• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to highlight the importance of 'marital preparation skill' by focusing on more substantial and tangible skills in marriage life, and to conduct an exploratory research to examine the current conditions and gender differences in marital preparation skills of college students. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire in four universities located in Seoul and Gyeong-gi areas in the spring of 2013, and a total of 332 senior students chosen were used for data analysis. Based on the instrument used in Olson & Olson's(2000) PREPARE/ENRICH Program, the present study sought to suggest a measurement tool with the moniker of 'marital preparation skill' that included seven domains: conflict resolution skill, sexual relationship skill, household labor skill, financial management skill, leisure management skill, parenting preparation skill, and parental role skill. Each domain consisted of four items and thus, a total of 28 items were utilized for this study. Descriptive statistics were analyzed in order to examine the degree of marital preparation skills, and t-tests were conducted in order to assess the gender differences in marital preparation skills. The main results of this study are as follows: First, overall the degree of marital preparation skills of male students was higher than that of female students. Particularly, female students were lower than male students in the skills of financial management and conflict resolution. Second, regarding the basic household labor skill related to clothing and housing life, male students showed higher than female students, implying the impact of military life. Third, even though the degree of consciousness about appropriate preparation of parenthood and parental role seemed to be heightened, the actual degree of readiness of college students revealed to be insufficient. Male students had a much higher degree of confidence and sacrifice acceptance about parenthood, and understanding about their parents' child-rearing style than female students, while the mindset of child-rearing participation of male students was lower than that of female students. Findings of this study can be used as basic data for developing more effective and differentiated educational programs of marital preparation skills for men and women.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.29-46
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of the degree of preparation for old age and the sense of crisis on the marital satisfaction of married mid-life women. The participants in this study were 300 women ranging in age from 40 to 59 years residing in Gyeonggi-do. Two hundred and forty-nine self-reported questionnaires were used for final analysis by SPSS PASW 18.0. The major results of this study were as follows. First, the mean score on the sense of crisis scale was $2.56{\pm}0.65$, representing a medium level. The mean scores for degree of preparation for later life and marital satisfaction were $3.54{\pm}0.57$ and $3.67{\pm}0.88$, which were somewhat high. Second, socio-demographic characteristics have a significant influence on married, middle-aged women. There were primarily differences in the sense of crisis by age cohort(such as women in their 50s) and level of education. Moreover, there were differences in the degree of preparation for later life by marriage duration and differences in marital satisfaction by level of education, monthly average income, and employment status. Third, in multiple regression analysis, the variables significantly influencing the marital satisfaction of married, middle-aged women included health status and monthly average income as control variables. Mid-life crisis also had a significant effect. The degree of preparation for emotional later life had a significant effect as an independent variable. These findings suggest that the level of sense of crisis and the degree of preparation for emotional later life affected the women's marital satisfaction. Other factors did not have a significant affect. Based on the above results, intervention alternatives are needed to improve the marital satisfaction of married, middle-aged women.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.137-155
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the degree of preparation for old age and perception of successful aging on the life satisfaction of middle-aged women. The participants in this study were 300 women ranging in age from 35 years to 65years who reside in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and other cities. Two hundred eight self-reported questionnaires were used for final analysis by SPSS WIN14. The major results of this study were as follows: First, there were differences in the degree of preparation for old age of middle-aged women by age, academic career, income, area, and religion. Second, there were differences in self-efficacy in the perception of successful aging by academic career, an income, and area. Third, there were differences in the degree of life satisfaction of middle-aged women by academic career and income. Finally, the most effective variables on the degree of life satisfaction were the degree of preparation for old age, perception of successful aging, and income. Consequently, to improve the life satisfaction of middle-aged women, social groups, local self-governments, and the government have to educate women on economic management for preparation for old age and human relationship progress programs, as well as promote healthy leisure cultures.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.647-655
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• 2017

본 연구는 은퇴교육필요도와 은퇴교육준비도가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향에서 은퇴준비의 매개효과와 조절변수인 은퇴교육참여도가 어떻게 조절되는지를 파악하고자 수행하였다. 연구대상은 조사의 편리성을 고려하여 유의표집하였으며, 2017년 5월부터 7월까지 충청남도 9시 군 212명의 데이터를 활용하였으며, 남자 58.5% 여자가 41.5%로 남자가 많았으며, 거주지역은 시지역이 76.9%, 군지역이 23.1%로 시 거주자가 많았다 세부연구문제는 첫째로 일반적 특성에 따라 삶의 질의 차이, 둘째로 은퇴준비필요도, 은퇴준비, 은퇴교육, 삶의 질의 상관관계, 셋째로 은퇴교육은 은퇴준비와 삶의 질 간의 간접효과를 조절을 보았다. 연구결과 대상자의 첫째, 일반적 특성에 따른 삶의 질 차이 검증결과 거주지역에 따라서는 시지역에 거주하는 사람이 군 지역에 사는 사람보다, 대학원 졸업이상이 대학이하 집단보다 높았다. 직업에 따라서는 공무원, 회사원이 자영업보다 높았으며, 경제수준과 건강수준에 만족하는 집단이 삶의 질에 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 상관분석결과 은퇴준비와 삶의 질, 은퇴준비 필요도와 양의 상관관계를 나타났다. 또한 삶의 질과 은퇴교육, 은퇴교육 필요도와의 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 은퇴교육과 은퇴준비필요도에 따라서는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 셋째, 은퇴교육참여는 은퇴교육 필요도, 은퇴준비도를 거쳐서 삶의 질에 미치는 간접효과를 조절하였다. 즉, 은퇴교육 필요도는 은퇴준비에 영향을 주고 은퇴교육 간접효과에 의해 삶의 질에 영향을 준다. 따라서 은퇴준비에 은퇴교육의 조절된 매개효과가 커지는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 은퇴교육의 필요성에도 삶의 질은 달라질 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

Purpose: The resective treatment in mandibular Degree III furcation areas includes root resection and tunnel preparation. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate which treatment procedure(root resection vs tunnel preparation) has more favorable prognosis in mandibular Degree III furcation involvement. Materials and methods: The subjects of this study were patients who were treated their mandibular posteriors with either root resection(22 teeth on 22 patients) or tunnel preparation(24 teeth on 22 patients) and have participated in periodic recall check program for at least 2 years. Failure rate, plaque index, bleeding on probing and probing pocket depth were measured and the results were compared and statistically analysed. Results: Failure rates of root resection and tunnel praparation were 13.6% and 16.7%, respectively, and showed no significant difference between two procedures. No significant differences were observed between two procedures with respect to plaque index, bleeding on probing and probing pocket depth. Conclusion: root resection and tunnel preparation are both effective procedures to treat mandibular posterior furcation involvement, if adequate treatment of choice is made and patient's cooperation is accompanied. However, tunnel preparation is more preservative procedure in mandibular posterior furcation involvement since root canal treatment and prosthetic restoration are needed additionally, in case of root resection.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.247-258
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• 2024

Tailings are waste materials of mining operations, consisting of a mixture of clay, silt, sand with a high content of unrecoverable metals, process water, and chemical reagents. They are usually discharged as slurry into the storage area retained by dams or earth embankments. Poor knowledge of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of tailings has often resulted in a high rate of failures in which static liquefaction has been widely recognized as one of the major causes of dam collapse. Many studies have dealt with the static liquefaction of coarse soils in saturated conditions. This research provides an extension to the case of silty tailings in unsaturated conditions. The static liquefaction resistance was evaluated in terms of stress-strain behavior by means of monotonic triaxial tests. Its dependency on the preparation method, the volumetric water content, the void ratio, and the degree of saturation was studied and compared with literature data. The static liquefaction response was proved to be dependent mainly on the preparation technique and degree of saturation that, in turn, controls the excess of pore pressure whose leading role is investigated by means of the relationship between the -B Skempton parameter and the degree of saturation. A preliminary interpretation of the static liquefaction response of Stava tailings is also provided within the Critical State framework.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2000

This study was carried out in order to investigated the degree of expansion, textural and sensory characteristics of Yukwa made from various cultivars of waxy rice, With 5 varieties of waxy rice and a nonwaxy rice, Yukwa were prepared by the standardized method that had been established optimum preparation conditions. Yukwa made from Shinsunchalbyeo and Whasunchal showed lower degree of expansion than Hangangchalbyeo and IR 29, but showed higher crispness and softer texture among tested waxy rice cultivars. Sensory characteristics of these cultivars showed high score in flavor, crispness and preference. Whasunchalbyeo and Shinsunchalbyeo were appropriate varieties for Yukwa preparation and they were both short grain in length/width. Whasunchalbyeo has the highest score of water uptake and reducing sugar content in Key word.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2012

The main purpose of this research is to gain full understanding of how well people are aware and prepared for after retirement. To reach the goal to learn more about the upcoming aging society, professionals from variety of medical fields were employed as subjects to this research. In order to get a detailed result, and to provide an ideal suggestion, the research was conducted with 406 professional workers from 31 different medical institutions as its subjects. Obtained results were summarized as follows. First, in terms of government policies in the field, the idea of long term recuperation insurance gained more support than the belief that the public annuity is a sufficient economic countermeasure. Second, there is a causal relation between the economical preparation for retirement and the reason why people do not prepare for their after retirement. The more one feel short of money, the more one is obtuse towards the necessity of preparing for retirement, the more ignorant one is about preparing for retirement, the higher the chance that there will be no preparation done for his/her after retirement.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2019

오늘날 고령화와 경제여건의 변화 등에 따라 노후준비의 필요성이 더욱 증대되었다. 본 연구는 소득의 불안정성과 노후준비정도와 현재생활의 만족도간의 관련성을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 먼저 선행연구 검토를 통해 주요 변수를 추출하고 이를 설문화하여 설문조사를 통해 수집된 자료를 구조방정식 모델로 통계분석하였다. 분석결과 현재의 소득위험이 노후준비정도를 매개로하여 현재생활의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 간접효과는 통계적으로 유의수준 0.05하에서 유의미한 음(-)의 영향을 미치나 현재의 소득위험이 현재생활의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 직접효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이에 연령변수와 부양가족 수를 각각 2분하여 추가분석을 실시하였다. 결과를 요약하면 현재생활의 만족도를 높이기 위한 선행요건으로 노후준비정도가 상당한 역할을 하고 노후준비를 위해서는 현재 소득의 변동성(위험)이 중요한 역할을 하는데, 이 요인(잠재변수)들 간의 관련성 정도는 연령, 부양가족 수의 많고 적음에 따라 세부적으로는 다소간의 차이가 있었다. 본 분석 결과는 현재 각 개인의 상황 속에서 만족스런 삶을 준비하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 의미가 있을 것이다. 한편 본 연구는 횡단면적 분석만을 실시한 한계점을 갖고 있으며 향후에는 시계열적 변화를 분석하고자 한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.392-396
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• 1995

Chitosan의 탈아세틸화도와 분자량에 미치는 chitosan 제조조건의 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 탈아세틸화 과정에서 NaOH 농도가 높을수록 탈아세틸화는 많이 일어났으나 $40\%$ 이상의 농도에서는 농도가 증가할수록 탈아세틸화의 증가폭은 감소하고, 분자량의 감소폭은 줄어들지 않았다. 가열온도를 $130^{\circ}C$ 에서 $150^{\circ}C$로 증가시켰을 때 탈아세틸화도는 $84\%$에서 $87\%$로 $3\%$ 정도 증가한 반면 분자량은 267,000에서 85,800로 $90^{\circ}C$에서 $130^{\circ}C$로 증가하였을 때의 분자량 감소폭보다 크게 나타났다. 그리고 3시간 이상 연속 알칼리처리하여도 $86\%$ 이상의 탈아세틸화도를 얻지 못하였지만 간헐적으로 수세하여 처리한 경우 3회 처리하였을 때 $93\%$의 탈아세틸화가 일어났다. 연속으로 3시간 처리했을 경우 탈아세틸화도는 $84\%$이었고, 분자량은 267,000이었으나 간헐반복처리로 3시간처리 했을 때는 탈아세틸화도가 $93\%$, 분자량은 280,000으로 연속처리 한 경우보다 더 높았다.