• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.585-592
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• 2010

복숭아 '장호원황도'에 있어 저장, 유통 중 품질 향상을 위한 1-MCP 처리 및 에틸렌제거제 처리효과를 검토하였다. 1-MCP를 $1.0{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 농도로 처리하였던 경우 8일간의 상온 유통 중 경도유지 및 착색지연에 효과적인 것으로 나타났는데 완숙과에 비하여 성숙과에서 1-MCP 처리 효과가 크게 나타났다. 그러나 1-MCP를 $0.5{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 농도로 처리하였던 경우에는 품질유지 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 1-MCP를 0.5 및 $1.0{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 처리하였던 경우 과실의 에틸렌 발생을 억제하였는데 호흡률 저하는 $1.0{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서만 유의하게 나타났다. 저온저장 중 1-MCP 처리와 에틸렌제거 처리 효과를 비교한 결과, 처리 효과가 저장 5일 후까지만 1-MCP를 처리한 과실의 경도가 높게 유지되었고 에틸렌 제거제 처리의 경우 성숙과의 경우에만 단기적 경도 유지효과를 보여주었다. 저온저장 중 에틸렌제거를 실시하였던 경우 성숙과에서 저장 초기에 경도 감소를 지연하는 효과를 보였으나 완숙과에서는 효과가 떨어지는 것으로 조사되었다. 한편 1-MCP 처리 과실에 대한 박스 내 에틸렌제거제 복합처리는 과실의 경도유지효과를 나타내어 상온유통 5일 후 성숙과의 경우 1-MCP 처리구는 무처리구에 비하여 약 2배 경도가 높아 실용성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.188-201
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to suggest that computed tomography angiography (CTA) is valuable as the only preliminary examination for mechanical thrombectomy (MT). MT after single examination of CTA including noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) and maximum intensity projection (MIP) improves door-to-puncture time as well as results in favorable outcomes. Methods : A total of 157 patients who underwent MT at Dong Kang Medical Center from April 2015 to March 2019 were divided into two groups based on the examination performed prior to MT : CTA group who underwent CTA with NCCT and MIP, and NCCT+magnetic resonance image (MRi) group who underwent MRI including perfusion images after NCCT. In the two groups, time to CTA imaging or NCCT+MRi imaging after symptom onset, and time to arterial puncture and reperfusion were characterized as time-related outcomes. The evaluation of vascular recanalization after MT was defined as a modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) scale. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was assessed at the time of the visit to the emergency room and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was assessed after 90 days. Results : Typically, there were 34 patients in the CTA group and 33 patients in the NCCT+MRi group. A significantly shorter delay for door-to-puncture time was observed (mean, 86±22.1 vs. 176±47.5 minutes; <0.01). Also, a significantly shorter door-to-imege time in the CTA group was observed (mean, 13±6.8 vs. 93±30.8 minutes; p<0.01). Moreover, a significantly shorter onset-to-puncture time was observed (mean, 195±128.0 vs. 314±157.6 minutes; p<0.01). Reperfusion result of mTICI ≥2b was 100% (34/34) in the CTA group and 94% (31/33) in the NCCT+MRi group, and mTICI 3 in 74% (25/34) in the CTA group and 73% (24/33) in the NCCT+MRi group. Favorable functional outcomes (mRS score ≤2 at 90 days) were 68% (23/34) in the CTA group and 60% (20/33) in the NCCT+MRi group. Conclusion : A single-phase CTA including NCCT and MIP images was performed as a single preliminary examination, which led to a reduction in the time of the procedure and resulted in good results of prognosis. Consequently, it is concluded that this method is of sufficient value as the only preliminary examination for decision making.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.717-722
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• 2017

Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness and efficacy of delayed burr hole surgery in relation to the reduction of postoperative subdural hematoma (SDH) volume in patients with acute SDH. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed patients with acute SDH who received delayed burr hole surgery at our institute. Age, sex, Glasgow coma scale, maximal SDH thickness, volume of SDH, midline shifts, hounsfield unit (HU), and medical history of anticoagulant agent usage were recorded. Outcome measures were delayed operation day, reduction of SDH volume after operation, and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score at discharge. The patients were divided two groups according to the postoperative reduction of volume of SDH (${\geq}50%$, group A; <50%, group B). We also analyzed variables and differences between two groups. Results : Eighteen patients were available for this analysis. The mean delayed of surgery was $13.9{\pm}7.5$ days. Maximal thickness of SDH was changed from $10.0{\pm}3.5mm$ to $12.2{\pm}3.7mm$. Volume of SDH was changed from $38.7{\pm}28.0mL$ to $42.6{\pm}29.6mL$. Midline shifts were changed from $5.8{\pm}3.3mm$ to $6.6{\pm}3.3mm$. HU were changed from $66.4{\pm}11.2$ to $53.2{\pm}20.6$. Post-operative reduction of SDH volume was $52.1{\pm}21.1%$. Eleven patients (61%) had a discharge GOS score of 1 (good recovery). Ten patients (56%) were enrolled in group A. Midline shifting was greater in group A than in group B ($7.4{\pm}3.3$ vs. $3.0{\pm}2.4mm$; p<0.02). The delay of surgery was shorter for group A than group B ($9.2{\pm}2.3$ vs. $19.8{\pm}7.7$ days; p<0.0008). Conclusion : Among well selected patients, delayed burr hole surgery in patients with acute SDH may be effective for reduction of SDH volume. Further studies will be necessary to establish the effectiveness and safety of delayed burr hole surgery in patients with acute SDH.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.229-229
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• 2017

This research study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of different rice cultivars in abnormal temperature conditions (low temperature) for ripening period abnormalities, and to investigate the physiological causes behind the abnormalities. Four Korean high quality japonica-type rice cultivars, Jinbu (JB), Junamjosaeng (JJ), Geumyoung (GY), Hwawang (HW) were used in the experiment. The following day after flowering, they were then moved into two phytotrons under natural daylight with 65% RH but controlled at different temperatures - one at $19/29^{\circ}C$ (night/day) and the other at $13/23^{\circ}C$ as the low - temperature study on ripening. For the cultivars at $13/23^{\circ}C$ (low temperature study), JB and JJ had a ripening rate of 93% which is similar to the ripening rates of cultivars at $19/29^{\circ}C$ at 45 days after heading (DAH). In contrast, GY and HW recorded lower ripening rates of 86% and 57% respectively. However, when the cultivars at $13/23^{\circ}C$ were harvested at 61 DAH (when the accumulated temperature reached $1100^{\circ}C$), the difference in ripening rates compared to the 4 cultivars of $19/29^{\circ}C$ harvested at 45 DAH was not obvious (JB 94%, JJ 97%, GY 97%, HW 88%). Starch content showed little difference among the 4 cultivars at different temperature conditions while amylose content was higher for cultivars at $13/23^{\circ}C$ compared to those at $19/29^{\circ}C$. In addition, the enzyme activities of starch biosynthesis were about 5~10 days slower in cultivars at $13/23^{\circ}C$ compared to cultivars at $19/29^{\circ}C$. The grain-filling rate showed highly significant correlations with the enzyme activities of Sucrose synthase ($R^2=0.70^{***}$), ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase ($R^2=0.63^{***}$), UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase ($R^2=0.36^{***}$), Starch synthase ($R^2=0.51^{***}$), and Starch branching enzyme ($R^2=0.59^{***}$). Among the enzymes, Sucrose synthase activity had the highest correlation coefficient with grain-filling rate. In conclusion, the activity of enzymes such as Sucrose synthase, UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase, ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase, Starch synthase, Starch branching enzyme in starch biosynthesis is proven to be highly related to the grain filling process. Notably, the decrease in the activity of Sucrose synthase and Starch branching enzyme and the late increase in ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase activity at low temperature in the ripening stage are considered to be disadvantageous as they delay ripening and increased amylose content.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.101-101
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• 2017

This study was carried out to improve yield potential of Tongil type rice variety based on QTLs analysis associated with yield component using a total of 386 rice recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Tongil type high yield variety "Hanareum2" and Japonica variety "Unkwang". 384 SNP markers were used, and 241 of them (62.6%) were polymorphic between Hanareum2 and Unkwang. One hundred forty-four QTLs in 11 traits, such as heading days, were detected. Most of them were 21 QTLs associated with 1000 grain weight and the least was 8 QTLs associated with panicle number. The QTL, qDTH3-2 associated with days to heading was identified to delay heading date for 2.4~2.6 day. Eleven QTLs were associated with culm length. The QTL, qCL1-2 on chromosome 1, was identified to decrease culm length. A total of 16 QTLs were detected for panicle length. Three QTLs, qPL3, qPL6, and qPL7-1 were increased panicle length. Seven QTLs related to panicle number except qPN7 were increased the number of panicle. Four QTLs related to grain number per panicle, qGNP2-1, qGNP6, and qGNP7, were increased the number of grains. Three QTLs associated with grain filling rate, qGFR1, qGFR2-2, and qGFR7-1 were increased grain filling rate. Twelve QTLs associated with 1,000 grain weight. were increased the grain weight. Fourteen QTLs were identified associated with grain length. 10 QTLs, such as qGL1-1, were increasing grain. Fifteen QTLs associated with grain width were detected. The 8 QTLs, such as qGW1-1, were elongated grain width. Seventeen QTLs were associated with grain thickness, and ten QTLs of them were increased grain thickness. We need further study to develop introgression lines of each QTL to improve yield potential of Tongil type rice variety.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2001

본 논문의 목적은 조직(Tissue)에서의 광학적 특성(Optical Properties)을 이용한 광학적 생검(Optical Biopsy)방법을 소개하고, 방사선 치료에서 치료 반응 결과를 확인하는데 적당한 도구인가를 확인하고자 한다 본 연구는 구강(Oral Cavity) 내부조직을 샘플로, 건강한 사람 4명과 구강 암환자 4명의 자원을 받았다. 연구실에서 제작한 FastEEM(Excitation Emission Matrix) 장비를 이용하여 생체 내(in vivo)상태에서 측정하였다. 건강한 구강의 정상조직(Normal Tissue)과 병이 있는 구강의 비정상조직에서 기존의 생검과 동시에 새로운 광학적 생검을 하였다. 광학적 생검 결과와 기존의 생검 결과를 비교 확인하고, 암 조직으로 진단 받은 환자들에게 2차 광학적 생검을 실시하였다. 암 조직에 대한 1차 광학적 생검과 2차 측정 결과에 대한 형광스펙트럼을 비교 분석하였고, 자료분석은 Gillenwater가 개발한 337nm에 근거한 진단 알고리즘을 이용하였다. 광학적 생검 방법은 암 조직을 정상조직과 확실하게 구분시키는 장비임을 확인하였다. 건강한 구강조직과 악성 종양 조직의 측정 형광세기를 비교하면 정상조직인 경우 암 조직의 형광세기보다 모든 환자에 대해서 크게 나타났다. 암 조직의 구성이 시간에 따라 변하였을 때(7일) 광학적 생검을 하면 측정된 4명의 환자의 형광의 세기에 변화가 있었다. 7일간 시간이 지난 암 조직이 형광세기가 더 작은 값을 갖는다. 광학적 생검은 조직을 인체에서 분리하지 않는 생체 내, 실시간, 비침습성(noninvasive)생검 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 구강의 정상조직과, 암 조직, 그리고 암 조직의 진화에 따른 구성의 변화를 형광스펙트럼으로 확인하였다. 형광분광법을 이용한 FastEEM장치는 암 조직의 변화를 확인함으로 방사선 치료 후 발생하는 암 조직 구성의 화학적, 생물학적, 형태학적 변화를 실시간으로 정확하게 측정이 가능한 장치임을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.57-69
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• 2003

It is well known that many pesticides possess hormonal activity, and affect the developments of wildlife and mammals including human. Currently, pyrethroid insecticides are in worldwide use to control in and outdoor pests, providing potential far environmental exposure. Hormonal activities of these pyrethroid insecticides, however, have been little studied, and the developmental effects of them were no reported. Therefore, we firstly examined the potential estrogenic activities of some pyrethroid insecticides (permethrin, cypermethrin, tetramethrin, deltamethrin, sumithrin, fenvalerate and bioallethrin) by immature rat uterotrophic assay, luciferase reporter gene assay and Calbindin-D$\sub$9k/ (CaBP-9k) gene expression assay. Uterine wet weights were increased by permethrin and the permethrin-induced weights were inhibited by ICI 182780 in the uterolrophic assay. On the other hand tetramethrin significantly reduced uterine and vaginal wet weights, and also inhibited the E2-induced weight increases at all doses tested. Cypermethrin and sumithrin had a tendency to increase uterine weights, although not statistically significant. Permethrin and cypermethrin dose-dependently increased the luciferase activity in reporter gene assay. Northern blot analysis showed that permethrin induced CaBP-9k mRNA expression whereas tetramethrin inhibted. Subsequent studies were conducted to investigate the possible developmental effects of four pyrethroid insecricides (permethrin, cypermethrin, sumithrin and teramethrin). Either diethlbestrol (DES) or 17${\beta}$ -estradiol (E2) was used as a reference control in this study. Pyrethroid insecticides were administered to Sprague Dawley rats via subcutaneous injection at 6 to 18 days of gestation or 1 to 5 days after birth. In utero treatment of permethrin (10mg/kg/day) in female rat resulted in significant increases in uterine and ovarian weights while significant decreases in serum E2 concentration, uterine and ovarian ER${\alpha}$ mRNA levels. Sumithrin and permethrin led to acceleration in vaginal opening of female rat, while delay in preputial separation of male after neonatal treatment. Anogenital distances of PND 18 were significantly reduced in sumthrin-treated, and permerhrin-treated male rats after neonatal treatment. All the pyrethroid insecticides tested caused significant increases in uterine weights on PND 18, while significant reductions in the first diestrus phase when neonataly treated. In addition, exposure to pyrethroids in neonatal period led to significant reduction in relative brain weight in female rat on PND 18, but its weight was recovered in diestrus phase. In summary, Our experimental data demonstrate the possibilities of developmental effects of pyrethroid insecticides via estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.196-202
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• 2017

흑미를 이용한 무논점파 재배방법에 따른 입모, 수량, 품질특성 등을 구명하고 효과적인 잡초방제체계를 결정하여 재배안정화를 유도함으로써 흑미를 이용한 무논점파 재배의 보급 확대를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 흑미 무논점파 재배에서의 효과적인 잡초방제체계는 제초효과가 높고 약해에도 안전하였던 bromobutide thiobencarb (파종 전 5일) followed by bensulfuron mefenacet thiobencarb (파종 후 12일) 체계처리가 유리할 것으로 판단되었다. 파종시기 및 재식밀도에 따른 흑미의 입모수는 파종시기가 늦어지고 재식밀도가 높아질수록 증가하였으며 출수기는 파종시기가 늦어질수록 지연되었으나 재식밀도별로는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 흑미의 가장 중요한 품질요소인 안토시안함량은 파종시기가 늦어지고 재식밀도가 낮아질수록 높아지는 경향이었으며 완전 착색 현미수량은 5월 30일과 6월 10일 파종 $3.3m^2$당 80주에서 이앙재배 대비 99% 수준으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해 보면 흑미를 이용하여 무논점파 재배를 할 경우 적정 재식밀도는 $3.3m^2$당 80주였고 중만생종 품종으로 사료맥류 후작인 6월 10일 파종까지는 수량감소가 거의 없어 안전하게 재배가 가능하며 식용맥류 후작인 6월 20일 파종에서는 중만생종 품종은 지양하고 조생종 품종을 선택하여야만 비교적 안전하게 재배가 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.86-97
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of low temperature on starch accumulation in rice grains. We used four major Japonica-type Korean rice cultivars as materials: Jinbu (JB), Junamjosaeng (JJ), Geumyoung (GY), and Hwawang (HW). Rice plants were moved into two phytotrons the day after heading. Temperatures in the two phytotrons were maintained at $19/29^{\circ}C$ (night/day) as the control, and $13/23^{\circ}C$ as the low temperature condition, both under natural daylight with a relative humidity of 65%. The ripening rates of JB and JJ showed no significant difference between the low temperature and control conditions at 45 days after heading (DAH). In contrast, the ripening rates of GY and HW were 86% and 57% lower than those of JB and JJ under the low temperature condition at 45 DAH, respectively. However, the ripening rates of these four varieties at 61 DAH (when accumulated temperature reached $1,100^{\circ}C$) under the low temperature condition were similar to those at 45 DAH under the control condition (JB, 94%; JJ, 97%; GY, 97%; HW, 88%). The total starch contents showed no significant difference between the control and low temperature conditions. However, the amylose contents in the cultivars were higher under the low temperature than under the control condition. The enzyme activities of starch biosynthesis were about 5-10 days slower in cultivars under the low temperature than under the control. The grain-filling rate showed significant correlations with the enzyme activities of SuSase ($r^2=0.70^{***}$), AGPase ($r^2=0.63^{***}$), UDPase ($r^2=0.36^{***}$), StSase ($r^2=0.51^{***}$), and SBE ($r^2=0.59^{***}$). In conclusion, although StSase activity was increased at $13/23^{\circ}C$ up to 20 DAH, there might not be enough time for SBE to synthesize amylopectin, thus affecting the amylose content of HW, which had the slowest grain filling rate. Notably, the decreased activity of SuSase and SBE and late increase in AGPase activity under the low temperature during the ripening stage are considered to be disadvantageous, as they delay ripening and increase the amylose content.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 1999

목 적 : 광치료는 계절성 기분장애, 약간의 비계절성 주요 우울장애 및 월경전우울증 등의 치료에 이용되고 있다. 저자들은 일중주기리듬의 장애가 병인론으로 제시되고 있는 월경전 불쾌기분 장애에 대한 광치료 효과를 평가하기 위하여 광치료의 임상시도를 하였다. 방 법 : DSM-IV의 월경전 불쾌기분장애 진단기준에 충족되는 4명의 환자에서 광박스(light box,Apolo bright lite III)를 이용한 저녁 광치료(6:30-8:00pm) 시도하였다. 결 과 : 연구대상은 광치료 후, 그 정도에는 차이가 있으나, 월경전기 증상과 더불어 우울기분과 불안이 감소하는 변화를 보였다. 본 연구는 임상시도로 연구대상이 적고, 위약 효과의 통제가 없으며, 증상 평가 방법에 있어 어려움 등 한계가 있으나, 이러한 변화는 특히 비정형 우울증상이 있는 환자에서 두드러졌으며, 신체증상보다는 심리증상에 보다 효과적인 결과를 보였다. 결 론 : 광치료는 월경전불쾌기분 장애 환자의 약물학적 치료에 대안적 방법으로 볼 수 있겠다. 향후 보다 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로, 위약대조 교차연구(아침, 저녁 광치료)가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.