• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1192-1203
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• 2005

A technical analysis was conducted to predict the development trend for heat pump system. The study was based on a submitted patent from 1983 to 2002 in Korea, U.S.A. and Japan. The total number of raw data from the registered database was 19,261 and the obtained data to be analyzed through the filtering process was 5,143. Technical development of compression type heat pump was more dominant than the other types, absorption, adsorption, and chemical heat pump. The patents for compression type made up over $80\%$ in each country, Most of patents were developed for the defrosting and controlling technology of the compression type heat pump system. Approximately $24\%\;and\;62\%$ of the patents about compression type heat pump were for defrosting and control technologies, respectively.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 1987

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.75-80
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• 2005

The present work was undertaken to numerically analyze the defrosting phenomena of windshield glass. In order to analysis the phase change from frost to water on windshield glass by discharging hot air from a defroster nozzle, the flow and the temperature field of the cabin interior, the heat transfer through the windshield glass, and the phase change of frost should be solve simultaneously. In the present work, the flow field was obtained by solving 3-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, and the temperature field was computed from the incompressible energy equation. The phase change process was solved by the enthalpy method. For the code validation, the temperature and the phase change of the driven cavity were calculated. The calculation showed a good agreement with other numerical results. Then, the present code was applied to the defrosting problem of a real automobile, and a good agreement with the experimental data was also obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.29-34
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• 1979

Three different defrosting methods were employed in order to investigated the change in the amount of the total proteins and the amino acids in the frozen Alaska Pollack. The sample were defrosted (1) in the air of 25$\pm$3$^{\circ}C$ (2) in the air at the temperature of 4 $\pm$ $1^{\circ}C$(3) in the flowing water of 22$\pm$ $3^{\circ}C$ respectively. The samples were quick-freezed at $-23^{\circ}C$ and stored for 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months keeping the temperature at $-15^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 2017

Two-wheeled motorcycles rarely use windscreen wipers in general. However, if two or more wheeled motorcycles with upper body employ windscreen wiper systems, clear visibility should be ensured regardless of weather conditions. The windscreen wiper systems include washers, defrosting, and demisting. As demands for the personal mobility are rapidly increased, the related global safety standards for motorcycles with upper body have been revised accordingly. Currently only EU regulations issue the provisions of windscreen wiper systems for L-category vehicles, which characterize two or more wheeled motorcycles. Therefore, in order to agree with international safety standards, it is necessary to revise KMVSS (Korea Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) for motorcycles. Here, KMVSS regarding windscreen wiper systems for motorcycles are studied considering the EU regulations. It is expected that the findings in this study are useful for future amendment of KMVSS.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.196-202
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• 2003

Two dimensional modeling was carried out to find the safety distance between the defrost heater and the plastic inner wall of domestic refrigerator Estimation was processed for the three cases; the estimation of plastic wall temperature (1) without any protection, (2) with an aluminum foil attached on a wall, and (3) with an aluminum shield installed between heater and wall. The former two cases are found to be dangerous during defrosting process, because the temperatures of inner wall reach above 80'C , which is the upper temperature limit of the wall material. The case with an aluminum shield is considered to be safe by maintaining the temperature of the wall in the range of 6$0^{\circ}C$ during defrosting process.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 2003

This work was undertaken for the numerical analysis of defrosting phenomena of automobile windshield. To analyze the defrost, the flow and temperature field of cabin interior, heat transfer through the windshield glass, and phase change of the frost should be analyzed simultaneously. The flow field was obtained by solving the 3-D unsteady Navier-Stokes equation and the temperature field was computed by energy equation. The phase-change process of Stefan problem was solved by enthalpy method. For code validation, the temperature field of the driven cavity was calculated. The result of calculation shows a good agreement with the other numerical results. Then, the present code was applied to the defrosting analysis of a real automobile and, also, a good agreement with experiment was obtained.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.525-531
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• 2002

The effects of different surface hydrophilicity on frosting and defrosting characteristic were experimentally investigated. Mass of frost and water hold-up was measured. Results showed that no significant difference in the frost mass was found between the two different surfaces while the water hold-up of heat exchanger court be reduced by the enhancement of surface hydrophilicity. Also, the defrosting efficiency m hydrophilic surface was improved by 76%. It was expected that hydrophilic heat exchanger could provide the improvements in both thermal-hydraulic performances and system reliability during frost/defrost operating in refrigeration systems.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.277-281
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• 2008

This paper presents the development of a high efficiency transport refrigeration system for sliced-raw fish transportation. The refrigeration system is equipped with heat storage for reverse cycle-hot gas defrost (the stored heat is used during defrost cycle of the system). System performance and container operating conditions are analyzed during experimental investigation on a $3,225{\times}1,740{\times}1,640\;mm$ full-scale refrigerated container under cooling and defrosting conditions. The prototype system indicates better performance in terms of shorter cooling-down time, shorter defrost time and smaller fluctuations of refrigerated container's temperature.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.599-608
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• 2000

One dimensional numerical modeling was carried out for the melting behavior of dry snow and the unsaturated flow when heat was supplied from the bottom surface. Discrepancy between the previous experimental data and the present numerical results is substantially reduced by considering the density change of water permeation layer due to the infiltration of meltwater. In the parametric study for effective thermal conductivity, it was found that the effect of this parameter to the behavior of snow melting is minor. Sensitivity analysis showed that the melting time is most sensitive to changes in supplied heat flux, snow temperature, and bulk density, whereas snow bulk density and residual saturation have a significant effect on the height of water permeation layer in snow.