• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.3342-3351
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• 2023

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipelines in nuclear power plants (NPPs) have to meet high requirements for seismic performance. HDPE pipes have been proved to have good seismic performance, but joints are the weak links in the pipelines, and pipeline failures usually initiate from the defects inside the joints. Limited data are available on the seismic performance of butt-fusion joints of HDPE pipelines in NPPs, especially in terms of defects changes inside the joints after earthquakes. In this paper, full-scale shaking table tests were performed on a test section of suspended HDPE pipelines in an NPP, which included straight pipes, elbows, and 10 butt-fusion joints. During the tests, the seismic load-induced strain of the joints was analyzed by strain gauges, and it was much smaller than the internal pressure and self-weight-induced strain. Before and after the shaking table tests, phased array ultrasonic testing (PA-UT) was conducted to detect defects inside the joints. The locations, numbers, and dimensions of the defects were analyzed. It was found that defects were more likely to occur in elbows joints. No new defect was observed after the shaking table tests, and the defects showed no significant growth, indicating the satisfactory seismic performance of the butt-fusion joints.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.269-270
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• 2021

As the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution arrives and the culture of contact-less was established due to the long-term COVID-19, the construction industry is striving to develop smart home services to expand the scope of information and communications technology (ICT) to provide convenience to residents. However, various defects are occurring in information and communications technology facilities in apartments, and related research is lacking. In this study, case studies and research methods of related prior studies are analyzed as a basis for identifying the types and causes of defects that occur in information and communications technology facilities. To analyze various studies, we divided them into studies on smart home Internet of Things (IoT), information and communications technology construction of apartments, and investigated their features and limitations. Plus, future research will be conducted on apartments within 10 years of completion among apartments completed by domestic construction companies to supplement the limitations of prior research. In addition, we will prepare basic data on defects of ICT construction by analyzing the major causes of defect types through the analysis of defect types and frequency by detailed work type of information and communications technology construction.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.337-338
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• 2023

As the number of defects in apartments has increased recently, lawsuits and disputes related to defects have also increased. As a result, the loss of time and money is enormous. Therefore, fundamental measures are needed to reduce the occurrence of defects. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose a plan to reduce defects, focusing on window construction. To this end, existing studies were reviewed, and data from domestic construction companies were collected and classified to organize the types of defects. Based on the classified data, eight types with a high incidence of window glass were analyzed according to the time of occurrence, and the cause and causal relationship of the defect were schematized. It aims to identify the degree of possibility of recurrence of defects for each of the eight defect types for experts and derive key management elements using the RII method. Therefore, the goal is to select key management elements of window construction that actively reflect the characteristics of the construction stage.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.629-635
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• 2011

Retentions are generally considered to be intended to act as a powerful tool to incentivize contractors/subcontractors to remedy defective work in cases of non-performance. This study attempts to establish the extent to which retentions can be used for this purpose by investigating case law connected with insurance and defective work. One of the significant questions is whether retentions are sufficient to deal with construction defects or value of retentions in the rectification of defects is illusory. The cost to repair a defect may vary depending on a number of components including type, cause, magnitude and the construction stage at which the defect occurs. It is expected that a review of existing cases on defective workmanship will provide an insight on the issues and whether retentions are effective in their intended function. In order to establish their functionality, the study described in this paper investigated 6 construction insurance cases to identify the critical issues and the causes of dispute. It was found that the nature and the cause of defects were different in each case. It was also established that certain defect types not covered by insurance may be covered by retentions - potentially one of the key uses of a retention strategy. It is expected that the findings will assist in forming a view on the quantum of money that may be required paving the way for a first time understanding on a rational basis for setting up retention regime.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.597-608
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• 2011

공동주택의 건설 분쟁(Claim)발생 시 지속적으로 발생하는 하자의 보수비용 산정 방안에 대한 객관적 기준이 없어 건설전문가들도 각자의 경험과 성향에 따라 다양하게 판단하게 되므로 문제점을 발생 시키고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이에 대한 분석을 통하여 보수비용 산정기준과 방안을 제시한 후 건축물 하자관련 담당자들에게 합리적인 하자 판단기준을 제안 하고자 한다. 연구결과, 실적공사비를 우선 적용하며 실적공사비에 없는 항목은 표준품셈을 활용하여 산정한다. 지속형 하자 유형인 법규위반 하자의 보수비용 산정은 위반 건물부위만 철거하여 재시공하는 비용을 산정하고, 진행성(확대)하자는 건물 준공의 경과연수에 비례하여 기여율로 산정하며, 반복성 하자는 하자를 최소화시키는 방법의 설비공법을 대안으로 강구하여 산정하고, 가치감소 하자는 내용연수대비 하자보증기간의 비율로 산정하는 방법을 제안하였다. 이중 가치감소하자 보수비용의 산정은 향후 보다 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.192-204
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• 2023

본 연구는 조산아 유치의 발육성 법랑질 결함을 정량화하는 평가 기준을 제시하고, 조산아의 재태기간, 출생 시 체중, 다양한 합병증 및 치료 이력에 따른 발육성 법랑질 결함의 심각도를 조사하고자 하였다. 조산아의 신생아집중치료실 입원 및 퇴원 기록을 후향적으로 평가하여 출생 정보, 합병증 진단 여부, 비경구 영양 및 기관내 삽관 기간을 조사하였다. 기존의 발육성 법랑질 결함 평가지표를 수정하여 Preterm Developmental Defects of Enamel (PDDE) index를 고안하였으며, 평가자는 기준에 맞추어 조산아 유치의 발육성 법랑질 결함을 법랑질 저광화와 저형성으로 구분하여 점수화하였다. 재태기간 28주 미만, 출산 시 체중 1000 g 미만인 군의 PDDE score는 유의하게 증가하였다. 기관지폐이형성증, 구루병, 뇌실내출혈, 괴사성 대장염 진단 이력이 있는 군, 기관내 삽관 일수가 50일 이상인군, 비경구영양 일수가 20일 이상인 군 역시 PDDE score를 유의하게 증가시켜 발육성 법랑질 결함의 위험인자임을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 조산아 발육성 법랑질 결함 위험인자를 파악하여 조산아의 구강 상태를 예측하고 설명하기 위한 기초 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2017

국내의 공동주택은 1980년대 후반에 시행된 주택공급정책으로 급속히 증가하였으나, 물량적 보급에만 치중하고 품질관리측면에서는 상대적으로 소홀히 하여 다양하고 많은 하자가 발생하게 되었다. 그리고 다양하고 많은 하자 발생에 따른 분쟁이 점점 부각되고 있으며, 다양한 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 공동주택 하자 관련 연구들이 지속적으로 수행되어 왔다. 이에 본 연구에서는 키워드 네트워크 분석 방법론을 활용하여 오랜 기간 축적된 공동주택 하자 관련 연구 분야의 주요 키워드 및 트렌드를 분석하여 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 연구 분석 방법으로는 한국교육학술정보원 포털을 활용하여 학술지 논문을 수집하고, 수집된 학술논문의 필터링 및 키워드 정제과정을 거쳐 분석자료를 구축하였다. 그리고 키워드 네트워크 관계에 대한 시각화 모델링, 연결정도 중심성 분석, 매개 중심성 분석을 실시하였다. 연결정도 및 매개 중심성 분석 결과, 담보, 논쟁, 수리, 사례, 책임, 결로, 비용, 제도, 기준, 감정이 공동주택 하자 분야에 특징적으로 나타나는 주요 키워드로 분석되었다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2000

With esthetic concern in the reconstruction of skin and soft tissue defects of face, the use of local flap has been the method of choice. However, when there is extensive tissue loss in the face, local flaps do not provide satisfactory results. The amazing development of microsurgical technique has decreased the percentage of free flap failure, thus making free flap use in reconstruction of facial soft tissue defects. Many free flaps has been applied for reconstruction of face defects. Especially, the radial forearm flap has numerous advantages with which facial reconstruction is made possible. But, its disadvantages are ; the sacrifice of one major artery supplying the hand and donor site complications. In order to circumvent these disadvantages, we employed posterior interosseous artery(PIA) forearm free flap for the reconstruction of the face defects. The posterior interosseous forearm island flap was first described by Zancolli and Angrigiani(1985). Currently, the PIA island flap and free flap have been used for hand reconstructions. The disadvantages of the PIA flap are ; the small caliber of the pedicle, different locations of the perforating branches, and the proximity of the motor branch of the radial nerve. But, its advantages lies in preserving the major artery of the hand, minimal donor site morbidity, and fairly well matched skin texture and color, and that the flap volume is sufficient, not too bulky with convenient handling. By using this flap, we performed 1 case of tumor resection and 1 case of traumatic defect. From our experiences we conclude that it is one of many useful methods in the reconstruction of the skin and soft tissue defects of the face. We also have discussed advantages and some limitations of various free flaps for reconstruction of the face.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.46-53
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• 2002

건설사업에서 공공건설사업은 국가계약법령에 의해 집행되고 있고, 계약유형으로 볼 때 도급, 위임, 고용 등 복합적인 계약성질을 띠고 있으므로, 수급인의 하자책임을 단일화하여 규정하는 것이 쉽지 않다. 이로 인해 계약이행중 발생하는 불완전이행과 목적물 인수 후 발생하는 하자에 대한 수급인의 책임에 대한 적용 및 해석은 어려운 작업이 되어 왔다. 그리고 불완전이행이나 하자에 대한 연구는 활성화되지 못하였고, 불완전이행이나 하자관련 분쟁이 발생하게 될 경우 당사자 일방이 포기하거나 일반론적으로 접근하여 본질적인 문제해결을 이루지 못하였다. 따라서 공공건설사업에 있어서 수급인의 하자책임에 대해 심층적으로 고찰할 필요성이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 인식하여 본 연구에서는 건설공사의 하자나 불완전이행은 제조물책임법에서 규정하는 결함과는 다르므로 국내외 수급인의 하자책임에 대해 고찰한 후, 우리나라 국가계약법령에 근거한 수급인의 불완전이행 및 하자책임을 분석하여 문제점을 도출한 후 개선방안을 항목별로 도출하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.314-318
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• 2005

For treatment of full thickness skin defects caused by trauma or infections, skin grafts or flaps have been the treatment of choice to date. However, in patients who are not candidates for surgery, either due to his general conditions or refusal to receive treatment, supportive methods have been the only means of care, which inherently caused psychological trauma to the patient due to uncertainties of ultimate outcome and the length of treatment. This study aimed to heal full thickness skin defects through application of topical epidermal growth factor in patients who have received 2 to 3 weeks of conservative management using medifoam $B^{(R)}$ without improvement. Six patients from March 2002 to July 2004 were enrolled. The mean size of defects was $5.4{\times}4.6cm$ in 4 patients with carcinoma and $6.4{\times}4.1cm$ in 2 patients with osmidrosis. Commercially available 0.005% EGFR solution was used, and dressing was performed once daily. All patients benefitted from the use of EGF, with closure of skin defects taking an average of 28 days in cancer patients and 22.5 days in osmidrosis cases. EGF can be used as a supportive mean of treatment in the inoperable patients with skin defects, with resultant hastening of healing shortening duration of treatment.