 회복을 예측하는데 추가적인 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료되어 Tc-99m tetrofosmin 심근관류 영상의 임상적 유용성을 향상 시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2023

Vascular injury following traumatic knee injury quoted in the literature ranges from 3.3 to 65%, depending on the magnitude and pattern of the injury. Timely recognition is crucial to ensure the revascularization is done within 6 to 8 hours from the time of injury to avoid significant morbidity, amputation, and medicolegal ramifications. We present a case of an ischemic limb following delayed diagnosis of popliteal artery injury after knee dislocation. Even though we have successfully repaired the popliteal artery, the evolving ischemia over the distal limb poses a reconstruction challenge. Multiple surgical debridement procedures were performed to control the local tissue infection. Free tissue transfer with chimeric latissimus dorsi flap was done to resurface the defect. However, the forefoot became gangrenous despite a free muscle flap transfer. His limb appeared destined for amputation in the vicinity of tissue and recipient vessels, but we chose to use a cross-leg free flap as an option for limb salvage.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 1993

심근생존능은 심기능이 저하되어 있으나 적절한 치료에 의해 심기능이 회복될 수 있는 상태를 말하며, 기절심근과 동면심근으로 대변할 수 있다. 기절심근은 심근관류가 정상이지만 아직 심근기능이 회복이 안된 상태로 수 시간 내지 수주일 후에 회복이 되는 상태를 말하며, 동면심근은 심근관류가 오랫동안 감소되어 있어 심기능 저하되어 있지만 심근관류를 정상화시켜주면 바른 시간내에 심기능이 회복되는 상태를 말한다. 임상적으로는 이 두가지 상태가 혼합된 경우도 있으리라 추측되고 있다. 심근생존능을 진단하는 것은 재혈관화 치료를 시행하기 전에 미리 환자의 예후를 결정해 줄 수 있다는 점에서 임상적인 의의가 있다. 그 진단법으로는 PET에 의해 심근대사기능이 존재함을 증명하는 것이 표준으로 되어 있으나, 그 외에도 심장초음파, 심장 MRI등을 이용한 검사법, $^{201}TI$ 또는 $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$를 이용한 신티그라피등의 검사법이 있다. 현재까지 보고된 바를 종합하면 $^{201}TI$ 부하-재분포-재주사영상법이 가장 우수한 것으로 사료되나, 각 진단법이 개선 또는 개발되고 있으므로 이에 대한 계속적인 관심이 필요하며, 핵의학적인 진단방법도 계속적으로 발전시킬 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.436-439
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• 2015

The majority of clinical studies on moyamoya disease (MMD) have focused on anterior circulation. The disease involvement of posterior circulation in MMD, mainly in the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), has been mentioned since the early 1980s, and it has been repeatedly emphasized as one of the most important factors related to poor prognosis in MMD. However, its clinical features and outcome have only been elucidated during the last few years. In this review, the angiographic definition of PCA stenosis is summarized. The clinical features are elucidated as being either early-onset or delayed-onset, according to the time of PCA stenosis diagnosis in reference to the anterior circulation revascularization surgeries. The surgical strategy and hypothesis on the mechanism of PCA stenosis is also briefly mentioned. It appears that some MMD patients may show PCA stenosis during the early or late course of the disease and that the presenting symptoms may vary. Because the hemodynamic compromise caused by PCA stenosis may respond well to surgical treatment, clinicians should be aware of the condition, especially during follow-up of MMD patients.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.128-139
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to review the literatures of experimental tracheal reconstruction. Although there have been significant advancements in the surgical treatment of the long circumferential tracheal injuries, there still has been a difficult problem with high morbidity and mortality. The method for tracheal reconstruction after circumferential resection is preferred end-to-end anastomosis for defects up to 6 cm in length, but larger tracheal defects require the use of tracheal allograft, various artificial prosthesis or autogenous organs. The tracheal allotransplantation has been widely used as there was significantly improved the method of surgical technique, preservation and immunosuppression. But it has been limited by a number of factors such as few donor, limited use of immunosuppressant, delayed revascularization and re-epitheliazation. Experimental studies on the tracheal prosthesis have a long history and they tried to use silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene mesh, Dacron, Marlex mesh, external or internal stents. Other experimental studies were reported the use of autogenous tissues that were cartilage. jejunum, aorta, skin, muscle, periostium or esophagus. But a great variety of these protheses have been resulted unsatisfactory in a significant Proportion of cases. Alternatively, the tissue-engineering technique has showed a new approach to reconstruct trachea and much progress in tissue-engineering bas been made recently. In conclusion, although the tracheal allotransplantation and the use of prosthesis and allograft have been reported a lot of limitation to overcome, we could sooner expect good result of ideal tracheal prosthesis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.526-531
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• 1993

Sixty-one consecutive patients with coronary artery bypass graft for myocardial revascularization were retrospectively reviewed to analyze various pattern of postoperative complication and death during hospital stay from Nov. 1988 to Oct. 1992. Fortytwo of the patients were male and nineteen female. The mean age was 56 and 51 years in male and female. Preoperative diagnosises were unstable angina in 14 of patients, stable angina in 28, postmyocardial infarction state in 15, and state of failed percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in 4. 141 stenosed coronary arteries were bypassed with use of 20 pedicled internal mammary artery and 124 reversed saphenous vein grafts. Postoperative complications and perioperative death were as follows: 1. Of 61 patients undergoing operation, peri and postoperative over all complication occured in 15 patients [ 25% ]; newly developed myocardial infarction in 4, intractable cardiac arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation and frequent ventricular premature contraction in 3, bleeding from gastrointestinal tract in 2, persistent vegetative state as a sequele of brain hypoxia in 1, wound necrosis in 1, left hemidiaphragmatic palsy in 3 and poor blood flow through graft in 2. 2. Operative mortality was 8%[5 patients]. 3 out of these died in operating room; 1 patient by bleeding from rupture of calcified aortic wall, 1 by air embolism through left atrial vent catheter, 1 by low cardiac output syndrome. 2 patients died during hospital stay; 1 by acute respiratory distress syndrome with multiuple organ failure, 1 by brain death after delayed diagnosis of pericardial tamponade.